US1928862A - Locomotive boiler - Google Patents

Description

0d 3, 1933- J. c. MARTIN, JR

LocoMoTIvE BOILE'R Filed May 9, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet l 63m c; @Wr

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LOCOMOTIVE BOILER -Filed May 9. 1932 s sheets-sheet 2 TIG. 5. l 25 Oct. 3, 1933. J. c. MARTIN, JR 1,928,862

LOCOMOTIVE BOILER Filed May 9. 1932 3 Sheets-SheetI 3 jlg.11 jg. 1,3. c l? 2 44 zd@ 4,4 f

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Jesse /larzfz, J1:

Patented Oct. 3, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT-OFFICE g;

Y 1,928,862 v LoCoMo'rIvE BoILnR Y Jesse C. Martin, Jr., Los Angeles, Calif.

, Application May 9, 1932. Serial No. 610,207

14 claims. V(o1. 122-68) The hereinafter described invention relates to steam generating and water circulating elements as positioned between the rebox sheets of a locomotive boiler for the purpose of thermally pumpving or circulating water between thewater spaces surrounding the rebox and more particularly for the purpose of discharging steam and water over the top of the rebox crown sheet in keeping the crown sheet wetted as ameasure of safety against ,low water and destructive crown sheet failures.

Among the objects of my invention is the provision of a new `and novel form of steam generating water circulating element which has ends that telescope through openings in the rebox sheet and margins on the ends extending into the water space between the firebox sheet and the wrapper sheet surrounding the iirebox which provide means for staybolting the element ends to the Wrapper sheet in protecting the welded juncture between the element and the firebox sheet against tensile strains; the extended margins also providing water and/or steam and water ways therethrough into the said water space.

An object of my invention is to provide a steam generating water circulating tube with bridges spanning the tubular ends, which bridges are staybolted to the wrapper or shell sheet surrounding the rebox in supporting the tubular ends against tensile strains that would otherwise destroy the integrity of the welded sealY between the tubeA end and the opening in the rebox sheet through which it slips. f.

Another object of my invention is to provide a simple, eflicientA construction whereby a steam generating water circulating element can be installed between the sheets of a locomotive firebox by slipping or telescoping the ends ofthe element through openings cut inthe Viirebox sheets to t theirouter contour and staybolting its rim beyond the water side of the firebox sheet to the wrapper sheet of the firebox so that the welded bond sealing the walls of theelement to the opening in the rebox sheet will be protected by the strain-resisting ability ofV thev staybolts against cracking and failure, and furthermore so that the staybolts can be connected to the rim of the element andfrom outside the wrapper sheet of the iirebox through the present existing staybolt holes in reducing the cost of installation.

Another object of my invention is to provide a steam generating water circulating element welded to the sheets of a locomotive iirebox which has an end that telescopes through the crown sheet of theV rebox and provides a baffle on its rim which de'ects, checks,ror otherwise regulates the iiow of steam and water laterally out of theA element end over the crown sheet surface, thereby low water in the boiler, causing a more complete wetting of the crown sheet surface by the steam and water discharged through the baffled element end than would be possible through the open tubular end of the element.

A further object of my invention is to coni struct a steam generating Water circulating elef ment for connection to the sheets of a locomotive rebox in which I employ a tube circular in cross-section and squash or otherwise deform the circular cross-section of its ends into an elongated opening having walls which are substantially parallel beyond the point of deformation, thereby providing a new article of manufacture in a steaming and circulating tube in which a transition of the metal of the cylindrical tubular walls is made at the end of the tube into substantially parallel tubular walls having an elongated cross-section, giving to circular tubular elements the benefits and eiciencies to be derived from elongated ends at av materially reduced cost.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawings showing illustrative embodiments of the invention, and whereinr- Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section of a typical locomotive rebox wherein the improved steam generating and water circulating elements of my invention are shown;

Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of one formV of my improved element taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view of another form of my element taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective viewof the Figs. 8 and 9 are sections taken on lines 3-8 and 9--9, respectively, of Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of a locomotive type boiler of smaller size than that of Fig..

