US1894808A - Rapid determination of the percentages of light and black constituents of finely graied mixtures - Google Patents

Rapid determination of the percentages of light and black constituents of finely graied mixtures Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1894808A
US1894808A US445232A US44523230A US1894808A US 1894808 A US1894808 A US 1894808A US 445232 A US445232 A US 445232A US 44523230 A US44523230 A US 44523230A US 1894808 A US1894808 A US 1894808A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
constituents
percentages
light
mixtures
black
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US445232A
Inventor
Witte Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1894808A publication Critical patent/US1894808A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/22—Fuels, explosives
    • G01N33/222—Solid fuels, e.g. coal

Definitions

  • Mineral coal in the state of finest comminution represents a mixture of light or black, or approximately black constituents, the light constituents being the contaminations, and the black constituents being the pure coal.
  • the determination of the optical white contents of the finely comminuted coal therefore offers a simple and reliable means for quickly ascertaining the percentage of ashes and pure coal.
  • the white contents in the tint of the mixture do not at all correspond to the white contents which are calculated from the quantities by weight and the white contents of the constituents, but the brightness is determined by other circumstances too.
  • the specific gravities of the constituents influence the result.
  • a grain of a certain weight has so much larger a surface and cross-section, the lower its specific gravity is.
  • the influence of the single constituent upon the tint of the mixture is in the inverse ratio of its specific gravity.
  • the fineness of the graining of each of the constituents influences the tint of the mixture.
  • the color-determining action is in the inverse ratio of the diameter of the bodies.
  • the brightness of the mixture that is to say, the above relation white contents 6 black contents is determined, if a minor degree of exactness is required, by means of gray-scales, otherwise by the photometer which permits of a high degree of exactness.
  • the method of quickly ascertaining the percentages by weight of the light and dark constituents of finely grained mixtures which consists in preparing a number of mixtures containing different percentages of light and dark constituents, measuring the brightness of the difl'erent mixtures, recording the degrees of brightness together with the respective percentages on a chart, measuring the brightness of a similar mixture of unknown contents, and reading 05 its percentage from the said chart.
  • the method of quickly ascertaining the percentages by weight of the light and dark constituents of finely grained mixtures which consists in preparing a number of mixtures containing different percentages of ashes and coal, measuring the brightness of the different mixtures, recording the degrees of brightness together with the respective percentages on a chart, measuring the brightness of a similar mixture of unknown contents, and reading ofl its percentage from the said chart.

Description

Patented Jan. 17, 1933 UNrrsD srares MARTIN WITTE, OF BRESLAU, GERMANY RAPID DETERMINATION OF THE PERCENTAGES OF LIGHT AND BLACK CONSTITUENTS 0F FENELY GRAINED MIXTURES No Drawing. Application filed April 17, 1930, Serial No. 445,232, and in Germany April 23, 1929. 8
Mineral coal in the state of finest comminution represents a mixture of light or black, or approximately black constituents, the light constituents being the contaminations, and the black constituents being the pure coal. The greater the contents of ashes in the coal are or the more the light constituents appear, the higher are the optical white contents of the mixture.
The determination of the optical white contents of the finely comminuted coal therefore offers a simple and reliable means for quickly ascertaining the percentage of ashes and pure coal. In this case the white contents in the tint of the mixture do not at all correspond to the white contents which are calculated from the quantities by weight and the white contents of the constituents, but the brightness is determined by other circumstances too.
On the one hand, the specific gravities of the constituents influence the result. A grain of a certain weight has so much larger a surface and cross-section, the lower its specific gravity is. As the tint depends upon the superficial area of the constituents, the influence of the single constituent upon the tint of the mixture is in the inverse ratio of its specific gravity.
On the other hand, the fineness of the graining of each of the constituents influences the tint of the mixture.
As the comminution of a single constituent progresses, the sums of the surfaces and the cross-sections which determine the action upon the tint are increased. There fore the color-determining action is in the inverse ratio of the diameter of the bodies.
N ow it is true that the specific gravities of the constituents can be ascertained approximately, but not the difierences 1n the graining, being the averages of separate values amounting to fractions of a millimeter.
Consequently the percentages by weight of the constituents can be brought into a certain relation to the white contents of the mixture only by experiment, that is to say either by mixing together the constituents or by conclusion aposteriori from the analysis of the mixture.
For mixtures of constant white or light, and black or approximately black constituents the percentage by weight (white contents and black contents of the constituents to white contents and black contents of the mixture) maybe brought into a certain relation by a formula in which the single letters have the following signification:
p =percentages by weight of the one constituent;
p =percentages by weight of the other constituent e0 =white contents of the one constituent;
w =white contents of the other constituent;
w =white contents of the mixture;
b =black contents of the one constituent;
b =black contents of the other constituent;
b -black contents of the mixture;
0=coeflicient for changing from weight to surface.
This formula reads:
The brightness of the mixture, that is to say, the above relation white contents 6 black contents is determined, if a minor degree of exactness is required, by means of gray-scales, otherwise by the photometer which permits of a high degree of exactness.
.90 The brightness numbers ascertamed by ex- I claim:
1. The method of quickly ascertaining the percentages by weight of the light and dark constituents of finely grained mixtures which consists in preparing a number of mixtures containing different percentages of light and dark constituents, measuring the brightness of the difl'erent mixtures, recording the degrees of brightness together with the respective percentages on a chart, measuring the brightness of a similar mixture of unknown contents, and reading 05 its percentage from the said chart.
2. The method of quickly ascertaining the percentages by weight of the light and dark constituents of finely grained mixtures which consists in preparing a number of mixtures containing different percentages of ashes and coal, measuring the brightness of the different mixtures, recording the degrees of brightness together with the respective percentages on a chart, measuring the brightness of a similar mixture of unknown contents, and reading ofl its percentage from the said chart.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature.
MARTIN VITTE.
US445232A 1929-04-23 1930-04-17 Rapid determination of the percentages of light and black constituents of finely graied mixtures Expired - Lifetime US1894808A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1894808X 1929-04-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1894808A true US1894808A (en) 1933-01-17

