US1953244A - Method and apparatus for the detection of combustion vapors - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the detection of combustion vapors Download PDF

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US1953244A
US1953244A US438888A US43888830A US1953244A US 1953244 A US1953244 A US 1953244A US 438888 A US438888 A US 438888A US 43888830 A US43888830 A US 43888830A US 1953244 A US1953244 A US 1953244A
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vapors
segments
detection
combustion
platinum
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US438888A
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George P Luckey
Elbridge F Bacon
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of an electrically-heated body in dependence upon change of temperature
    • G01N27/16—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of an electrically-heated body in dependence upon change of temperature caused by burning or catalytic oxidation of surrounding material to be tested, e.g. of gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S200/00—Electricity: circuit makers and breakers
    • Y10S200/16—Gas detector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/21—Hydrocarbon
    • Y10T436/218—Total hydrocarbon, flammability, combustibility [e.g., air-fuel mixture, etc.]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus for the detection of inflammable gases or vapors by utilizing two scientific principles; the first that of the Wheatstone bridge, and second 5 that of the catalytic action of platinum wire on inflammable gases.
  • the object of this invention is to provide an indicator device which will indicate the presence of these inflammable gases, which device is actuated bythe application of the above two mentioned scientific principles.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an apparatus which will indicate the presence of inflammable vapors without causing the entire combustion of all such vapors present.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the entire an electrical circuit employed
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the Wheatstone bridge.
  • reference letters a, b, c, and d, in Figures 1 and 2 are four platinum wires connected in the form of a common Wheatstone bridge, the segments 22 and d being open and uninsulated while a and c are inclosed in an airtight thin copper tube 10.
  • the four platinum segments are heated to a constant dull redcolor by means of a battery 12 and resistance such as an electric light bulb 13; the current being supplied at the juncture of the one unencased segment d and one encased segment a-the current juncture of the other two segments.
  • the walls of the copper tube 10 are so thin that the temperature of the atmosphere surrounding the segments encased is, under normal conditions, the same as that surrounding the unencased segments.
  • a catalytic action is set up between the vapor and the air, and the vapor is burned with fiameless combustion on the surface of the wires.
  • these wires may be introduced into an atmosphere charged with inflammable vapors and as stated only that portion of the vapors which come in contact with the exposed wire will 60 be oxidized.
  • a relay is connected across the bridge at the points ab and do and with the change in potential of the bridge the current passes through this relay, which actuates a magnet 14 and thereby closes an auxiliary indicating circuit containing some sort of indicating device herein shown as a bell 15 and a red light 16.
  • this invention is not limited to the use of platinum wires in the Wheatstone bridge as other metals react the same as platinum when introduced into the presence of combustible vapors.
  • a catalytic detector device comprising a support, four catalytic segments connected in the form of a Wheatstone bridge, a casing having a relatively high heat conductivity for hermetically enclosing two of said segments that are oppositely disposed, and for rapidly transmitting external temperature changes to said enclosed segments.
  • a catalytic detector device comprising a support, four catalytic segments, a casing having a relatively high heat conductivity for hermetically inclosing two of said segments, and ior rapidly transmitting external temperature changes to said inclosed segments.

