US187882A - Improvement in processes of softening, decolorizing - Google Patents
Improvement in processes of softening, decolorizing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US187882A US187882A US187882DA US187882A US 187882 A US187882 A US 187882A US 187882D A US187882D A US 187882DA US 187882 A US187882 A US 187882A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- decolorizing
- softening
- alkali
- processes
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 (11. 0. Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- YSGQGNQWBLYHPE-CFUSNLFHSA-N (7r,8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,17s)-17-hydroxy-7,13-dimethyl-2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)CC[C@H]2[C@@H]2[C@H](C)CC3=CC(=O)CC[C@@H]3[C@H]21 YSGQGNQWBLYHPE-CFUSNLFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/30—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using reducing agents
Definitions
- My invention relates to the .use of detergents previous to bleaching, by which cotton, silk, wool, and grasses, suchas hemp, flax, &c.,may be softened, decolorized, and cleansed without boiling.
- My process consists in the use of sulphurous acid hydrated-i. 0., dissolved in water-in connection with various proportions of an alkali, but principally sal-sod'a'i
- I would state that it is not new to deterge or cleanse the fiber by first steeping it in a weak acid, and afterward in an alkaline solution preparatory to bleaching the same by chlorine, and that it is also old in bleaching operations to employ the hyposulphite of soda or other alkali, together with a subsequent treatment by an acid, to decompose the salt and liberate the sulphurous acid in the fibers of the cloth to be bleached. I therefore lay no broad claim to these reagents,
- My invention consists for softening, deterging, and decolorizing the fiber; in using the hydrated sulphurous acid mixed and neutralized with a solution of an alkali in its crude state, instead of using the crystallized sulphite salt, whereby I not only avoid the expense of crystallizing the sulphite salt, but I also secure the-best bleaching effect of the compound, because of its fresh and newlyformed character, the same being pure and unoxidized, and its bleaching properties being consequently in their greatest degree of potency, in contradistinction to the impure character of the crystallized commercial sulphite salt, which, in its tendency to oxidize into the sulphate, is difiicult to keep, and soon depreciates in value as a bleaching-agent.
- the fabric or fiber is steeped in the mixed solution for from one'half hour to an hour, after which it is taken out, rinsed, and subjected to the ordinary processes of bleaching by sulphur or chlorine, as the case may require.
- My process of deterging and decolorizing is effected without the mechanical efiect of boiling, thereby saving the expense of steam, and in less than one-fourth part of the time now employed, and with less than half the labor.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
e-no' l S R i WILLIAM MAYNARD,
UGGILH seem PATENT QFFIoR or NEW YORK, N. Y.
. IMPRO MENT lN PROCESSES 0F .SOFTENING, DECOLORIZING. AND CLEANSING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBER.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 187,882, dated February 27, 1677; application filed September 21, 1876.
. 0f Softening, Decolorizin g, and Oleansin g Ailimal and Vegetable Fiber; and, I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and
exactdescription of the same.
My invention relates to the .use of detergents previous to bleaching, by which cotton, silk, wool, and grasses, suchas hemp, flax, &c.,may be softened, decolorized, and cleansed without boiling.
My process consists in the use of sulphurous acid hydrated-i. 0., dissolved in water-in connection with various proportions of an alkali, but principally sal-sod'a'i In referring to the processes having a resemblance to' mine, I would state that it is not new to deterge or cleanse the fiber by first steeping it in a weak acid, and afterward in an alkaline solution preparatory to bleaching the same by chlorine, and that it is also old in bleaching operations to employ the hyposulphite of soda or other alkali, together with a subsequent treatment by an acid, to decompose the salt and liberate the sulphurous acid in the fibers of the cloth to be bleached. I therefore lay no broad claim to these reagents,
nor to-the process referred to.
My invention consists for softening, deterging, and decolorizing the fiber; in using the hydrated sulphurous acid mixed and neutralized with a solution of an alkali in its crude state, instead of using the crystallized sulphite salt, whereby I not only avoid the expense of crystallizing the sulphite salt, but I also secure the-best bleaching effect of the compound, because of its fresh and newlyformed character, the same being pure and unoxidized, and its bleaching properties being consequently in their greatest degree of potency, in contradistinction to the impure character of the crystallized commercial sulphite salt, which, in its tendency to oxidize into the sulphate, is difiicult to keep, and soon depreciates in value as a bleaching-agent.
The application of this process I have found drated acid, cheaply to be the only method of thoroughly cleansi'ng, deoxidizing, and decolorizing fiber without boiling.
In carrying out my invention, I take a quantity of the liquid solution of the sulphurous acid, (11. 0., sulphurous acid hyd.rated,) and add to the same the requisite solutionof the alkali until the sulphurous-acid solution ceases to give up its fumes of sulphurous-acid gas. This change being noted, the quantity of alkali required to neutralize the sulphurous acid solution may be readily determined by inexperienced workmen.
In neutralizing the sulphurous acidl employ magnesia for silk, sal soda for cotton, and potash or soda for hemp, jute, and flax, as these reagents are best adapted to the special requirements of the several fibers.
The fabric or fiber is steeped in the mixed solution for from one'half hour to an hour, after which it is taken out, rinsed, and subjected to the ordinary processes of bleaching by sulphur or chlorine, as the case may require.
My process of deterging and decolorizing is effected without the mechanical efiect of boiling, thereby saving the expense of steam, and in less than one-fourth part of the time now employed, and with less than half the labor.
The neutralization of the sulphurous acid by the alkali, it will be seen, is also etfectednot by combining them in crystalline compounds of hyposulphite ot' s odabut by combining the crude alkali with the liquid hymanufaetured by my patented apparatus, thus saving the'expense of crystallization, which is ordinarily efi'ected by boiling the alkali with sulphur, and evaporating. p
This neutralization of the two reagents, also, according to my process, not only prevents the injurious caustic action of the stronger or weaker-alkali, but it effects the cleansingand decolorizing ot' the fiber'under the most favorable conditions, for the compound which is formed by the. sulpnurous acid and alkali is in a peculiar condition,
which experiment has demonstrated to be best adapted to the uses to which my invention is applied;
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is- The herein-described process of cleansing, softening, and decolorizing vegetable and animal fiber, by subjecting them to the action of hydrated sulphurous acid, and a solution of an alkali mixed in neutralizing proportions, substantielly as and for the purpose described.
The above specification of my invention signed by me this 20th day of September, 1876.
WM. MAYNARD.
Witnesses:
Enwn. W. BYRN, 301.0 (J. KEMON.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US187882A true US187882A (en) | 1877-02-27 |
Family
ID=2257289
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US187882D Expired - Lifetime US187882A (en) | Improvement in processes of softening, decolorizing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US187882A (en) |
-
0
- US US187882D patent/US187882A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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