US1883194A - Indirectly heated steam generator - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 18, 1932. F. WEMPE I 1,883,194

. INDIRECTLY HEATED STEAM GENERATOR Filed March 5, 1932 Fig.1.

Inventor Fmaomcn WEMPE.

Patented Oct. 18, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I FRIEDRICH WEMPE, 0F CASSEL-WILHELMSHOHE, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SCHMIDT- SCHE HEISSDAMPF-GESELLSCHAFT M. B. B1,, 01 CASSEIFWILHELMSHOHE, GERMANY,

A CORPORATION OF GERMANY INDIRECTLY HEATED STEAM GENERATOR Application filed March 5, 1932, Serial No. 597,075, and in Germany April 4, 1931.

My invention relates indirectl heated by circulating heating fluid.

In in irectly operated steam generators, the usual practice is to have a number of heating elements, that is, tubes for the heating steam, located in the working steam generator. Sometimes it is necessary to examine or repair these heating elements, which requires their removal from the generator. In the constructions heretofore known, it was difiicult to do this without completely stopping the operation of the whole steam generator.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide an indirect steam generating system in which the heating elements may be removed individually and repaired without stopping the operation of the plant or the generation of steam therein. A second object of the invention is to provide such an arrangement in which the removal of certain of the heating elements in no way affects the heat receiving tubes of the heatin steam system so that these tubes-will not be burned out by the fire.

The system in general consists of a working steam system and a heating steam system including a plurality of heatlng elements 10- eated in the working steam system, with means to cut off any one of these heating elements from both of the systems, while the heat receiving tubes of the heating steam system located in the fire box will still be connected to heating elements which are in operation and will receive sufficient fluid to steam generators therefrom to prevent their burning out. For

this purpose, the working steam system is composed of a single boiler free of heating tubes or elements and a plurality of smaller boilers located below such single boiler and each containing heatin elements and being connected to such sing e boiler. The heating elements are connected to a common header which in turn is connected to all the heat receiving tubes in the fire box. By the use of suitable valves, any one of the secondary boilers and the heating elements thereof can be cut oil both from the header and fgom the primary boiler so that the heating elements can be removed and the boiler cleaned without stopping the generation of steam in the primary boiler.

Further, my invention contem lates an arrangement in the primary drum or effectively separating any water from the steam so that practically no water is carried off with the steam to the place of use. Inaddition, the same arrangement may operate to deaerate the feed water so that gases will not be carried with the feed water into the secondary boilers.

My arrangement will be much more convenient if the secondary boilers are arranged in a row parallel to one another with the primary boiler running perpendicularly to the secondary boilers so that connection to each of the secondary boilers can be easily made.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear more fully from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing which forms a part thereof.

In the drawing:

Fig. l is a cross section through a steam generator according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same.

The working steam system comprises a main or primary boiler or drum 8 having a variable water level 10.

The secondary or auxiliary boilers or drums 16 are arranged parallel to each other in a row and with their axes transverse to the axis of the primary drum. In each of these secondary boilers is arranged a heating element 17 for the heating steam. These elements may be inserted and removed through manholes 18 in the ends of the drums.

Within the fire box are arranged the heat receiving tubes 20 of the heating steam system. These tubes are all connected to a lower header 21 and an upper header 22connected by downcomers 23. From the steam space of the header 22 pipes 24 lead to the inlet of the heating elements 17, while the outlets of these heating elements are connected by pipes 25 to the water space of the header 22. This establishes a system in which steam generated in the pipes 20 flows through the pipes 24 to the heating elements 17 while the conthrough the pipe 25,

densate in these heating elements flows the header 22 and the downcomers 23 back to the header 21 from which it again passes to the heat receiving tubes 20. a

The steam is generated in the auxiliary boilers 16.and passes through the tubes 26 to the primary drum. The tubes 26 extend from the top of the drums 16 to a pipe 27 which extends across the steam space of the boiler 8. This pipe 27 has a plurality of openings along its length, and below these openings s arranged a separator plate 28. The steam is sprayed through the openings onto the separator plate and any water mixedwith the steam collects on the plate and flows to the side of the drum while the steam passes into the steam space. In this way, any impurities are removed from the steam. A pipe 29 leads from the water space of the boiler 8 to the bottom of the boiler 16.

The feed water is preheated in an element 30 located in the flue from which it passes through a pipe 31 which connects with the pipe 27. The hot food water is thus thrown onto the separator plate along with the steam and any gases are removed therefrom and pass off with the steam. In this way only deaerated water reaches the auxiliary boiler 16.

The steam in the boiler 8 passes through a pipe 32 and a superheater 33 to the place of use.

Valves 34 and 35 are arranged in the pipes 24. and 25, these valves. being manually operable so that any one of the heating elements 17 may be cut off from the header 22. In addition, valves 36 and 37 are provided in the pipes 26 and 29 so that any auxiliary boiler 16 can be cut off from the boiler 8. It is quite clear that by closing these four valves any auxiliary boiler may be completely disconnected from the system without stopping the operation thereof. The heating elements 17 may then be removed for inspection or repair.

It is quite obvious that certain modifications may easily be made. For example, the feed water pipe 31 may be connected to each of the pipes 29 before they reach the valves 37 so that the supply of feed water to any drum is cut off in case that drum is to be put out of operation. The primary drum can be located at any desired point as long as it is above the lower drums. need not be parallel or horizontal but may be arranged in any suitable manner.

It will be quite evident that, even when one or two of the auxiliary boilers are cut off, there will still be the same quantity of fluid in the circuit; Because of the joint header 22, this fluid will flow to all the heat receiving pipes 20 and will prevent the overheating and burning out of any of them.

While I have described herein one embodi- The lower drums' ment of my invention I wish it to be understood that I do not intend to limit myself thereb except within the scope of the appende claims.

I claim:

1. In a steam generator in which steam is generated by the indirect method, an upper drum, a plurality 'of lower drums connected to said upper drum, said upper and lower drums forming a working steam system, a

heating steam system including a tire box, a

header, a plurality of heat receiving tubes in said fire box connected to said header, and a heating element in each of said lower drums, each of said heating elements being connected to said header.

2.- In a steam generator as claimed in claim 1, the axis of said upper drum being transverse to the axes of said lower drums, said lower drums being arranged parallel to each other.

3. In a steam generator as claimed in claim 1, each of said lower drums having an opening at one end thereof through which said heating elements may be removed.

4. In a steam generator as claimed in claim 1, the connecting means between said lower drums and said upper drum including a pipe for conducting steam from said lower drums to the steam space of said upper drum, a

.steam outlet pipe in the steam space of said upper drum to which said last named pipes are connected, said steam outlet pipe having a plurality of openings therein, and a separator plate opposite said openings to separate water from the steam.

5. In a steam generator as claimed in claim 1, the connecting means between said lower drums and said upper drum including a pipe for conducting steam from said lower drums to the steam spaceof said upper drum, a steam outlet pipe in the steam space of said upper drum to which said last named pipes are connected, said steam outlet pipe having a plurality of openings therein, a separator plate opposite said openings to separate water from the steam, and means to conduct feed water to said steam outlet pipe.

6. In a steam generator as claimed in claim 1, means to disconnect said lower drums individually from said upper drum and said hea'tl] ing elements from said header.

In a steam generator as claimed in clai 1, the connecting means between said upper drum and said lower drums and between said header and heating elements including pipes, and manually operable valves for closing said plpes. 1

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my signature.

FRIEDRICH WEMPE.

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