1, such as are used in the oil iields, in which a single round tubular element embodying the improvements of my invention is shown;

Fig. 11 is a detail broken sectional View showing a further modified form of thetop or crown sheet end of my improved tubular element in which a round tubular element end is .brought through the crown sheet of the irebox instead of an elongated tubular end as shown in Fig. 10; and

Fig. 12 is a sectional View taken on line 12--12 of Fig. 11.

In the drawings throughout all of the illustrative figures, numeral 10 denotes the side sheets of the firebox wherein the improved steaming and circulating elements of my invention are applied, numeral-11 the curved lower sheets of the firebox combustion chamber, numeral 12 the firebox throat sheet and numeral 13 the crown sheet of the flrebox. Numeral 14 denotes the wrapper or shell sheet surrounding the rebox between which and the Yflrebox sheets l0, 11, 12, and 13 the water spaces surrounding the firebox are formed in V:accordance with the established construction of firebox boilers.

In Fig. 1, typical elements of my improved construction are shown by numerals 15, 15a and Element 15 has staybolted tubular walls and is substantially uniform in cross-section from end to end. Element 15 as further shown in Fig. 5b is positioned adjacent the flue sheet of the flrebox in the extended portion of the flrebox or combustion chamber thereof and the bottom end of the element telescopically ts through the opening 16 made in the curved lower portion of the rebox combustion chamber sheet 11, while the upper end of element 15 telescopically fits through the opening 17 in the firebox crown sheet 13. In this application to the combustion chamber sheets of thefirebox, the element 15 is provided with aseparate bottom yend piece, which will be described later, -for the purpose of Vfacilitating its installation.

Element 15a is similar in form to Velement 15 except that it has no separate bottom end connecting piece as does the element 15 and in order to facilitate the slipping of its ends through the openings cut in the rebox sheets, provision may be made as shown in Fig. l by cutting out a portion of the nrebox side sheet 10 below the'bottom end of the element and then closing the opening by the plate 18, which is welded around its contour to side sheet 10 as noted at weld. The bottom connecting end of element 15a.k is made integral with its side walls as extensions thereof, which extensions are staybolted to the firebox wrapper sheet 14 in the manner and for the purpose as hereinafter described.

Element 15b as illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig.

5a provides a construction of my invention in which a tube round in cross-section is squashed or deformed so as to provide elongated connecting ends similar to the elongated ends of the elements 15 and 15a. Substantially parallel portions are made at the element ends by the transitionof the metal of the tube walls from their round to elongated shape and the top elongated end of element 15b may be telescoped or slipped up through the opening 19 in the crown sheet 13 and the bottom elongated end thereof then slipped back through the opening 20 in side sheet 10 into position. t

When the elongated ends of elements 15, 15a and 15b are assembled in `position in the firebox, their outer contours are sealed around the respective openings'made in the rebox sheets to receive them as noted at weld in the several views.

Figs. 10, 11 and 12 show a form of my invention particularly applicable to the smaller types of ,rebox boilers including such as are used in ther oil fields. Element 15c of this construction provides a round tubular element similar to the tubular element 15b except that transition of the metal of only one of its ends has been made from the round tubular shape to the elongated shape,

namely the top end, which fits rtelescopically through the elongated opening 21 in the crown sheet 13 at the higher center portion thereof,

which is desirable in a single element installation of this character. The bottom end of element 15e is left in the round tubular form and telescopically ts through opening 22 in the firebox throat sheet 12; The outer contours of the element ends are welded around the openings 21 and 22 to seal them to the throat sheet and crown sheet 12 and 13 respectively to hold the boiler pressure. While juncture of the bottom end of element 15e is made to throat sheet 12, yet tubular units of this type may also be applied with their bottom ends joined to the rebox side sheets 10 in like manner as elements 15, 15a, and 15b.

