US1953897A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

April 3, 1934. F. w. HODGES 1,953,897

CARBURETOR Filed Jan. 14, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1.

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'CARBURETOR Frederick W. Hodges, Grosse Pointe, Mich assignor to Detroit Lubricator Company, Detroit, Mich, a corporation of Michigan Application January 14, 1930, Serial No. 420,709

9 Claims. (01. 26l4l) My invention relates to new and useful improvements in carburetors, and more particular- 1y to means to supplement the normal fuel mixture fed to an internal combustion engine.

An object of my invention is to provide a device which is regulatable at the will of the opera tor to increase the richness of the fuel mixture.

Another object is to provide means to supply a charge of fuel for starting which is additional to the normal supply.

Another object is to provide means to supply additional fuel for warming up the engine.

The invention consists in the improved con-, struction and combination of parts, to be more fully described hereinafter and the novelty of which will be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

In the accompanying drawings to be taken as a part of this specification, I have fully and clearly illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention, in which drawings Figure 1 is a view in front elevation and partly in vertical central section of a carburetor embodying my'invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in end elevation and partly in section;

Fig. 3 is a detail section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Figs. 4 and 5 are detail sections showing the relative positions of the parts in certain operative positions thereof, and

Fig. 6 is a detail section on the line 6-6of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings by characters of reference, 1 designates, generally, a carburetor comprising a hollow body member having a passageway therethrough including an air chamber 2 with an air inlet 3 thereto, and a mixing chamber 4 positioned thereabove. The chambers 2 and 4 have communication through a port 5 providing the main air inlet, and having a peripheral valve seat 6 for cooperation with the periphery of a valve member 7, preferably of the mushroom type. The member 7 has a stem 8 which is vertically reciprocable in a guide member .8 which rises from the bottom wall of chamber 2. The stem 8 extends through the bottom wall of chamher 2 and terminates in a dash-pot chamber 9 formed by a depending cylindrical flange l0.

, The bottom wall of the chamber 9 is formed by a plate member 11 which is tightly clamped to flange 10 by bolts, or the like, 12. Within chamher 9 is a piston 13 rigid with the bottom end of stem 8. longitudinally through the valve mem per 7, stem '8, and piston 13, is a bore 14 which is constricted, as at 15, to provide a valve port.

her 9 above piston 13.

Through stem 8 within chamber 9 and below port 15, is a port 16 for admission of fuel to the bore 14. Depending concentrically from member 11 is a hollow boss 17 in which is adjustably threaded a metering pin member 18 which cooperates with port 15 to control fuel flow to the mixing chamber 4 from the main nozzle or fuel inlet 19 in bore 14. Through the piston 13 is a port 20 in which is an upward opening check valve 21 to retard the upward or opening movement of the valve member '7. Liquid fuel is supplied to the chamber 9 from a reservoir or float chamber 22 by a conduit or passageway 23 opening into cham- Atmospheric pressure is maintained in reservoir 22 over the liquid fuel therein by an air inlet port 24, or the like. The chamber 4 has a mixture outlet or passage 25 which is controlled by the usual throttle valve 26 secured on a shaft 27 'journaled in the wall of member 1. the wall of member 1 and has fixed thereon an operating arm or levermember 28 having stops 29, 3-0 to limit rotation of shaft 27.

