US1933685A - Abrading tool - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 7, 1933.

3 Figlfi W. A. REED ABRADING TOOL Filed Nov. 15, 1929 Patented Nov. 7, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE ABRADING TOOL Application November 15, 1929 Serial No. 407,339

8 Claims.

This invention relates to abrading tools and .is herein disclosed as embodied in a wheel adapt- .ed for scouring lasts for shoes.

In the manufacture of lasts, the block of wood from which the last is to be formed is firstturned to the desiredshape in a lathe, and in order to obliterate all trace of the tool marks resulting from the turning operation and to impart a smooth finish to the last, the last is then sub- 10 jected to the action of a scouring wheel. An

abrasive of fine grit is employed upon the lastscouring wheel, and the last is pressed against the abrading surface of the wheel with considerable pressure. As the abrasive material becomes 5' somewhat dulled in use, the heavy pressure of the last against it results in a burnishing or a polishing eflect. In order to withstand the strain of the heavy pressure with which lasts are pressed against the scouring wheels in order to go obtain this burnishing effect, cloth is ordinarily to wrinkle so that under the pressure of the work creases are formed which cut through and destroy the cover before the abrasive material of the cover has been fully utilized, thereby shortening the period of usefulness of the abrasive cover.

An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned tendency to slackness in the abrasive covers employed upon scouring tools. I accomplish this by forming the tool in 40 two parts, namely, an innerbody member adapted to be driven and an outer body member rotatively mounted upon the inner body member and constructed and arranged to carry an abrasive cover, which abrasive cover has its ends secured to the inner and outer body members, re-

spectively, so that the drive of the inner member will be transmitted through the abrasive cover to the outer member. By reason of this arrangement there wfll be developed in the abrasive cover a tension which is effective in taking up slackness and in maintaining the abrasive cover taut and free'from wrinkles. In accordance with a feature of the invention, one of the two body members of the tool carries a means for temporarily locking together the body members to facilitate (Cl.v 51194) removal and replacement of the abrasive cover, In the illustrated tool the inner body member has a circular guideway concentric with the axis of the tool and slotted to receive an end of the abrasive cover, and the outer body member is annular in form with a circular slideengaging the guideway.

A further feature of the invention consists in the provision of a novel arrangement for clamping the abrasive cover. In the illustrated scouring tool, a clamping member is operated bya plunger, which in turn is reciprocated by the rotation of a cam which constitutes the bottom of a circumferential groove formed in a shaft journaled in a body member of the tool.

The invention further consists in various features of construction and combinations and arrangements or" parts herein shown and claimed, the advantages of which will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. l is a side view of a scouring wheel embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side view of the mecha- 30 nism for clamping the abrasive strip which surrounds the periphery of the wheel shown in Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional View taken on the line III-III of Fi l and looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevational view showing in detail the meansior securing one end of the abrasive strip shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The body of the illustrated scouring wheel consists of two members preferably both of metal and arran ed concentrically, the outer member being relatively movable with respect to the inner member about the axis of the wheel. The V inner member has a hub 19 which is adapted to be mounted upon a rotary shaft and to be secured thereto by any convenient means, such as a clamping nut (not shown) which is threaded on the shaft and which clamps the hub 10 against a collar on the shaft. Integral with the hub 10 is a radial web 14 having at its outer portion a flange 16 which is concentric with the hub 10. The flange 16 at one side has an annular recess 18. Upon the opposite side of the flange 16 is secured by screws ,20 an annular gib 22 which, together with the flange 16, forms a recess 24 similar but in opposite relation'to the recess 18. The recesses 18 and 24 together with the peripheral portion of the flange 16 between these recesses constitute an annular guideway for: an annular slide 26 which is a portion of the abovementioned outer member of the securing wheel. Integral with the slide 26 is a radial web 28 which carries a peripheral circular flange 30. As shown in Fig. 3, the flange 30 may be formed with a sur face which in cross-section has a convex curvature. The outer surface of the flange 30 is covered with a cushion of felt or like material 32, and upon the outer surface of the cushion 32 is mounted a cover 34 comprising a strip of abrasive-covered material, preferably fabric. An ad vantage of the above-described construction resides in the compactness resulting from the fact that the outer member of the wheel, which carries the abrasive cover, is mounted upon the inner or driven member at a position wholly within the width of the periphery of the outer memher. In other words, no space in a direction axial to the wheel is taken up in mounting the outer member upon the inner member.

