US1892778A

US1892778A - Heat transfer device

Info

Publication number: US1892778A
Application number: US528589A
Authority: US
Inventors: John E Black
Original assignee: Babcock and Wilcox Co
Current assignee: Babcock and Wilcox Co
Priority date: 1931-04-08
Filing date: 1931-04-08
Publication date: 1933-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 1950-01-03

Description

Jan. 3, 1933. J. E. BLACK HEAT TRANSFER DEVICE Filed April 8, 1931 "2 Sheets-Sheet l l-l.

Black: RV

Jan. 3, 1933. J. E. BLACK HEAT TRANSFER DEVICE ZSheets-Sheet Filed April 8. 1931 OR John E. Black a HIS ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 3, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN E. BLACK, OF BLUHSiON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE BAIBCOCK & WIIICOZ COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OFNEW JERSEY Application filed April 8,

This invention relates to heat transfer devices, and particularly to a heat transfer device in which a fluid at high temperature is brought in heat transfer relationship with a fluid at lower temperature and transfers heat thereto. 7 An object of the invention is to provlde a fluid heat transfer device, strong and compact, presenting a large heat transfer area to the fluids therein constituting the heating and heat receiving mediums.

A specific object of the invention is to provide a strong and compact heat transfer device in which sensible heat of superheat in superheated steam is utilized to heat steam of lower temperature by passing the superheated steam through tubes contacted by the steam at lower temperature.

Other objects will be apparent to those skilled in this particular art from the description in the specification in connection with the drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a sectional side view of an illustrative embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional side view of a structural detail thereof;

Figs. 3 and 4 are fragmentary views of a detail of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional side view of another illul'strative embodiment of the invention; an

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a structural detail thereof.

In the embodiments of the invention that have been chosen for purposes of illustration, in Fig. 1 is shown a reheater which includes a cylindrical casing 1, closed at itsupper portion by a head 2 and at its lower portion y a head 3. Flan es 4 are secured to the casing at the ends t ereof, and the

heads

2 and 3 are secured thereto by bolts 5. Drums 7 and 8 extend through the heads 2- and 3, respectively, into the interior of the casing and are connected together by a nest of tubes 10 which extend through the interior of the casing in a cylindrical cluster. A displaced member 11, in the form of a hollow cylinder with closed ends, fills a hollow space in the interior of the nest of tubes.

As shown in more detail in Fig. 2 in conmu: 'rnmsrnn nEvicE Serial No. 528,589.

nection with the drum 7 and head 2, the drum 7 has a sleeve 13 applied thereto on that portion which extends through the head; this sleeve is contacted by a gland 14 which hold packing 15 in place and insures a steam tight fit. A similar joint is provided in the caslng 3 for the drum 8. A high pressure steam' inlet 16 is provided in the drum 7 and a similar fitting, which is not shown in connection with this illustrative embodiment of the invention, is provided for the drum '8 as an outlet. The drum 7 is made in sections secured to each other by bolts 17 extending through flanges 18, provided on each drum section, and has manholes 20 at the end thereof. All of this structure is shown in connection with the drum 7 in Fig. 2, and the drum 8 is similarly constructed.

The tubes 10 extend parallel tothe casing and have ends bent over, in varying lengths, as shown in Fig. 1, and these ends are expanded respectively in the drums 7 and 8.

Members 21, as shown in detail in Figures 3 and 4, are inserted between'the walls of the drums 7 and 8 and the tubes 10 at the bended portion of each tube and act as cantilever supports to prevent undue stress on the tubes at or near the juncture of said tubes with the drums. By virtue ofthese members no harm is done the tubes by the strain putupon them when steam is admitted to the inside of the casing 1', for though the pressure the steam exerts upon the movable drum heads tends to force them apart the strain placed upon the tubes by such movement is relieved by the cantilever members 21 above referred to.

Low pressure steam inlets 23 are sup lied in the lower portion of the casing beyon the ends of the tubes 10, and low pressure stea'm outlets 24 are supplied in the upper end of the casing beyond the upper end of the nest of tubes.

In the operation of this device, high pressure steam is admitted to the drum 7 by the inlet 16 and flows through the tubes 10 to the drum 8 where it is removed through a suitable outlet (not shown). Low pressure steam is admitted to the interior of the casing by the inlets 23 and flows along the tubes 10 in contact therewith, and is removed from the cas- 100 ing through the outlets 24. The displacer member 11 and the sides of the-casin g l insure that the low pressure steam will sweep along the tubes 10 which contain the superheated steam and prevents bypassing of the low pressure steam through the central portion of the tube nest. In this manner, the sensible heat of superheat in superheated steam is utilized to heat steam atlower pressure and temperature.

By virtue of the fact that the drums 7 and 8 and the tubes 10 contain and are contacted by a high pressure fluid at higher temperature than the low pressure fluid which contacts the casing 1, during the operation of the device the expansion of the elements 7, 8 and 10 will be greater than the expansion of the casing 1. This difference in the extent of expansion and contraction between these elements is compensated for by mounting the parts with respect to each other so that relative movement is permitted. The gland or stuffing box structure previously described permits this relative movement and at the same time provides a steam tight joint.

In the illustrative embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 5, the reheater herein depicted is similar in general character to the one described in connection with Figs. 1 to 4, but in this reheater the drums 7 and 8 comprise an inner flanged portion 25 disposed interiorly of the casing and an outer flanged portion 26 disposed exterior-1y of the casing, and bolts 27 extending through the outer flanged portion hold the parts in assembled relation. This structure, of course, secures the drums in fixed relation with respect to the casing 1, as the two drums are fixedly secured by the stud bolts 27 to the

casing heads

2 and 3. The exterior ends of flanged and are closed by a plate 28 bolted thereto. The drum structure is shown in detail in Fig. 6.

