US1887476A

US1887476A - Centrifugal separator

Info

Publication number: US1887476A
Application number: US482659A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lindgren Hans Olof
Original assignee: De Laval Separator Co
Current assignee: De Laval Separator Co
Priority date: 1929-09-28
Filing date: 1930-09-18
Publication date: 1932-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 1949-11-08
Also published as: GB349880A; FR702618A; DE580259C

Description

Nov. `8, 1932. H, O, L lNDGREN 1,887,476

CENTRIFUGAL S EPARATOR Filed Sept. 18, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l kx* k Patented Nov. 8, 1932 UNITED STATESg PATENT oFFIcE HANS oLor` LINDGREN, or AEPELV'I'KEN, sWEDEN, AssreNoE 'rol THE DE LAVAL sEPAEAmoE COMPANY, or NEW Yoan, N. Y., a CORPORATION or NEW JERSEY` j:

' CENTRIFUGL SEPARATOR Application :ned september 18, 1330, serial No. 482,659, and ih sweden september 2s, 192,9. Y

In centrifuges inwhich heavy substances, such'as solids, are separatedfrom a liquid or from a mixture of relatively heavy and light liquids and `then discharged through nozzles or openings located at or near the periphery' of the bowl, it is common practice to introduce an addition liquid into the b owl at or near such openings, namely for the purpose of reducing the quantity of separated'liquid (of the originalk mixture) that discharges with the solids, and also forthe purpose, in many cases, of facilitating the discharge of the solids. See British Patent No. 10,314 of `1908. The nature of the addition liquid may vary l5 according to conditions. It is often advantageous to use, as an addition liquid, a liquid containing a greater or smaller proportion of solids similar to those which are discharged. In many cases it is convenient anddesirable to use, as an addition liquid, a part of the discharged product.

The feeding of such addition liquid is attended with great difficulties. The liquid must, of course, be introduced into the bowl in thenei hborhood of its center and be thence con ucted to the neighborhood of the periphery, preferably through separate channels which avoid admixture of the addition' liquid with the contents of the bowl undergoing' separation. The channels should be so formed that they can be easily cleaned.

If a mixture of liquid and solids is used as an bowl by means of asimple and inexpensive.

construction. n

It is often highly desirable, also, to take special precautions against the mixing of the addition liquid with the liquid constituent of the original mixture; It is known to provide openings in the bowl hood Vinto which 5 isfed into the separator chamber of thebowl,

are inserted nozzles communicating with the peripheral part of the separating space of the bowl, the openings alsohavingorices communicating with a collection; vessel out-f side the bowl.- Channels for-addition liquid communicate with the chambers formed between said nozzles and orifices. It ispossi-bleV to a limited degree to regulate the pressure of the liquid in said chambers by creating through the nozzles a directed kflow of liquid sufficiently strong to prevent liquid from streaming out through the nozzles but Iloty suiicientlystrong to hinder outflow of solidsk or sludge through the nozzles. It is, however, extremely diiicult to obtain the same pressure in the various chambers as well as to introduce the additionliquid ina satisfactory manner; One of the objects of the present invention is to retain the advantages of the above described known construction and at the same time overcome thedisadvantages hithertocharacteristic thereof. Fig'. 1 vis a vertical section througha bowl embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view of another embodiment of the invention.V Fig. 2 attains substantially all the objects of mylinvention,'whereas Fig`. ,1 comprises only those inventive features lirst hereinbefore described. n 4 f Referring rst to the constructionV of Fig. lzr'llhe` bottom fu of the bowl is secured,by means of the lock ring fw, to the bowl hood,- which comprises a body 00 and aliningelement y insertedrin and extending vabovelthe body. The mixture to be separated is introduced into a tube a, which is closed at its bottom vbut provided with side openings b, through which the-mixture iiows into a chamber c.v Chamber c is located in the upper part of the bowl hood and is providedwith conveyors d, which force the mixture to partake of the rotation of the borwl. l From chamber c extend channels e, located in the upper part of the hood and through which the mixture preferably between frusto-conical discs f. U

K The separated heavier liquid consituent of the mixture discharges through channels in thev bowlhood` into a chamber h and discharges over an exchangeable. regulating if chamber o.

vuid constituents inV addition to heavier substances, such as heavier solids, but comprises only such heavier substances and light liquid,

only one ofthe Vdescribed liquid outlets is.

provided, or at least only one is used.