In order to provide for securingthe abrasive cover 34 in position upon the periphery of the flange 30, the outer member of the scouring wheel is formed with a radial slot 36 which interrupts the continuity of the flange 36, the web 28 and the slide 26. A radial slot 38 is also formed in the inner member of the scouring wheel, interrupting the continuity of the flange 18 and extending inwardly into the web 14 but terminating a considerable distance from the hub 10. For securing one end of the abrasive cover 34 to the outer member of the scouring wheel, a pair of pins 39 (Fig. 4) are mounted in one of the radial walls of the slot 86 and extend toward the opposite wall for a short distance. A clamping member 40 comprising a spring plate of sheetmetal bent to form substantially a right angle is secured upon the inner periphery of the slot 26 by screws 41 at a point adjacent to the slot 36, the unattached portion of the clamping member 40 being positioned within the slot 36 and tending, by virtue of its own resilience, to clamp the end of the abrasive cover 34 against that face of the slot 36 from which the pins 39 extend, holes being provided in the clamping member 40 to accommodate the pins 39. The abrasive cover 34 is thus not only clamped by the clamping member 40 but is held positively against slipping by the pins 39. To provide for opening the free end of the clamping member 40 to permit an end of the abrasive cover 34 to be inserted over the pins 39, the outer member is bored to receive a plunger 42. A shaft 44 parallel to the hub 10 extends through the outer member and has formed in it a circumferential groove, the bottom of which groove is shaped to constitute a cam in the form of an eccentric 46 which is adapted to bear against an end of the plunger 42 and upon rotation of the shaft 44 to urge the plunger 42 outwardly to open the spring clamp 40. Rotation of the shaft 44 is accomplished by a short crank 48. The outer member of the securing wheel is provided with an opening 50 to permit insertion of the plunger 42 before the shaft 44 is inserted, after which the engagement of the end of the plunger 42 with the walls of the abovementioned circumferential groove in the shaft 44 serves to hold the shaft 44 from longitudinal movement. The opposite end of the abrasive cover 34 is secured to the inner member of the scouring wheel by means of a spring clamp 52 which is composed of resilient sheet-metal and which is secured to one wall of the slot 38 by screws 54. The above-mentioned wall of the slot 38 has a transverse groove 56, the spring clamp 52 being formed to enter the groove 56 and thereby to exert a considerably greater frictional grip upon the end of the abrasive strip 34 than would be the case if the strip 34 were to be clamped between a pair of fiat surfaces. The clamp plate 52, by virtue of its own resilience, tends to spring outwardly to unclamping position. It is urged toward clamping position'and maintained there by means of a plunger 58 which reciprocates in a bore formed in a boss 60 upon the web 14. A shaft 62 similar to the abovedescribed shaft 44 is journaled in the boss 60, the central portion of the shaft 62 being grooved oircumferentially, the bottom of the groove being shaped to constitute a cam in the form of an eccentric 64 which is adapted to bear against an end of the plunger 58. The shaft 62 is provided with a short crank 66 whereby rotation of the eccentric 64 may be effected to urge the plunger 58 to clamping position. An opening 68 is provided in the web 14 to permit insertion of the plunger 58 in assembling.

In order to maintain the slots 36 and 38 sub stantially in alinement preparatory to the se curing of th abrasive cover 34, a plunger 70 extending parallel to the axis of the hub 10 is accommodated for reciprocatory movement within a bore formed in a boss 72 upon the web 28. A spring 74 compressed between the base of the bore formed in the boss 72 and one end of the plunger '16 tends to urge the plunger '70 out- (105 wardly. The flange 16 carries an arcuate extension 16 which adjacent to one end thereof is bored to receive the outer end of the plunger '70, which thus locks the two members of the wheel together. For unlocking the two members, a Q10 plunger 78 is carried in the bore adjacent to one end of the extension 76, and on the outer end of the plunger 78 is a button 80 whereby, when the plunger 78 is brought into alinement with the plunger 70, pressure upon the button 80 serves to 115 push the plunger 70 out of the bore formed in the extension 76, thereby permitting relative rotation between the inner and outer members of the scouring wheel. The inner face of the arcuate extension 76 serves to maintain the plunger 70 {129 depressed during relative rotary displacement be tween the inner and outer members of the wheel.

As shown in Fig. 3, the plunger 76 has a neck 82 of reduced diameter, the extension 76 being counterbored to accommodate the neck 82 and (13.3 thereby preventing the plunger 76 from being forced out by the spring '74. A balance weight 77 is employed to counteract the centrifugal effect of the extension 76 and thereby to assure smooth running of the wheel at high speeds.

- In order to provide initial tension for the abrading strip 34, a spring 84 is provided. One end of the spring 84 is hooked into the opening 50 of the outer member of the wheel while the opposite end is hooked to an abutment 86 upon the flange 135 16 of the inner member. The spring 84, which in the illustrated scouring wheel is a helical tension spring, extends circumferentially over an arc of 90 or more, and its tension tends to rotate the outer member in a clockwise direction, as 1'49 viewed in Fig. l, with respect to the inner member and thereby to tension the abrasive strip 34.

