US1943240A

US1943240A - Magnetic interrupter

Info

Publication number: US1943240A
Application number: US635057A
Authority: US
Inventors: William P Lear; Marvin E Nulsen
Original assignee: PR Mallory and Co Inc
Current assignee: Duracell Inc USA
Priority date: 1932-09-27
Filing date: 1932-09-27
Publication date: 1934-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 1951-01-09
Also published as: GB431137A; NL38904C

Description

Jan. 9, 1934. w. Pf' E-AR Er AL 1,943,240

MAGNETIC INTERRUPTER F1164 sept. 27, 1952 2 sheets-sheet 1 :QW @l 4 4 /0 l U1 .L E

24 `HW" Z4 Z5 25g 30 /0 v In,

/ze n /Z z3 M |l zg 1|.Hmw' 7 Z5 v i 2a 1- 32 E11Wh i; z2-l av 3/ I ,0: L lsz /9 l"l /9 /8 Z0 ZZ Z0 11- 24 l5 2/ /7 Y i /Z /3 l a 2% /5 1 A ,im W9 l Q fd-/RFORS ATTORNEYS Patented Jan. 9, 1934 UNITED STATES 4PATENT *OFFICE MAGNETIC INTERRUPTEB.

Application September 27, 1932 Serial No. 635,057

8 Claims.

This invention relates to mechanical interrupter unitsfor electrical circuits a-ndl more particularly, to such devices of the magnetic type adapted rapidly to make and break electrical circuits such as that of a potential changer.

A general object of the present invention is the provision of such a device which is quiet, steady and efllcient in operation, can be readily duplicated in commercial production, and which is designed to eliminate the transfer therefrom of high potential disturbances and interference effacts, shielded to reduce electro-magnetic and electro-static disturbances set up by the operation thereof and is constructed so as to be readily removable as a unit from any circuit in which it is used.

More specific objects of the invention are the provision ina potential changer of such a device formed as a removable unit to allow ready substitution of this unit so that continuous operation of the potential changer may be had while the necessary adjustments or replacements are being made in the interrupter unit, this removable feature being secured by the use of a prong base adapted to cooperate with receptive jacks in the circuit of the potential changer; the provision of a sound isolating casing for the inter- Nul rupter unit providing a resilient mount for the in` terrupter unit which cooperates with flexible circuit terminals between the interrupter unit and the prong base to prevent the transfer of mechanical vibration and noise to and from the interrupter unit and the use of inertia means on the frame of the interrupter unit such as masses of metal of high specific gravity to steady the mechanical operation in the reed system thereof; the provision of a metallic case, preferably adapted to be grounded and formed preferably from a materia] having good electrical conductivity and high magnetic permeability, to prevent the transfer of disturbance effects from the interrupter unit to the circuit of the potential changer attributable to high frequency potentials set up by the recurrent arcing and sparking of the contact points and the operation of the magnetic interrupter as a whole which is a potential radiator of electro-magnetic and electro-static disturbances.

Another object of the invention is the provision in such a removable unit of a capacitor unit shunted around all of the circuit elements of the interrupter, a resistor yunit bridged across the contact points and another capacitor unit bridged across the contact points, the capacitor units preferably being encased in a container adapted to 65 be secured to the base of the interrupter to serve as a mass to steady the mechanical operation in the reed system, the capacitor unit and the resistor unit being enclosed within the casing of the removable unit to allow the use of relatively short and heavy leads thereto and to cause the metallic casing of the removable unit to act as a metallic shield for the capacitor units.

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts, which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth and the scope of the application which will be indicated in the claims.

For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in con nection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a front elevational view with parts in section of areinovable unit of the present invention provided with a sound isolating casing and a metallic case enclosing a magnetic interrupter;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view with parts in section of the removable unit depicted in Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view, with parts broken away, taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4--4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a front elevational view with parts in section of a modified form of the removable unit depicted in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4;

Fig. 6 is a side elevational view with parts in section of the removable unit depicted in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on line '7 7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the removable unit depicted in Figs. 5, 6 and '7.

The usual magnetic nterrupters are characterized by structures of low efliciency due to transfer of mechanical vibration and noise to and from the interrupter unit, unsteady mechanical operaition of the reed arm thereof, and transfer of disturbance eiects from the interrupter unit to the 100 circuit of potential changers attributable to high frequency potentials set up by the recurrent arcing and sparking of the contact points and the operation of the magnetic interrupter as a whole which is a potential radiator of electro-magnetic 105 and electro-static disturbances, all of which are undesirable when such a device is to be used in the circuit of a potential changer such, for example, as a device for changing low potential direct current to direct current of high poten- 110 tials suitable for use as the B supply of a radio receiver disclosed and described in the copending application of William P. Lear, Marvin E. Nulsen and Raymond S. Yoder, Serial No. 635,056 led September 27, 1932, and assigned to the same assignee.