Figs. li and 12 show how the round tubular element 15e may continue as such at its top end, the round tubular end being telescopically fitted to a round opening 23 in crown sheet 13 in like manner as the elongated end ts the elongated opening 21.

In the illustrative embodiments of my invention as shown, it will be noted that the element ends are telescopically fitted to the openings in the firebox sheets so that a short rim 24 is formed beyond the water side of the rebox sheets and that the rim 24 carries the extended portions which provide water passages and staybolt connections.

This is the preferred form of construction,

` assuring that the full contour of the element ends will reside within the openings in the firebox sheets and that eiilcient welding around the openings can be done in sealing the element ends to the rebox sheets against boiler pressure.

Throughout all of the views I have shown my improved steaming and circulating elements in their preferred curved form, that is, with a large single radius of longitudinal curvature betweentheir connected ends', as I have found that elements constructed in this way have the ability to function as hollow supporting columns as well as the ability to efciently compensate the differential movement between the rebox sheet uniformly along their curved length without straining the welded juncture of their ends with the rebox sheets by hinging action which would cause cracking and leakage of the welded bond.

It will be observed from the drawings that in the formation of all of the top ends of the elements as telescopicallytting .through their respective openings in the crown sheet 13, marginal portions 24a and 24b ofthe rims 24, as integral parts of the tubular'walls of theelement, are extended and fashioned in the form of overlapping plates 24o and 24d, which platesare tapped with threads at 25 for receiving the threaded ends of staybolts 26. These staybolting extensions as appended from the rim 24 may be in other forms such as will best expedite the securing of the staybolts 26 thereto and to the ilrebox wrapper sheet 14.` It is intended to utilize the extended rim portions of the element ends for staybolt connections to the wrapper sheet 14 at all element ends, Whether the extended plateV portions be provided by a separate member as shown at the bottom end of the element 15 or whether they are made integral with the rim 24 as at the top end thereof. The top integral formed connecting ends of the elements are well shown by the enlarged perspective View, Fig. 4.

Now in` reference to the bottom ends of my improved steam generating and water circulating elements, it will be noted that all of the overlapping plate portions as extended beyond the rim 24 and telescopically fitted through their respective openings in the bottom sheets of the firebox, abut the inside of the firebox wrapper sheet 14 and are connected thereto by staybolts 27. Abutment of the plate portions of the element ends in this manner serves as a foot orgbottom bearing for the element againstV the heavier wrapper sheet 14,l so that it may better act as a supporting column in its preferred shape as shown, with a large single longitudinal radius of curvature. While these plate connecting portions on the bottom ends of the elements preferably abut the wrapper, it is not necessary that they do so if the element is not intended to function as a supporting column. Y

In forming the extended marginal port-ions on the rim 24 of the element ends, I do so with other purposes in mind than staybolting them to the wrapper sheet of the rebox, that is, to provideopenings or passages therethrough which will serve as water inlets at the bottom ends of the elements and as steam and water outlets with a baffle thereover at the top ends of the elements. The new and novel function of providing a baille at the top or discharge end of my improved element is most noteworthy. The baille is provided by the overlapping plate portions 24e and 24d and serves to deflect, distribute or direct the steam and water as discharged out of the element end over the crown sheet so that the steam and water can be most advantageously used in creating a current or currents in the water on the crown sheet, causing it to ilow with a defined movement over the crown sheet surface to protect it against corrosive elements in the water, which, if kept in motion prevents corrosion and pitting of the crown sheet surface practically entirely.