To compensate for unequal expansion and contraction of the high pressure members 7,

8, 10 and the casing 1, the tubes 10 are arranged around the drums in helical formation, so that during the operation of the device unequal expansion and contraction are taken care of by the distortion of the tubes, Without injury or disruption to any of the elements making up the device. Since the drums 7and 8 in this illustrative modification of the invention are fixedly secured to the casing,

the low pressure steam will not react against the drums as in the modification illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 so that the cantilever members 21 may be omitted.

In the operation of the device and in the other elements of the structure making up a part of the'invention, the description applied to the elements making up the device described in connection with Figs. 1 to 4 applies equally to the embodiment of the invention the drums are casing with drums disposed in the upper and 4 lower parts thereof and connected by tubes arranged circumferentially thereabout, a cylindrical displacer member located on the inside portion of the tube group, a superheated steam inlet to the upper drum, a steam outlet from the lower drum, and steam inlets and outlets in the casing so located that the steam admitted thereto by the inlet flows along the tubes in contact therewith and passes through the outlet.

2. In a heat transfer device, a cylindrical casing with drums disposed at the ends thereof and connected by a nest of tubes disposed circumferentially thereabout, a cylindrical displacer member located in the central portion of the tube nest, and means to pass vapor at high temperature through the tubes while passing a vapor of lower temperature along the tubes in contact therewith.

3. In a heat transfer device, a flanged cylindrical casing with a head secured to each end, a drum extending through. a stufiing box in each head in sliding relation therewith, a plurality of tubes connecting said drum extending through the casing in a hollow cylindrical cluster, and a displacer member disposed within the hollow portion of the cylindrical tube cluster.

4. In a heat transfer device, a cylindrical casing with a head detachably secured to each end, a drum extending through each head in fixed relation therewith, and a nest of tubes connecting said drums and helically arranged therebetween so that unequal expansion and contraction of the drums and easing are permitted without disruption of the device.

5. In a heat transfer device, a cylindrical casing with a head secured in each end thereof, a drum extending through each head in fixed relation thereto, a nest of tubes helically arranged and connecting said drums forming a hollow cluster, and a cylindrical displacer member disposed .within the hollow portion of said cluster.

6. In a heat transfer device, a casing with drums disposed at the ends thereof and connected by a nest of tubes disposed circumferentially thereabout in helical formation, a displacer member located in the central portion of the tube nest, and means to pass vapor at high temperature through the tubes while passing vapor at lower temperature along the tubes in contact therewith.

7. In a heat transfer device, a casing with drums disposed in the upper and lower parts thereof and connected by tubes arranged circumferentially thereabout in helical formation, a. displacer member located on the inside portion of the tube group, a vapor inlet to the upper drum and a vapor outlet from the lower drum, and vapor inlets and outlets in the casing so located that the vapor admitted thereto by the inlet flows along the tubes in contact therewith and passes through the outlet.

8. In a heat transfer device, a casing with drums disposed at the ends thereof and connected by a nest of tubes disposed circumferentially thereabout, a displacer member located in the central portion of the tube nest, means to pass vapor at high temperature through the tubes while passing vapor at lower temperature along the tubes in cona tact therewith, and means to permit unequal expansion and contraction between the high and low temperature members without disruption.

9. In a heat transfer device, a casing with drums disposed in the upper and lower parts thereof and connected by tubes arranged circumferentially thereabout, a displacer member located on the inside portion of the tube group, an inlet to the upper drum and an outlet from the lower drum, inlets and outlets in the casing so located that steam admitted thereto by the inlet flows along the tubes in contact therewith and passes through the outlet, and means associated with the tubes and casing to permit unequal expansion and contraction therebetween without disruption.

10. In a heat transfer device, an elongated stahtiall annular space in said casing between a j acent portions of said drums, a nest of tubes connecting portions of said drums within said casing an extending throughout said annular space, fluid inlet and outlet connections to said casin adjacent the ends of said tube nest, and fluld inlet and outlet nnections to said inlet and outlet drums, respectively, at points externally of said casing.

JOHN E. BLACK.

casing of substantially circular cross-section,

40 inlet and outlet drums at opposite ends of said casing, means forming a substantially annular space in said casing between the adjacent ends of said drums, a nest of tubes connecting said drums and arranged in said annular space, fluid inlet and outlet connections to said'casing, and fluid inlet and outlet connections to said inlet and outlet drums respectively.

' 11. In a heat transfer device, an elongated casing of substantially circular crosssection, inlet and outlet drums extending into opposite ends of said casing, means forming a substantially annular space in said casing between the adjacent ends of said drums,a nest of tubes connecting said drums and arranged in said annular space, fluid inlet and outlet connections to said casing adjacent opposite ends thereof, and fluid inlet and outlet connections to said inlet'and outlet drums, respectively, at points externally of said cas- 1n 12. In a heat transfer device, an elongated casing of substantially circular cross-section, inlet and outlet drums extending into spaced portions of said casing, means forming a sub- (IERTHIFWATE 0d CQRRECTION.

Patent No. 1,892, 778. January 3, W33.

JQHN E. BLACK.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification 0i tie abeve numbered patent requiring correction as ioiiows: Page i, iine 46, iior "displaced" read "dispiacer"; page 2, line 114, eiaim 5, for "in" read "to"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these earrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Sigied and sealed this 28th day of March, A. D. 1933.

do idcerc (S al) Acting Commissioner of Patents