Family

ID=7748070

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US445232A Expired - Lifetime US1894808A (en) 1929-04-23 1930-04-17 Rapid determination of the percentages of light and black constituents of finely graied mixtures

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US1894808A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3295406A (en) * 1963-02-21 1967-01-03 Genevieve I Magnuson Color grading apparatus
US3322025A (en) * 1962-05-17 1967-05-30 William C Dauser Color control method
US3971666A (en) * 1972-09-05 1976-07-27 Mendenhall Robert Lamar Process for recycle of asphalt-aggregate compositions
US4793710A (en) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Method and apparatus for measuring surface density of explosive and inert dust in stratified layers
US4799799A (en) * 1985-02-06 1989-01-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Determining inert content in coal dust/rock dust mixture
US5470146A (en) * 1986-06-30 1995-11-28 Standard Havens, Inc. Countercurrent drum mixer asphalt plant

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3322025A (en) * 1962-05-17 1967-05-30 William C Dauser Color control method
US3295406A (en) * 1963-02-21 1967-01-03 Genevieve I Magnuson Color grading apparatus
US3971666A (en) * 1972-09-05 1976-07-27 Mendenhall Robert Lamar Process for recycle of asphalt-aggregate compositions
US4799799A (en) * 1985-02-06 1989-01-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Determining inert content in coal dust/rock dust mixture
US5470146A (en) * 1986-06-30 1995-11-28 Standard Havens, Inc. Countercurrent drum mixer asphalt plant
US4793710A (en) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Method and apparatus for measuring surface density of explosive and inert dust in stratified layers

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2379158A (en) Particle size determination
Royse An introduction to sediment analysis
US1894808A (en) Rapid determination of the percentages of light and black constituents of finely graied mixtures
Sagan et al. Total reflection spectrophotometry and thermogravimetric analysis of simulated Martian surface materials
Poole Size analysis of sand by a sedimentation technique
Solari et al. Modelling of the distribution of trace elements in coal
Sengupta et al. On sieving and settling techniques for sand analysis
Briskey et al. The modification of actomyosin by α-actin: II. The effect of α-actinin upon contractility
Poole et al. The use and accuracy of the Emery settling tube for sand analysis
Bond et al. Size distributions of mineral grains suspended in Chesapeake Bay and nearby coastal waters
US1894809A (en) Testing of coal dust-mineral dust mixtures
Cook Calibration of the University of Southern California automatically recording settling tube
Pidgeon Controlling factors in identification of microscopic chloride particles with sensitized gelatin films
Fredericks et al. Rapid analysis of coal blends by diffuse reflectance FT-ir spectrometry
McCartney et al. Microreflectivity analysis of coal
Schweyer et al. Methods for Determining Particle Size Distribution
Parker Rapid determination of the approximate composition of amphiboles and pyroxenes
Olson A turbidimetric potassium determination affected little by temperature
Miller Correction factors in quantitative microscopic analysis of mineral mixtures
Ladoo Talc and Soapstone
Crilly et al. INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF PAINT VEHICLES.
Monnot et al. Some Improvements in the Pressed Disk Technique for the Estimation of Certain Components of Pitches and Bitumens by Infrared Absorption
Lewis et al. The Diffusing Power of Pigments.
SU418776A1 (en)
Deirmendjian et al. On the Role of Clear Sky Turbidity in Atmospheric Infrared Transmission