Furthermore, the discharge openings or'pas sageways between the baille plates 24e and 24a'. and the rim 24 are made of such size and shape that the steam and water as discharged therethrough will iniluence the water movement over the crown sheet in any desired manner, but preferably laterally over its surface. In the elements 15, 15a and 15b the predominance of the discharge is inwardly toward the highest longitu- `dinally extending portion of the crown sheet through the opening 28 of the extended portion 24a and forward and rearward through the openings 29 at the element ends, while a smaller portion of the steam and water discharge will be made through the smaller opening 30 of the extended marginal portion 24b for the purpose of washing downwardly any objectionable sedimentary matter which might build up against it and the crown sheetY 13 if the marginal portion 24h were entirely closed. In the element 16e, Fig. 10,

I contemplate making the discharge openings between the baille and the rim of the element as formed on the water side of the rebox sheet of such size and shape as will best direct or carry the steam and water discharged therethrough and through the element end, to provide either a wetted crown sheet surfacewhen the Water level is dangerously low or in'setting up currents within the water level on the crown sheet which will preserve its integrity by preventing pitting or corrosion.

The baille as I provide it over the discharge end of the elementV prevents the fountaining of the steam and water discharge above the water level which causes priming of wet steam discharge into the steam space above the water level and which gives rise to a false reading of the water level in the gauge glass of the boiler waterV column.

Other advantages of my new and novel arrangement of baille at the crown sheet or discharge end of the element will make themselves manifest as my improved structure is extended into service.

The bottom end connection of the element 15 is shown in Figs. 6, '7, 8, and 9. The purpose of this form of end connection is to facilitate installation of the element, and in effecting this a separate connecting member is joined to the rim 24 of the element 15 by staybolis 31. This member comprises portions 321', 32s, 331 and 33s, extending beyond the margin of rim 24 so as to provide the plateportions 34 and 35 abutting the Wrapper sheet 14 and which are staybolted thereto by the staybolts 27. Water passages into the tubular end of element 15 are provided through the openings 36 and 37.

The staybolts 31 joining the portions 321', 32s,l 33T and 33s to the rim 24 do not in any way serve in supporting the tubular walls of the element, being beyond the water side of the ilrebox sheet. This bottom end 'connecting member may be likened to a strrup extended from the rim 24 of the element end with water passages 36 and 37 therethrough into the tubular opening of the element end, the foot of the stirrup as provided by the plate portions 34 and 35 being secured to the wrapper sheet 14 by staybolts 27.

The bottom end connection of the elements 15a and 15b are shown integral with the metal of its tubular walls, in like manner as described in forming the integral top end connection. In the element 15o with a round tubular end, the extended marginal portions of rim 24 are bent so as to provide the overlapping plate portions 24e and 24; having water passageways 38 therethrough into the tubular opening of the element end. The plate portions 24e and 24f of element 15o are connected by stay-bolts 26C to the wrapper sheet 14.

Figs. 10, 11 and 12 show the-element 15c with its integrally formed top and bottom connecting ends. The tubular walls of the top end of round element 15e, Fig. 10, have been formed into elongated shape with substantially parallel walls as noted at V15d which permits the elongated end to telescopically t through the elongated opening prepared to'receive it in crown sheet 13 at all points along the parallel vportions to insure the fit of the elongated outer contour with the opening in the crown sheetand the integrity of the welded joint therebetween. Extended margins of the rim 24 of element 15e are overlapped to form the plate portions 24g and 24h, providing a baille over the discharge outlet of .the element end while opening 39 and a similar opening opposite (not shown) between the baffle plates 24g and y24h and the rim 24 control the discharge of the steam, and water over crown sheet 13. Baffie plates 24g and 24h are connected to the iirebox wrapper sheet 14 by staybolts 26e. Figs. 11 and 12 show a modiii'ed form wherein the top end of the element 15C is brought through the crown'sheet 13 in round tubular form with overlapped plate portions 241' and 247 extended from its rim 24 so as to provide a baiiie over the outlets 40 by the presence of the plate portions 241' and 24j. Staybolts 26e connect the plate portions 241 and 247' to wrapper sheet 14. Numeral 24k shows a liner plate which may be used if desired.

tion of the work to be done. This materially expedites installation, reduces the cost of staybolting, and permits ready renewal oi staybolts as the breakage of same occurs in service.