Prior to operation, assuming the inner and outer members of the scouring wheel to be locked by the plunger '70 and the wheel to be stationary, 145 an abrasive cover 34 is applied to the periphery of the cushion 32 by first inserting one end of the abrasive cover 34 into the slot 36 between the spring clamp 40 and the pins 39. The crank 48 is then turned to permit the spring 40 to press 150 the abrasive cover down upon the pins 39 which pierce the abrasive cover and hold it positively. The cover 34 is then stretch d tightly by hand around the periphery of the cushion 32, and its opposite end is inserted into the recess 36 and also into the recess 33 and between the spring clamp 52 and the wall of the recess 38. The crank 66 is then turned to urge the plunger 58 against the clamp 52 to holdthe latter firmly in clamping position. The button is then depressed to permit relative rotation of the inner and outer members of the abrading wheel, and the operator, aided by the tension of the spring 84, rotates the outer member of the abrading wheel in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, relatively to the inner member to take up whatever remaining slack there may be in the abrading cover 34. The wheel is now ready for operation. The shaft upon which the wheel is mounted is driven in the direction of the arrows shown in Figs. 1 and 2, that is, in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in these figures.

After rotation of the wheel has been started, the pressure of work against the abrading surface of the cover 34 will create a drag which will tend to stretch the abrading cover between the point at which the work bears upon it and the end which is secured to the outer member of the wheel by the clamp 40. This drag or tension in the abrading cover 34 will tend to rotate the outer member relatively to the inner member in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2, and will be assisted by the spring 84 in taking up whatever slack or looseness might be caused in the cover 34 in advance of the point of application of the work.

Having described my application, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:-

l. A rotary scouring tool comprising an inner body member adapted to be driven, an outer body member mounted upon said inner member for relative rotation with respect thereto about the axis of the tool, said outer member being constructed and arranged to carry abrasive cover, means for securing the ends of the abrasive cover to said members respectively, and means carried by one of said body members for temporarily locking together said inner and outer body members to facilitate removal and replacement of the abrasive cover.

2. A scouring wheel. comprising an inner body member adapted to be driven and having a circular guideway concentric with the axis of the wheel, an annular outer body member adapted to carry an abrasive cover and having a circular slide engaging said guideway, and means for securing the ends of the abrasive cover to said members respectively, said guideway having a slot formed therein to receive one of the ends of the abrasive cover.

3. A scouring tool comprising a body member, a clamping member constructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said body member, a shaft having a circumferential groove journaled in said body member, the bottom of said groove being shaped to constitute a cam, a plunger guided for reciprocatory movement in said body member, t e ends of said plunger engaging said clamping member and the bottom of said groove respectively, and means for rotating said shaft to cause said plunger to operate said clamping member.

4. A scouring tool comprising a body member, a clamping member constructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said body member, resilient means tending to urge said clamping member away from said body member to permit removal and replacement of the abrasive cover, a plunger guided for recipricatory movement in said body member and'having one end in engagement with said clamping member, and means for operating said plunger to move said clamping member into and to maintain said clamping member in clamping position'with respect to said body member.

5. A scouring tool comprising a body member, a clamping member constructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said body member, said clamping member being composed of resilient material and being arranged under the stress of its own resilience normally to assume an unclamping position to permit the removal and replacement of the abrasive cover, a plunger mounted in said body member, and means carried by said body member for reciprocating said plunger against said clamping member to cause said clamping member to clamp an abrasive cover against said body member.

6.'A scouring wheel comprising a wheel body member, a clamping member constructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said body member, resilient means tending to urge said clamping member to clamping position, a plunger guided for reciprocatory movement in said body member and having one end in engagement with said clamping member, and means for operating said plunger to move said clamping member away from said body member to unclamp the abrasive cover to permit removal and replacement of the abrasive cover.

7. A scouring tool comprising a body member, a clamping member composed of resilient material constructed and arranged to clamp an abrasive cover against said body member under the stress of its own resilience, a plunger mounted in said body member, and means carried by said body member for reciprocating said plunger against said clamping member for unclamping said clamping member to permit the removal and the replacement of the abrasive cover.

8. A scouring tool comprising an inner rotary member having a hub adapted to be secured upon a driven shaft, said rotary member having also a web extending outwardly from said hub and having a peripheral flange surrounding said web and said flange being constructed and arranged to constitute a circular guideway concentric with said hub, an outer annular member adapted tosupport an abrasive cover, said annular member being slidably mounted in said guideway for relative rotation about the axis of said hub and.

having an opening to receive both ends of the abrasive cover which it is. adapted to support, means for securing one end of the abrasive cover to said outer annular member, said inner rotary member having formed therein a recess for receiving the other end of the abrasive cover, and means positioned within said recess for securing said other end of the abrasive cover to said inner rotary member, whereby the rotation of said inner member will be transmittedthrough the abrasive cover to said outer member and the frictional drag of work being scoured will tension the abrasive cover.

WILLIAM A. REED.

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