The present invention eliminates these and other difficulties of the prior art, particularly in potential changer devices referred to above wherein such a mechanical interrupter is used in the primary circuit to make and break periodically the iiow of direct current through the primary of a transformer so that an alternating current of desired potential will be set up in the secondary of the transformer which alternating current can then be delivered to any desired device or rectified and filtered to supply direct currents of any desired potentials different from the potential of the direct current source of the primary circuit.

Referring to the drawings, and, more particularly, to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 wherein is depicted a removable mechanical interrupter unit 10. This unit is provided with a metallic base member 1l having a hole therein over which is secured a sheet of insulating material 12 secured to the base member 11 by any suitable means, such as rivets 13. The sheet of insulating material 12 is provided 'with

circuit terminal prongs

14, 15, 1 and 17, prong 14 being connected to the wire 18, prong 15 being connected to the wire 19, prong 16 being connected to the Wire 20 and prong 17 being connected to a wire 21 soldered to the metallic base 11 as depicted in Fig. 3.

A layer of resilient material 22, preferably of sponge rubber, is positioned on the base 11 and a casing 23 of sound isolating material, preferably sponge rubber, is fitted over the interrupter device to cooperate with the resilient layer 22 to form a sound isolating enclosure for the interrupter, the

wires

18, 19 and 20 are preferably formed from flexible stranded cable to minimize mechanical transmission of vibration to and from the enclosed interrupter device.

The relatively stationary structure of the interrupter device must be given sufficient inertia to steady the mechanical oscillation of the reed system since the interrupter device has been provided with a resilient mount. This inertia may be obtained by making the frame or the supports thereof, or the magnetic coil of sufficient size and weight to obtain the desired mass but is preferably obtained by securing to the frame masses of metal of high specic gravity such as lead. These masses may be provided in the form of spiders 24-24 secured at opposite ends to a frame 25 of the magnetic interrupter and shaped to insure a proper positioning o the interrupter device within the casing 23 as depicted in Figs. 1 and 2 and, more particularly, in Fig. 4.

The enclosed interrupter unit is preferably provided with a case 26 formed from metallic material preferably a metallic material having good electrical conductivity and high magnetic permeability, such as pure iron, to form with the base 11 of similar material a grounded shield to avoid the transfer from the interruptor unit to portions of the circuit in which this unit is connected of disturbance eects, the interrupter unit including the electro-magnetic coil being a potential radiator of electro-magnetic and electro-static disturbances. The grounding of the metallic case 26 is obtained by grounding the receptive jack adapted to receive the prong 17.

In the magnetic interrupter an auxiliary reed 27 is shown carrying one circuit contact point 28 to cooperate with another circuit contact point 29 mounted upon a vibratory reed 30. The vibratory reed 30 is mounted directly upon the base 25 as shown, while the auxiliary reed 27 is mounted upon the support 3l suitably insulated from the base 25. The wire 18 is directly connected to the base 25. The wire 19 is connected to one end of a magnetic coil 32, the other end of which is connected by a wire 33 to the auxiliary reed support 3l. The wire 20 is directly connected to auxiliary reed support 3l so that suitable means are provided for bridging a resistor and a capacitor unit across the

circuit contact points

28 and 29 by connecting them between the prong receptive jack for the prong 14 and the prong receptive jack for the prong 16` An additional capacitor unit may be shunted around all of the elements of the interruptor unit by connecting it between the prong receptive jack for the prong 14 and the prong receptive jack for the prong l5. These features and the circuit are more completely described in the copending application referred to above since it constitutes subject matter forming a part of the invention claimed therein.

A modified form of the removable interrupter unit is depicted in Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8. In this form the above referred to shunted capacitor unit for all of the elements of the interrupter and the bridged resistor unit and capacitor unit for the

circuit contact points

28 and 29 are enclosed within the sound isolating casing 23 and the metallic case 26. The base 34 of the metallic case 26 is provided with a portion 35 forming a side of the metallic case as depicted in Figs. 6 and 8 and holes are provided in the portion 35 over which is fitted the sheet of insulating material l2. The portion 35 is additionally provided with ears 36-36 to aid in anchoring this removable unit. The metallic base 34 is provided with a cup-shaped resilient member 37 preferably of sponge rubber adapted to cooperate with the sound isolating casing 23. The

resilient members

37 and 23 serve as sponge rubber elements between the metallic case 61 and the vibratory interrupter unit to position the latter within the case 61 and to prevent transfer thereto of vibration from the vibratory interrupter unit.

The container 38 carries a shunted capacitor unit for all of the interrupter elements and a bridged capacitor unit for the circuit contact points, the shunted capacitor unit being provided with relatively short

heavy leads

39 and 40, the lead 39 being connected to the wire 19 which is connected to the prong I5, the lead 40 being secured to the frame 25 with the wire 18 which is connected to the prong 14'. The bridged capacitor unit is connected by short

heavy leads

41 and 42 to the auxiliary reed support 31 and to the frame 25 respectively. A resistor unit 43 is bridged across the

circuit contact points

28 and 29 by connecting the respective ends thereof to the auxiliary reed support 31 and to the frame 25.