This application is a continuation in part of my applications for United States Letters Patent covering improvements in Locomotive boilers, Serial No. 559,300, led August 25, 1931, and Serial No. 569,346 iiled October 16, 1931.

I desire it to be understood that the improvements of my invention as herewith illustrated and described are applicable to any form of water carrying element connected to the sheets of the rebox and subjected to the heat of combustion therein, and I therefore do not restrict myself to the illustrative embodiments as shown, my invention being limited only by the extent of the appended claims, therefore minor changes may be made in the physical embodiments of the invention within the scope of the appended claims Vwithout departing from the spirit thereof.

I claim: 1. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spaced iirebox and wrapper sheets; a hollow water circulating and steaming element extending through a portion of the rebox; an

vspaced from the wrapper sheet; spaced means joining said baille member to the walls of said element and 4providing laterally opening passages therebetween; and a staybolt connecting said Ymember to the wrapper sheet; the remaining end of said element connected tothe water space of the boiler.`

2. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spacedrebox and wrapper sheets; a hollow` element exposed to heat in the rebox and connected to form a portion of the water circulating and steam space of the boiler; an end of said element projecting through and sealed to the edges of an opening in the rebox sheet; portions of said end projecting into the space between said sheets in spaced apart relation to provide an opening into said space; plate portions joined to the said end portions, spaced from the wrapper sheet and opposite the opening into said element to provide a baffle and staybolt connection; and a staybolt joining said plate portions to the wrapper sheet. f I

3. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spaced crown and wrapper sheets; a hollow water circulating and steaming element exposed to the heat of the rebox and in communication at a lower end thereof with a water space of the boiler, its upper end extending into and sealed to the edges of an opening in the crown sheet laterally of the longitudinally extending center line thereof; a baiiie member standing in the space between the crown and wrapper sheets opposite the open end of said element; spaced members connecting said baille member with the walls of said element providing passages into said space,

and a staybolt connecting said baiiie member with the wrapper sheet.

4. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spaced crown and wrapper sheets; a hollow water circulating and steaming element exposed to the heat of the rebox and in communication 1 at a lower end thereof with a water space of the boiler, its upper end extending into and sealed to the edges of an opening in the crown sheet laterally of the longitudinally extending center line thereof; a baffle member standing in the 1 space between the crown and wrapper sheets opposite the open end of said element; spaced members connecting said baille member with the walls of said element providing passages into said space, one of said passages facing the longi- 1 tudinally extending lcenter line of said crown sheet being of greater area than a second passage opposite thereto whereby to direct the major portion of the water and steam escaping from said element toward the center of said crown 1 sheet forprotection thereof; and a staybolt connecting said baille member with the wrapper sheet.

5. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spaced rebox and wrapper sheets defining 1 side water legs and a space above the crown sheet portion of said iirebox sheet; a hollow water circulating and steaming element having a single radius of longitudinal curvature, said element passing through an opening in the lower portion 1 of said rebox sheet and abutting and secured to said wrapper sheet; passages through the wall of said element within a water leg for admission of water to said element; the upper end of said element passing through and sealed to the edges 1 of an opening in theA crown sheet portion of said i'lrebox sheet; a baie member standing in the space above said crown sheet portion opposite the open end of said element; spaced means connecting said baille member with the wall of said 1 :element providing passages therebetween into the space above said crown sheet and a staybolt connecting said baiiie member with the wrapper sheet.

6. A boiler structure comprising, in combination:y spaced rebox and wrapper sheets defining a water leg and a water and steam space above a crown sheet portion of said rebox sheet; a hollow water and steaming element passing l through an opening into Ysaid side water leg through the side sheet portion of the rebox sheet; the wall of said element projecting into said water leg and provided with perforations in said projection; a U-shaped member having a plate portion secured to the wrapper sheet and having spaced legs joined to said perforated portion of the element by removable fastenings, the opposite end of said element having its walls penetrating the crown sheet portion and sealed to the edges of an opening therein and staybolt means in the penetrating walls of said last named end to connect the same to the wrapper sheet.