Description

April 1934- G. P. LUCKEY EI'IAL 1,953,244
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE DETECTION OF COMBUSTION VAPORS Original Filed Oct. 1925 IN VEN TOR-S Gear m2 F? Luckey. Elbr/dye F Bacon.
Patented Apr. 3, 1934 PATENT OFFICE METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE DETEC- TION OF COMBUSTION VAPORS George P. Luckey, Lancaster, Pa., and Elbridge F. Bacon, 'Flint, Mich.
Original application October 8, 1925, Serial No.
Divided and this application March 25, 1930, Serial No. 438,888
2 Claims.
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for the detection of inflammable gases or vapors by utilizing two scientific principles; the first that of the Wheatstone bridge, and second 5 that of the catalytic action of platinum wire on inflammable gases.
The object of this invention is to provide an indicator device which will indicate the presence of these inflammable gases, which device is actuated bythe application of the above two mentioned scientific principles.
A further object of this invention is to provide an apparatus which will indicate the presence of inflammable vapors without causing the entire combustion of all such vapors present.
Other and more specific objects of this invention will appear from the accompanying specification and in the drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the entire an electrical circuit employed, and
Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the Wheatstone bridge.
Describing the drawing more in detail, reference letters a, b, c, and d, in Figures 1 and 2 are four platinum wires connected in the form of a common Wheatstone bridge, the segments 22 and d being open and uninsulated while a and c are inclosed in an airtight thin copper tube 10. 'The four platinum segments are heated to a constant dull redcolor by means of a battery 12 and resistance such as an electric light bulb 13; the current being supplied at the juncture of the one unencased segment d and one encased segment a-the current juncture of the other two segments. The walls of the copper tube 10 are so thin that the temperature of the atmosphere surrounding the segments encased is, under normal conditions, the same as that surrounding the unencased segments. However, when the exposed platinum segments come in contact with a combustible vapor a catalytic action is set up between the vapor and the air, and the vapor is burned with fiameless combustion on the surface of the wires. Thus these wires may be introduced into an atmosphere charged with inflammable vapors and as stated only that portion of the vapors which come in contact with the exposed wire will 60 be oxidized.
This flameless combustion greatly increases th temperature of the wire and consequently increases the resistance, thereby throwing the bridge out of balance. A relay is connected across the bridge at the points ab and do and with the change in potential of the bridge the current passes through this relay, which actuates a magnet 14 and thereby closes an auxiliary indicating circuit containing some sort of indicating device herein shown as a bell 15 and a red light 16.
It is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the use of platinum wires in the Wheatstone bridge as other metals react the same as platinum when introduced into the presence of combustible vapors.
This application is a divisional application of applicants copending application, Serial No. 61,218, filed October 8, 1925, by George P. Luckey and E. F. Bacon, entitled Method and apparatus for the detection of combustion vapors.
We claim:
1. A catalytic detector device comprising a support, four catalytic segments connected in the form of a Wheatstone bridge, a casing having a relatively high heat conductivity for hermetically enclosing two of said segments that are oppositely disposed, and for rapidly transmitting external temperature changes to said enclosed segments.
2. A catalytic detector device comprising a support, four catalytic segments, a casing having a relatively high heat conductivity for hermetically inclosing two of said segments, and ior rapidly transmitting external temperature changes to said inclosed segments.
GEORGE P. LUCKEY. ELBRIDGE F. BACON.
US438888A 1925-10-08 1930-03-25 Method and apparatus for the detection of combustion vapors Expired - Lifetime US1953244A (en)

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US438888A US1953244A (en) 1925-10-08 1930-03-25 Method and apparatus for the detection of combustion vapors

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US6121825A 1925-10-08 1925-10-08
US438888A US1953244A (en) 1925-10-08 1930-03-25 Method and apparatus for the detection of combustion vapors

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441677A (en) * 1945-04-11 1948-05-18 Sam Abrams Detecting and indicating system for explosive gases
US2465377A (en) * 1938-11-24 1949-03-29 Banque Pour Entpr S Electr Gas-sensing control means with gas-discharge device
US2531958A (en) * 1942-12-18 1950-11-28 Stewart Warner Corp Protective device for fuel lines or the like
US2532214A (en) * 1946-02-09 1950-11-28 Jabez Burns & Sons Inc Protective apparatus for combustion systems
US2533339A (en) * 1946-06-22 1950-12-12 Jabez Burns & Sons Inc Flammable vapor protection
US2666105A (en) * 1948-08-10 1954-01-12 Menozzi Giuseppe Apparatus for signaling the escape of illuminating gas and other similar combustiblegases
US2848657A (en) * 1953-10-20 1958-08-19 Stewart Warner Corp Overheat safety device
US3147465A (en) * 1960-12-27 1964-09-01 Mine Safety Appliances Co Methane alarm and control system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2465377A (en) * 1938-11-24 1949-03-29 Banque Pour Entpr S Electr Gas-sensing control means with gas-discharge device
US2531958A (en) * 1942-12-18 1950-11-28 Stewart Warner Corp Protective device for fuel lines or the like
US2441677A (en) * 1945-04-11 1948-05-18 Sam Abrams Detecting and indicating system for explosive gases
US2532214A (en) * 1946-02-09 1950-11-28 Jabez Burns & Sons Inc Protective apparatus for combustion systems
US2533339A (en) * 1946-06-22 1950-12-12 Jabez Burns & Sons Inc Flammable vapor protection
US2666105A (en) * 1948-08-10 1954-01-12 Menozzi Giuseppe Apparatus for signaling the escape of illuminating gas and other similar combustiblegases
US2848657A (en) * 1953-10-20 1958-08-19 Stewart Warner Corp Overheat safety device
US3147465A (en) * 1960-12-27 1964-09-01 Mine Safety Appliances Co Methane alarm and control system

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