The separated heavy matters, which do not 'discharge through channels g with the heavy liquid, discharge, with more or less liquid',

' through openings m arranged at or near the periphery. Openings m are preferably provided with nozzles of known type.A The flushing or addition liquid is" intro` duced through a tube n, positioned inside and concentricwith tube a. Tube n feeds into a This chamber is situated in the upper portion of the hood, preferably just under chamber o, and is provided with conveyors p, which'compel the addition liquid to rotate with the bowl. From chamber o the Y addition liquid flows through channels 1' in the'bowl hood to the peripheral part of the bowl, preferably close to outlets m.

Itis preferred, as hereinbefore stated, to n form a complete bowl hood by inserting in the body 'rv a special element y yiii which are formed the feed chamber c for the original mixture, the channels e for conveying this mixture to the separating chamber of the l bowl, thevfeed chamber o for addition liquid,

and preferably also the channels r for conveying the additionliquid to the peripheral part of the'bowhand the channels j for outflow of light liquid. The channels g for outflow of heavy liquid are preferably formed f between the body af: and the element y by rifling the outer side of one aiid/or the inner side of the other.

Inl the lower part of the bowl are filler p pieces provided with sliding surfaces t to promote the iow of heavy materials to outlets fm. These filler pieces may be fixed to or integral with the inserted element y.

While it is desirable to position chamber o over chamber c, this arrangement is not required.

Since the means for introducing the mixture to be -separated and the outflow chan-v nels are located at the upper part of the bowl, there is ample room at the lower part of the bowl to` allow it to beremovably arranged on the spindle s which extends up within the bowl.' y

So far as the parts of the constructions of Figs.`1 and 2 are the same, the parts are sim` ilarly lettered.

The inserted element y of Fig. 2 is provided with a chamber 10, which is preferably ringshaped, although it need not extend continuously around the bowl. From chamber 10 extend an inner opening into the peripheral part, or sludge space, of the separating chamber of the bowl and an router opening discharging into a collection vessel (not shown) outside the bowl. These openings are formed, preferably, in members 11 and 12, which are insertabley and removable and may be exchanged for other members having different sized openings. To the ring-shaped chamber 10 addition liquid is fed through channels fr. Only one channel 1, if it be of suitable dimensions, is required, but for proper distribution several such channels are desirable. There are provided special discharge'channels 9,'through which addition liquid flows from the ring-shaped channel 10 to'outlets controlled by regulating screws 13. These. channels may be formed, as shown, inthe inserted element y, or may be formed between the body m and t-he element y" by riiiing the outer side of one aiid/or the inner side of the other, in the same manner as channels g of Fig. 1 are described as formed. By means of these special Voutflow channels 9 for addition liquid, it is possible to introduce a much larger supply of addition liquid than would otherwise be possible.l f

The regulating devices 't' and lc, as well as other regulating devices, are required in order to adapt the bowl tooperate satisfactorily `with different mixtures to be separated and with different addition liquids. The exchangeable discs permit change of radial distance, between the outlet openings for the light liquid and the outlet openings for the heavy liquid. The regulating members 7c preferably consist of turnable screws provided with eccentric holes.

It will be understood that the pressure of the liquid in chamber 10 must be determined in such manner that addition liquid is led therefrom'V into the separating chamber in order to prevent outow from the separating chamber of theseparated heavy liquid constituent of the original mixture. This is generally desirable in order to preventloss of such liquid. There are, however, vcases in which a small loss of separated liquid is permissive, althougli iniiow of addition liquid into the separating space of the bowl and' its admixture therein with separated liquid may be undesirable. It is, therefore, necessary to provide means for regulating the supply ofl addition liquid. To secure a suitable regulation of pressure in chamber 10', the bowl is provided with the regulating devices 13 and 14. The regulating device 14, which may be' a hollow screw, determines the inner level of liquid in chamber o. The pressure of liquid in chamber 10` is, however, chiefly determined by the regulating device 13, which also may insa-rie"v heavy liquid constituent of the original' mixture is separately Adischarged from" the bowl, being prevented, to the extent desired, from admixtui'e with the addition liquid.