In the wall of member 1 laterally of chamber 2, is a bore 31, preferably cylindrical, which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of shaft 2'? and which comprises a valve chamber. The bore or chamber 31 is. closed at one end, as at 32, and is open at its other end, as at 33. Within the valve chamber is a valve member 34, preferably a cylindrical plunger having a sliding fit in the bore 31. At its inner end, the member 34 is spaced, as at 35, from the end wall 32. The opposite end of member 34 extends from chamber 31 out of the open end 33, and has rigidly secured thereon a stop member 36, preferably a circumferential collar which abuts member 1 to limit inward movement of member 34. Opening into the space 35 is a conduit or passageway 37 which extends downward in member 1 and opens into a substantially horizontal passageway or conduit 38 which cormnunicates with passage 23. Themember 34 has a circumferential recess 39 which increases in depth toward passageway 37 and which terminates in a transverse shoulder 40. Transversely through member 34 at recess 39 is a port or aperture 41, the circumferential edge of which is substantially in the plane of shoulder 40. Through the member 34 is a longitudinal bore or passageway 42 which opens at one end into port 41 and at its other end into space 35. The end of member 34 is beveled, as at 43, to insure communication between bore 42 and conduit 37. Extending through the member 1 from the reservoir 22 above the normal fuel level is an air inlet port One end of shaft 27 extends through or passage 44 which opens into the chamber 31 at recess 39 such that when member 34 is in its normal or innermost position the edge of port 44 is substantially in the plane of shoulder 40. Extending through member 1 between bore 31 and chamber 4 is a passageway or conduit 45 which is normally closed by member 34 but which opens into recess 39 when shoulder 40 cuts off port 44. On the member 1 is a vertical boss 46 positioned between port 44 and conduit 37 and through which is a conduit or passageway 47 opening at one end into the outlet 25 beyond the throttle valve or control means 26 and opening at its other end into the bore 31 at a point such that conduit 45 is cut off by shoulder 40 when member 34 uncovers conduit 47. On member 1 are substantially parallel vertically spaced lugs 48 between which is pivoted a bell-crank lever member 49, one arm 50 of which underlies the stop-member 36. Extending between and positively connecting the member 34 and arm 50 is a pin member 51, so that oscillation of member 49 will reciprocate member 34. The member 49 may be connected by means of the clamp 52 to an operating wire or red, not shown, which may be extended to within reach of the operator.

The operation of my carburetor is as follows: The throttle valve 26 is opened slightly and the valve member 34 is moved to the position of Fig. 5 from normal position, Fig. 2. This will cut off inlet port 44 and connect passageway 47 through bore 31 with passageways 37 and 38 and the fuel reservoir 22. If the engine is now turned over", liquid fuel will be drawn from the reservoir 22 through passageway 47 into outlet 25 above the throttle valve 26. This charge of liquid fuel will mix with the very lean mixture from the main air and fuel inlets 5 and 19, respectively, to supply the requisite extremely rich priming charge for starting the engine. As soon as the engine fires, the member 34 is returned from starting position, Fig. 5, to warming-up position, Fig. 4, which cuts off passageway 47 and substantially simultaneously therewith the throttle valve is moved further open. The air inlet port 44 remains cut off, but conduit 45 is now open into recess 39 and fuel will be drawn from the reservoir 22 through passageways 38, 37, bore 31, passageway 42, port 41, recess 39 and conduit 45 to the mixing chamber 4 to mix with the main air and fuel from inlets 5 and 19, respectively. When the engine has warmed up, the member 34 is returned to normal running position, Figs. 2 and 6, which cuts off conduit 45 and supplies atmospheric air to recess 39 from port 44, so that any sub-atmospheric pressure in bore or chamber 31 will be satisfied by the atmospheric air and no fuel will be drawn from conduit 37. To further aid in breaking any suction effect through conduits 45 and 47 on the fuel in passageway 37, the passageway 37 is open to atmosphere through space 35, bore 42 and the port 41, which in Fig. 6 is shown in communication with port 44 opening into the float chamber above the normal liquid level therein, the chamber being open to atmosphere through inlet 24.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow body member containing a mixture passageway, main air and fuel inlets to said passageway, a fuel reservoir connected to said main fuel inlet, a valve chamber, a conduit from said reservoir to said valve chamber, a conduit from said valve chamber to said passagcway, a slide valve having a longitudinal passage and positioned valve chamber, and an air inlet port to said valve chamber, said valve having a transverse port normally registering with said air inlet port, said transverse port communicating with one end of said longitudinal passage, the other end of said l0ngitudinal passage communicating with said firstnamed conduit, said valve having a position in which said transverse port and said longitudinal passage establish communication between said conduits,

2. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow body member having a mixing chamber, main air and fuel inlets to said chamber, a fuel reservoir, a passage leading from said reservoir to said fuel inlet, a valve chamber, a fuel supply conduit connecting said passage and said valve chamber, a conduit for supplying fuel from said valve chamber to said mixing chamber, an outlet from said mixing chamber, a conduit for supplying fuel from said valve chamber to said outlet, an air inlet to said valve chamber from said reservoir, and a valve in said valve chamber operable to control said conduits.

3. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow body member containing a mixture passageway therein, main air and fuel inlets to said passageway, a valve chamber, a valve member in said valve chamber and having a circumferential recess, a transverse passage in said valve member opening into said recess, a longitudinal passageway in said valve member communicating with said passage and opening through the inner end of said valve member, a conduit for supplying fuel to said valve chamber and to said longitudinal passageway, a conduit from said valve chamber to said mixture passageway and being normally closed by said valve member, and an air inlet port to said recess for supplying atmospheric air to said first-named conduit, said valve member closing said air port upon movement to place said conduits in communication.

4. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow body member having a mixing chamber therein, main air and fuel inlets to said chamber, an outlet from said chamber, a valve chamber, a valve member movable in said valve chamber, means to supply fuel to said valve chamber, a conduit from said valve chamber to said outlet, a conduit from said valve chamber to said mixing chamber, an air inlet port to said valve chamber, and a passageway through said valve member normally connecting said air inlet port and said fuel supply means, said valve member having a position in which said passageway connects said last-named conduit and said fuel supply means, said valve member having another position in which said first-named conduit and said fuel supply means are in direct communication through said valve chamber.

5. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow body member having a mixing chamber therein, main air and fuel inlets to said chamber, an outlet from said chamber, a valve chamber, a valve member movable in said valve chamber, a constantly open fuel supply conduit for said valve chamber, a passageway through said valve member, an air inlet port normally registering with said passageway to supply air to said fuel conduit, a conduit from said valve chamber to said mixing chamber, said passageway establishing communication between said conduits upon movement of said valve member to place said passageway out of registry with said air inlet port, and a. conduit from said valve chamber to said outlet, said valve member establishing communication between said lastnamed conduit and said fuel conduit upon further movement of said valve member to carry said passageway and said second-named conduit out of registry.

6. A carburetor oil the character described, comprising a hollow body member having a pas sageway therethrough, main air and fuel inlets to said passageway, a fuel reservoir open to the atmosphere, a conduit opening from said reservoir and discharging into said main fuel inlet, a valve casing having a chamber therein, a fuel supply conduit separate from said first-named conduit and opening from below the normal fuel level in said reservoir into said chamber, a valve in said chamber, a conduit for supplying fuel from said chamber to said passageway, a second conduit for supplying fuel from said chamber to said passageway, and an air inlet to said chamber, said valve having a plurality of positions'and being operable in one position to establish communication between said second-named and said third-named conduits, said valve being operable in another position to establish communication between said second-named conduit and said fourth-named conduit, and in another position to permit inflow of air from said secondnamed air inlet and to close said third-named conduit.

'7. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow body member having a passageway therethrough, main air and fuel inlets to said passageway, a fuel reservoir, a casing having a valve chamber therein, a valve in said chamber, a conduit connecting said reservoir to said chamber, a plurality of conduits from said chamber to said passageway, said valve memher being operable to connect said conduits independently to said first-named conduit, and an air inlet passage to said chamber controlled by said valve member, said air inlet passage normally supplying air at atmospheric pressure to said first-named conduit above the normal fuel level whereby to prevent discharge of fuel from said first-named conduit into said chamber.

8. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow body member having a mixing chamber therein and an outlet from said chamber, a throttle controlling said outlet, main air and fuel inlets to said chamber, a fuel reservoir, a casing having a valve chamber therein, a valve in said valve chamber, a conduit connecting said reservoir to said valve chamber, a conduit leading from said valve chamber to said outlet beyond the throttle, a conduit leading from said valve chamber to said mixing chamber, said valve being operable to cut off communication between said first-named conduit and each of the conduits leading from said valve chamber, and an air inlet passage to said valve chamber controlled by said valve member, said air inlet passage normally supplying air at atmospheric pressure to said first-named conduit above the normal fuel level whereby to prevent discharge of fuel from said first-named conduit into said valve chamber.

9. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a hollow body member having a mixing chamber, main air and fuel inlets to said chamber, a fuel reservoir, a passage leading from said reservoir to said fuel inlet, a valve chamher, a fuel supply conduit connecting said reservoir and said valve chamber, a fuel supply conduit leading from said valve chamber to said mixing chamber, an outlet from said mixing chamber, a fuel supply conduit leading from said valve chamber to said outlet, an air supply conduit to said valve chamber, and a valve in said valve chamber operable to control each of said conduits. I

FREDERICK W. HODGES.

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