'7. AV boiler structure comprising, in combination: a water circulating and steaming element for insertion between the side water legs and the Water space over the crown sheet of the boiler firebox, said element longitudinally curved and of circular cross-section in its central portion, said element flattened atr its ends to provide portions parallel with the axis of said curvature whereby when said flattened ends are secured to the firebox sheets of the boiler said axis of curvature will run substantially parallel to the horizontal longitudinally extending center line of the rebox. 8. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spaced flrebox and wrapper sheets; a hollow water-circulating and steam-generating element connected to form a portion of the circulatory space of the boiler and exposed to direct heat in the rebox; an end of said element formed with opposite plane portions and rounded edges and projecting through and sealed to the edges of an opening in the crown sheet portion of the rebox sheet with its major axis substantially parallel with the axis of the boiler; the edges ofthe projecting end above the crown sheet cut away and openings formed through the plane projecting portions; plate portions beyond said openings providing a baille and a staybolt connecting said plate portions to the wrapper sheet. 9; In a crown vsheet supporting structure for a.r locomotive frebox, in combination: an inner side sheet; a crown sheet; a wrapper sheet; a hollow water carrying and crown sheet supporting column having its lower end passing through and sealed to the edges'of an opening in the side sheet; portions of said end passing through the space between said sheets and abutting and secured to the Wrapper sheet to transmit thrust of said column to the wrapper sheet; the remaining end sealed toan opening in the crown sheet and opening into the steam and water space of said opening; a baille member spaced opposite the tubular outlet of the element end; laterally opening passages through said walls into said space; said walls providing means for spacing said member beyond said passages; and a staybolt joining said walls to the wrapper sheet.

11. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spaced rebox and wrapper sheets; a hollow water circulating and steaming element extending through a portion of the irebox; an end of said element projecting through and sealed to the edges of an opening in the rebox sheet and forming a rim standing in the space between the firebox and'wrapper sheets; a portion of said rim cut away forming a lateral outlet; a portion of said rim bent over forming a baffle for said outlet; and a staybolt connecting said rim to the wrapper sheet; the remainingend of said element connected to the water space of the boiler.

12. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spaced rebox and wrapper sheets; a hollow element exposed to heat in the rebox and connected to form a portion of the water circulating and steam space of the boiler; an end of said element projecting into and sealed to the edges of an opening in the firebox crown sheet and providing a rim; a portion of said rim standing in the space between said sheets opposite the opening into said element vand providing a baille; and a staybolt ljoining said rim to the wrapper sheet; the remainingend of said element projecting into and sealed to the edges of anopening in a lowei` firebox sheet andproviding a rim a portion of said rim passing through the space between. the rebox and wrapper sheets and abutting the wrapper sheet; and a staybolt joining said portion to the wrapper sheet. Y

13. A boiler structure comprising, in combination: spaced irebox and wrapper sheets; a tubular element exposed to heat in the rebox and connected to form a portion of the water circulating and steam space of the boiler; an end of said element having its walls projecting through an opening in the rebox crown sheet into the space between the rebox and wrapper sheets and sealed to the edges of said opening; laterally opening passages through said walls into said space, said wallsterminating beyond saidV passages in a baffle; and a staybolt joining said baille to the wrapper sheet; the remaining end of said element connected to the water space of the boiler.

14. VIn a steam generating boiler,in combination: a hollow element passing through a portion of the rebox; the lower end thereof in circulatory communication with the water space of the boiler; the upper end of the element passing through and sealed to the edges of an opening of a rebox sheet; spaced portions of the walls of said element projecting into the space between the firebox and wrapper sheets; a baille member connected at its edges to said spaced portions and standing opposite the said opening; and means to connect said wall portions to the wrapper sheet.

JESSE C. MARTIN, JR.

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