It will also be understood that the pressureregulating means described may be adjusted either toY allow a slight inflow of ,addition liquid through nozzles 11- to prevent loss of the separated liquid constituent ofthe original mixture, or to'allow a slight outflow ofA such separated liquid constituent through nozzles 1l to prevent contamination `with addition liquid of the separated liquid constituent that is discharged through channels g, and that it is also possible, by careful regulation of pressure, to substantially prevent flow of either addition liquid or separatedliquid through nozzles 11.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is: Y

l. A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl body, ka lining element .withinfand contacting with, and having a neck extending above, the bowl body and forming therewith the bowl hood, a feed chamber for the mixture to be separated formed in the neck of the lining element, and channels connecting the feed chamber with the separator space of the bowl, said lining element and channelsbeing in fixed relation with the bowl body during operation.V

2. A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl body, a lining element within andl contacting with, and having a neckV extending above, the bowl body and forming therewith the bowl hood, a feed chamber for the mixture to be separated formed in the neck ofthe lining element, and channels formed in the lining elementl and connecting the feed' chamber with the separating chamber of l the bowl, said lining element being in fixed with the bowl bodyv during operarelation tion. l

3. A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl body, a lining element within and-contacting with, and having a neck extending above, the bowl body and forming therewith the bowl hood, the bowl having peripheral sludge-discharge openings, means to admit" ratingspace of the bowl,means to discharge the mixture to be separated into the separating space of the bowl, a feed chamber for addition liquid formed in the neck of the liner element, and channels extending from the feed chamber to the peripheral part 1 of the bowl, said lining element being iii fixed relation with the bowl body during operation. A f 'e c 4. A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl body, a lining element within and contacting-witli, and having a neck extendingv above, the vbowl body and forming therewith the bowl hood,the'bowl having peripheral sludge-dischargeV openings, means to admit the mixture to Vbe separated into the' separating space of the bowl, a feed 'chamber for addition liquid formed in the neck of the liner element, and substantially straight,

closed channels formed in the liner elementand extendingV from said feed chamber to the peripheral part of fthe'bowl, said lining element being in fixed relation withA they bowlV body during operation. i i

5.v A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl body, a lining element within and contacting with, and having a neck extending above, thebowl body and forming therewith the bowl hood, the bowl having Vperipheral of said lining element containing a feed chamber for the mixture to be separated and a feed chamber for Vaddition liquid, channels connecting the first named feed chamber with the separating space of the bowl, and channels connecting the second Y named. feed chamberwith a peripheral partof the bowl, said liningvelement and channels being'in fixed relation with opera-tion. l

v 6. A centrifugal separator comprising' a bowl body,a lining element within and contacting with, and having aneck extending above, the bowl body and forming therewith the bowl hood, the bowl having peripheral sludge-discharge openings, the upper part ofV said lining element containing a feed cham.

ber for the mixture to be separated and a feed chamber for addition liquid, the hood being provided with channels connectingtlie ist namedfeed chamber with the separating space of the bowl, channels connecting thesecond named feed chamber with the peripheral part of ythe bowl, andoutflow channels for j relatively *heavy and Vlight liquids, said 'lining element and channels being. in fixed relationwith therbowl body during operation.

7.' A centrifugal-separator comprising a bowl having a main separating space and whose wall is provided lwith a chamber having inner openings into the sludge'space of the main separating space of the'bowl and outer openings t0 the Voutside 0f the bowl, means to feed the mixture to be seperated into the sepaseparated liquid fromthe separating space of the bowl, achannel adapted to convey addi-- thev howl body' during Ae5 a sludge-dischargeopenings, the upper part icc and channels ybeing inxed relation with the bowl wall during operation.

