US1936635A - Kiln lining - Google Patents

Description

H. 5. LEE

KILN LINING Nov. 28, 1933.

Filed March 24, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. Harry 5. L ee ATTORNEYS.

H. 5. LEE

KILN LI-NING Nov. 28; 1933'.

Filed March 24, 1932 2 sheets-Shae; 2

INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS,

Patented Nov. 28, 1933 I e e UNITED STATES-PATENT OFFICE KILN LINING Harry S. Lee, Detroit, Mich. I Application March 24,1932. Serial 1%. 600,945

8 laims, (01. 222-4) My invention'relates to cement kilns and has tions held in spaced relation to the shellare particular reference toan improved heat insualignment along the length of the kiln, and in lating lining therefor. some instances around the. circumference also.

An object of the invention is to secure greater This is particularlydesirable in View of the I efficiency in cement kiln operation by more effecfact that another object of my invention isthe tively and completely insulating the interior of provision of an entirely, novel means ofposition the kiln in which thematerial is burned from ing the insulating material between thebricks the exterior shell. In this way the losses through and the shell, to wit, the pumping thereof into radiation of the heat transferred to the kiln shell the contiguous passages described above. I

were substantially reduced and of necessity the Various other meritorious-features of the inven- 65 consumption of fuel per unit of finished product tion will be apparent from the followingdescriD- from thekilnis decreased. tion taken in conjunction with the drawings More particularly, an object of the invention wherein like numerals refer to like parts through .is to provide a lining built up of fire bricks so out the several figures and wherein:

molded that the major portion of the interior Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the kiln. 70 of the kiln shell may be lined with some con- Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the kiln partly ventional type of insulating material such as kiebroken away and in section, V sel-guhr or diatomaceous earth. Hitherto it Fig. 3 is an'enlarged elevation similar to Fig. 1,.

, has been customary to provide a ring of solid partly broken away and in section,

fire brick lining at each end of the kiln ofma Fig. 4 is a detail of one type of improved lining 75 width varying from four to eight feet and then block, lining approximately the same length of kiln with Fig. 5 illustrates a block through which insulat insulating material over which fire brick blocks, ing material may be injected. V

- .of less depth than that of which the end rings Fig. 6 is a modified form of the block illustrated are composed, are positioned. The portions 'of inFig. 5, 1

the kiln length thus insulated were alternated Fig.7 is a longitudinal section illustrating the with rings substantially like the end rings for the use of the block shown in Fig. 6, purpose of retaining the assembly properlypo- Fig. 8 is an elevation, partly in section, ofthe sitioned and the interior of the kiln so lined was, assembly shown in section in Fig. '7, V I

*of course, flush throughout its length. However, Fig. 9 illustrates the modified form of block' so lining the kiln provided but a relatively small shown'in Fig. 8, a area, insulated other than with the fire brick, Fig. 10 is another modified form, of block. because of the fact that but a relatively small Fig. 11 is an elevation partly in sectionilluslength of kiln shell could be lined continuously trating the use of'the block illustratedin Fig. 12,

therein without the interpositioning of a ring of Fig. 12 illustrates another 'modifled form of 90 plain fire bricks. This limitation to the insulated block. area resulted from inability to firmly position the Fig. '13 is a longitudinal section of the assembly blocks which were laid over the insulating mateshown in Fig. 11. p rial placed next to the kiln' shell by any means. Referring now to the'drawings, the numeral 10' 40 other than the alternating rings of. full depth indicates the shell of the kiln. Figs. 1-5 disclose 95 bricks which were securely positioned bycement a single form of lining which is comprised of adto the kiln shell itself. jacent rings formed of blocks 12 similar to that.

My invention contemplates the provision of inillustrated in Fig. 4.- It will be noted that each dividual blocks each including what may be reof these blocks'includes a foot portion 14 whichgarded as a foot portion adapted to contact is adapted to seat upon the interior ofthekiln the interior of the kiln shell and a spaced porshell 10 and a cut away portion 16. The sides of tion for the retention of insulating material bethe block are each provided with stepped portween the block and the kiln. The contacting tions 18 and 20 which assist in positioning the foot portion or feet portion in some modified blocks when laid. In each ring one blcckZZ of structures, is relatively small and the major porthe type illustrated in Fig. 5 is included. This tion of that face of the brick adapted to lie diblock includes the stepped portions .18 and 20but rectly adjacent the kiln shell is spaced from the in lieu of the cut away portion 16 there is an said shell, thereby permitting insulation of the aperture 24 extending from the innerface of the major portion of each brick from said shel block through the major depth thereof and open- These bricks are so constructed that the por-" ing on the side of the block at a point positioned 1 0 ing radially into the assembled lining, this operation.

in the same location as is the cut away portion 16 of the blocks 12.

As indicated in Fig. 2, the blocks 22 are circumferentially offset a distance of one block in each succeeding ring.