The capacitor units in the container 38 are 1 as possible to the elements of the magnetic interrupter thereby improving the eillciency of the elimination of the disturbances set up by the operation of the magnetic interrupter. This eiliciency is further improved by the electrostatic and magnetic shield formed by the metallic case 26 grounded in any desired manner. In additionthe capacitor units together with the container 38 perform the functions of the inertia and centering spider 24 of the first modification.

It will thus be seen that the device of the present invention efficiently attains the objects set forth above.

Since certain changes may be made in the above construction and different embodiments of the invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. In a potential changer operated with a direct current source as the B'T supply of an automobile radio, an article of manufacture consisting of a removable mechanical interrupter unit comprising a base of iron having prongs insulated therefrom and adapted to cooperate with receptive jacks in the electrical circuit of the potential changer, a magnetic interrupter electrically connected to the prongs of said base, a layer of resilient material interposed between said magnetic interrupter and said base, a sound isolating casing to cooperate with said layer of resilient material to form a substantially sound-proof enclosure for said interrupter, spiders of metal of high specific gravity secured to the ends of the frame structure of said interrupter to center said interrupter in said c asing and to steady the mechanical oscillation of the reed system thereof, and a case of iron to cooperate with said base to form an enclosing iron case for said magnetic interrupter.

2. In a potential changer operated with a direct current source as the B supply of an automobile radio, an article of manufacture consisting of a removable mechanicalinterrupter unit comprising a base of iron having prongs insulated therefrom and adapted to cooperate with receptive jacks in the electrical circuit of the potential changer, an enclosed magnetic interrupter having inertia means on the relatively stationary structure thereof, resilient means interposed between said magnetic interrupter and said base, a sound isolating casing to cooperate with said resilient means to form a substantially sound proof enclosure for said interrupter, flexible electrical connections between said magnetic interrupter and the prongs of said base to cooperate with said resilient means to prevent the transmission of mechanical vibration and noise to and from said interrupter unit, and a case of iron to cooperate with said base to form an enclosing iron case for said magnetic interrupter.

3. In a potential changer adapted for use with a direct current source as the 13" supply of an automobile radio, an article of manufacture consisting of a mechanical interrupter unit comprising a magnetic vibratory interrupter including a mass of metal of high specific gravity to steady the mechanical oscillations thereof, an iron case enclosing said vibratory interrupter, and sponge rubber elements between said iron case and said vvibratory interrupter cooperating with said mass and said case to position said vibratory interrupter within said case and to prevent transfer of vibrations from said vibratory interrupter to said iron case.

4. In a potential changer adapted for use with a direct current source as the B supply of an automobile radio, an article of manufacture consisting of a mechanical interrupter unit comprising a magnetic interrupter, a sound isolating casing surrounding said magnetic interrupter, and a grounded case of metallic material having good electrical conductivity and high magnetic permeability encl-osing said sound isolated magnetic interrupter. l

5. In a potential changer adapted for use with a direct current source as the "B supply of an automobile radio, an article of manufacture consisting of a mechanical interrupter unit comprising a magnetic interrupter, a casing of sponge rubber surrounding said magnetic interrupter, and a grounded iron case enclosing said rubber encased magnetic interrupter.

6. In a potential changer adapted for use with a direct current source as the B" supply of an automobile radio, an article of manufacture consisting of a removable mechanical interrupter unit comprising a magnetic interrupter, a sound isolating casing surrounding said magnetic interrupter, a metallic case enclosing said sound isolated magnetic interrupter, and a prong base forming a portion of said metallic case and adapted to cooperate with receptive jacks in the electrical circuit of the potential changer to connect therein said magnetic interrupter electrically connected to the prongs of said base.

'7. In a potential changer adapted for use with a direct current source as the B supply of an automobile radio, an article of manufacture consisting of a removable mechanical interrupter unit comprising a magnetic interrupter, a casing of sponge rubber surrounding said magnetic interrupter, a grounded -iron case enclosing said rubber encased magnetic interrupter, and a prong base forming a portion of said metallic case and adapted to cooperate with receptive jacks in the electrical circuit of the potential changer to connect therein said magnetic interrupter electrically connected to the prongs of said base.

8. In a potential changer adapted for use with a direct current source as the B supply of an automobile radio, an article of manufacture consisting of a removable mechanical interrupter unit comprising a base of iron having prongs insulated therefrom and adapted to cooperate with receptive jacks in the electrical circuit of the potential changer, a magnetic interrupter electrically connected to the prongs of said base, a sound isolating casing surrounding said magnetic interrupter, and a case of iron adapted to cooperate with said iron base and a prong of said base to form a grounded case of good electrical conductivity .and high magneticl permeability about said sound isolated magnetic interrupter, said unit including a mass of metal of high specific gravity to steady the mechanical oscillations of the reed system thereof.

WILLIAM P. LEAR.

MARVIN E. NULSEN.