8. A centrifugal bowl having a main sep- Y arating space and Whose wallis provided with a ring-shapedchamber having inner openings into the sludge space ofthe main separating space of the bowl and outer openings to the outside of the bowl, means to feed the mixture to be separated to the separating space of the bowl, means to discharge liquid from the bowl, a feed chamber for addition liquid formed in the upper part of the bowl, and substantially straight closed feed channels connecting said feed chamber with said ring-shaped chamber, said liquid discharge means and channels beingv'in fixed relation with the bowl during operation.

9. A centrifugal bowl having a main separating space and whose wall is provided with a peripheral chamber having inner openings into the sludge space of the main separating space of the bowl and outer openings to the outside of the bowl, means to feed the mixture to be separated tothe separating space of the bowl, means to discharge liquid fromthe bowl, a feed chamber for 'addition liquid formed in the upper part of the bowl, substantially straight closed feed channels connecting said feed chamber with saidperipheral chamber, and channels adapted to discharge addition liquid from said peripheral chamber, said liquiddischarge means and channels being in fixed relation with the bowl during operation.

10. A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl body having a main separating space and a lining element within and contacting with thebowl'body land forming therewith the bowl hood, means to feed the mixture to be separated into the separator space ofthe bowl, means to discharge liquid from the separator space of the bowl, a chamber formed in the lining element, there being inner openings from said chamber into the sludge space of the bowl and outer openings from said chamber through the bowl body, and means to supply anaddition liquid to said chamber, said lining element and liquid discharge means being in fixed relation with the bowl body during operation.

11. A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl body having a main separating space and a lining element withiny and contacting with the bowl body and forming therewith the bowl hood, means to feed the mixture to be separated into the separator space of the bowl, means to discharge liquid from the separator space of the bowl, a chamber formed in thelining element, there being inner openings from said chamber into the sludge space ofthe bowl and cuter openings from said chamber through the bowl body, means to supply an addition liquid to said chamber, and means to discharge addition liquid from said chamber, saidlining element and liquid discharge means being in fixed relation with the bowl body during operation.

12.' A centrifugal bowl provided with a channel for supplying the mixture to be separated to the separating space ofthe bowl, an outiiow channel for :separated liquid, peripheral sludge-discharge openings in series, a channel for supplying addition liquid to the peripheral part `of the bowl between the sludge discharge openings, pressure regulating ports relatively near theaxis of the bowl, and a' channel for discharging addition liquid from the peripheral part ofthe bowl through said pressure regulating ports. 1

13. A centrifugal Yseparator' comprising a bowl having a main separating space and whose wallV is provided with a chamber having openings into the sludge space of the main separating space of the Vbowl and openings tothe outside of the bowl, means to feed the mixture to be separated into the separating space of the bowl, means todischarge separated liquid from the separating space of the bowl, a channel adapted to conveyaddition liquid to said chamber, a channel adapted to discharge .j addition liquid from said chamber, and adjustable means to continucusly and uniformly regulate' the pressure in said chamber.

14. A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl having al main separating space and whose wall is provided with a chamber havingV openings into the sludge space of the main separating space of the bowl and openings to the outside of the bowl, means to feed the mixture to be separated into the separating space of the bowl, means to discharge separated liquid from the separating space of the bowl, achannel adapted to convey addition liquid to said chamber, a`- channel independent of said openings, adapted to discharge addi. tion liquid from said chamber, and a constantly open regulating device controlling the out let from the last named channel and adapted to continuously and uniformly regulate the pressure in said chamber.

Y 15. A centrifugal separator comprising a bowl body having a main separating space and a lining element within and contacting with the bowl body and forming therewith a bowl hood, and separate channels for conveying the mixture to be separated into the separating space of the bowl and an addition liquid to the peripheral part of the bowl, said channels having walls kformed by said lining element, said lining element being in fixed relation with the bowl body during operation.

In-testimony of which invention, I have hereunto set myhand, at Stoclrholm,'SWeden, on this 29th day of August, 1930.

HANS .OLOF VLIl\TDGrRl1ll\T.