In the formation of the lining the blocks are all laid as indicated and insulating material of any desirable type such as the diatomaceous earth above mentioned is pumped into the apertures 24. Inasmuch as a block 22 is positioned along each axial row of lining bricks at regular intervals the insulating material pumped into each of the apertures 24 will be forced down into the passageway adjacent the kiln shell 10 and therealong until it reaches the dead end provided by the next ensuing block 22. Inasmuch as theforce with which the insulating material may be pumped through the opening 24 is limited it has been found advisable to utilize one block 22 of the type illustrated in Fig. 2 about every ten axially aligned blocks.

It will thus be apparent that approximately of the kiln shell is lined with insulating material, inasmuch as this approximate percentage ofthe outer surface of .each block is provided with the cut away portion 16 into which the insulating material is pumped. Furthermore, each ofthe blocks 12 is provided with a foot portion which serves to more firmly position it in its proper place and there is no necessity for utilizing alternating rings of solid blocks adhering to the interior surface of the shell to position the other blocks which overlie the insulating material. Each block is positioned and each block is insulated.

In order to insure the complete fillingof the passageways provided by the cut away portions of the lining bricks, it has been found advantageous to pump the insulating material in at one end while applying suction to the other end of the passage.

Certain modified forms of blocks analogous to block 12 shown in Fig. 4 have also been found to possess certain advantages. These features are illustrated on sheet 2 of the drawings wherein two modified forms of blocks 26 and 28 have been illustrated in Figs. 9 and 12 respectively. The block 26 includes a pair of oppositely disposed feet 29 and 30 adapted to seat against the interior surface of the kiln shell, the cut away portion 'therebetween providing an arched passageway 32 adapted to receive the insulating material.

Block 28 is provided with fourlegs 35 adapted to seat upon the interior of the kiln shell and it will be apparent that these blocks when laid provide passageways 34 and 36 est-ending in right angled directions. The form illustrated in Fig. 12, block 28, provides a maximum space adapted to receive insulating material and it will be apparent that such material will spread over almost the entire interior surface of the kiln shell when injected from all of the available injection points.

Fig. 6 illustrates a block 38 adapted for us I in conjunction with block 12 and is a substitute 'for block 22 when it is desired to suck the insulating material from one end of the passageway while pumping it through the other. The oppositely directed passageways 40 and 42, each openpermit Block 44 illustrated in Fig. 10 is utilized in conjunction with blocks 26 or 28 and permits both pumping and sucking simultaneously. In all instances it will be noted that the injection blocks constitute dead ends which limit the flow of the insulating material during the pumping and sucking operation. Fig. 11 illustrates an assembly utilizing blocks 28 in conjunction with blocks 44 while Fig. 8 illustrates an assembly utilizing blocks 26 in combination with the same injection and dead end block 44.

While I have illustrated certain preferred forms and described certain preferred methods of securing this improved insulation of the kiln shell from the interior thereof, it is believed that the broad idea of providing individual blocks each having a foot portion to assist in positioning it within the kiln shell and forming a passageway adapted to receive insulating material injected from the interior of the kiln is novel and for that reason the invention is to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

By reason of the fact that the foot portion of each brick is in contact With the shell of the kiln sufficient heat passes through the brickand to the shell to' prevent the temperature of the brick becoming so great that rapid deterioration thereof results. In fact this heat bye-pass through each brick, so to speak, lengthens the useful life of the lining brick materially over that of the brick spaced from the kiln shell by insulating materiali What I claim is:

1. A lining block including an interior passageway extending from one end of said block along the major portion of its depth and opening through the side faceof said block adjacent the opposite end thereof. 7 i

2. A lining block having arcuate end faces and a pamageway extending from one arcuate nd face through the'block and terminating at one. side adjacent the opposite arcuate'faced end.

3. A kiln block includinga pair ofinteriorpassages extending from oneend of said'block. along the major portion of its depth and' open? ing in opposite directions into' the respective side faces 'offsaid block adjacent the opposite end thereof.

4. A kiln lining comprising a plurality of series of lining blocks, each block having a portion contacting the surface lined and'provided with' contiguous cut away 'portions'forming a passage between the major portion of the ,block and the surface lined, and a dead block at each extremity of each of said passage fonning series, each dead block, including an. opening .in the interior face of the block communicating with the passage. formed between the blocks and the surface lined. I

5. In a kiln, an outer shell, a liner of heat resisting blocks arranged in successive tiers over said shell, each tier provided with a plurality of independent groups of adjacent blocks similarly undercut adjacent to the shell providing a space extending along said tier underneath each group" of blocks, said groups of blocks separated from each other by partition blocks located at spaced intervals in the tier, and a passageway extend ingthrough each partition block from its outer surface to the space adjacent said undercut blocks. 7 v

6. In a kiln, an outer shell, a liner of blocks arrangedin successive tiers over the surface of the shell, certain adjacent, blocksin each tier being undercut providing a space between the said blocks and the shell, apaitition block in each tier separating adjacent groups of under-.

cut blocks and the spaces there underneath from spaces to the the several blocks in each group, each block in the group having an end portion resting upon the shell and arranged underneath a portion of an adjacent block, insulating material filling the space underneath each group of blocks, blocks separating the groups of undercut blocks from each other, said separating blocks provided with passageways extending therethrough from the outer surface thereof to the spaces underneath an adjacent group of blocks.

HARRY S. LEE.

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