US1877311A - Expulsion cut-out - Google Patents

Description

Sept- 13 1932. w. A. HEINRICH lExPULsroN cUT-ou'r Filed oct. 22, 1928 n l 0 H n l m 2 Dm S 2 l RN PVD ,I ce, of on m /HH//f//f/// f /ff O E T V T mA A Patented Sept. 13, 1932 waarna annmnrcn, or sr. Louis, M Issounr v nxrULsIorr CUT-our appimuoa ma oetober'az, 192s, serial Ramales.

This invention relates to fuse` switches and methodsv of making same, and particularly to the type of fuse switches known as expulsion cut-outs. A 4

5 The rupture of fuses in electric circuits, due to thepassage of excessiye current, is, in s most cases, accompanied by an '.arc which 'bridges the broken ends of thefuse conductor. This arc, which is due in great measure lo to the"'presence of current conducting gases, is aptto reach dangerous proportions in circuits transmitting and means must be rovided to interrupt the arc immediately a ter it has been formed.

In the expulsion type fuse, this 'is accomplished by causing the ra idliylr expandin ases vand vapgrs, createdyt e volatilize use` wire to expelled from the ruptured fuse conductor with sufficient force to snap 20 and extinguish the arc'.

The expulsion type fuse cutout herein described, consists,v in the main, of, two se arable parts. They are, briel ,the porce ain housing to which is secured t e terminal con- 25 nector's, and the fuse cartridge, which in constructionissimilartoagunbarrelandisadapted removably to engage the terminalconnectors within the porcelain housing. When itl becomes necessary to replace a brokenl fuse, 4 '30 the cartridge is. pulled entirely-clear of the housin the destroyed fuse removed, a new one su tituted, and the cartridge replaced..

Under severe short-circuit, -the fuse explodes 35- vided to prevent the cartrid being blown, due toA recoil action, entire y clear of the housing. Such means are found in certain of the prevailing types of fuse cutouts, toY

arge amounts. of power,

with great violence, and means must be proof improved locking and cartridge removing means forms 'a partial objective of the present invention.

' Vitrl'ied porcelain, because of its strength and ood insulting properties, 'is widely used or f use housings. A disadvantage of. the use of this materiahhas heretofore been encountered in the difliculty of effecting a satisfactory fastening lof the terminal connectors, contact clips, etc., to the porcelain, due to the fact that after the porcelain has' been fired, it is almost impossible todrill or thread it. The old method employed for fastening these members to tJhe housing was y to use lead or cement, but these4 materials have proven quite unsatisfactory. When lead is used to'bond a live element to the porcelain housing, conditions for condenser actionare usually set up, causing sparking. and leakage around the porcelainv which result in radio interference. The disadvantage in theuse of cement for the aforementioned purpose, liesin the timerequired for setting,` and the extreme care which must be exercised in the cementingprocess. Where secure?. ment is made with lead or cement as the bond, itis usually vnecessary to increase the ,exterior diameter of the housing, as the'thickness of the vporcelain vmust be maintained throughout. The present method, to be described, is directed tothe elimination of the disadvantages mentioned in .joiningmetal arts with porcelain Vor similar ceramic Furtherpdiilculties arise fromthe Afact-that ygg, y i

there must beno live parts of switch or fuse, nor any screws, nuts` bolts or other live parts, exposed on the outside of .the housing to be.- come grounded or to co e into accidental v contact with a person wo -ing'on the line.

A further objectof this invention, therefore, is to provide a simple and inexpensive means and method for securing terminal conc,

Oblt ,is to'provide-im- Further objects are vcuring the upper an placing-the cartridge being required to ac complish this purpose. l

directed toward ease of operation.

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following-detailed description and the accompanying illustration of apreferred embodiment ofmy invention, in which:

'Fig'. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation,

showing the parts assembled in operational relation; Fig. 2 is a plan looking into the cutout fromthe bottom, withthe cartridge removed for clearness; and Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 constitute parts of an exploded elevational view, partly in section, showing details of construction of a number of the major-ele,- ments. v

Referring by numerals to the drawing, the porclain housing is of tubular construction, its outer surface being preferably corrugated for reasons well known in the art. Grooves 5 and 6 internally disposed in the walls of the porcelain housing and at an appreciable distance from the ends, rovide means for selower terminal connectors 7 and 8 to the housing. The housing is shown as being of lesser internal diameter between the grooves, forming shoulders 9 and`10. Obviously, the grooves 5 and 6 are not required to be annular as shown, but may .consist of notches or indentations internally disposed in the walls of the housing, and which will serve the same purpose as that of the annular grooves, although-I prefer to use the construction shown. j

- The lower terminal connector -8, of such a 'shape and size as to cause a snug fit within the housing, is rovided with a central aperture 11, and wit contact clips 12, adapted to receive, in removable engagement, a lower '4 fuse clamp and contact member, hereinafter described. Spaced around, and extending at an angle from the outer periphery of the terminal connector is aplurality of prongs or fingers', 13, for the purpose of holding the terminal connector securely to the porcelain housing. This is accompllshed by inserting the terminal connector in theporcelain housin and seating it firmly against the intervna shoulder 10 formed by the .constricted central portion of the housing. The'prongs 13 are then driven or pressed radiallyoutwardly and into the grooves orl notches in the housing walls, thus permanently locating the terminal connector and preventing its being moved or pulled from the housing. A similar set of prongs or their equivalent 14, serves to position the terminal connector 7, disposed on the end of the housing opposite the recited connector, 8. Suitable binding posts or lugs, 15 and 16, are formedl on the terminal connectors to provide for engagement by the co n.

ductors, one of which is shown at 17, suitable entrance openings for the lconductors being provided and one shownat 18. l

the u per fuse clamp and to the explosion l cham r, hereinafter described.

The fuse cartridge consists essentially, of the explosion chamber 19, the insulating tube 20 and the lower fuse clamp and contact member 21. A porcelain closure or cap for the housing is indicated at 22 and serves also as an insulated handle for removing and replacing the cartridge. Rigidly secured to, and ependent from the cap along its longitudinal axis, is a frame-like structure 23 provided with transverse members 24. member 23 loosely engages, and is slidably associated with an exterior angulate por tion ofthe explosion chamber 19, and acts upon the. latter through Contact clips 25, which are fastened to the explosion chamber by means of screws or rivets, asshown. The contact clips 25, which are preferably constructed in strip form of a good conducting and resilient metal, are bent inwardly to form an acute angle with the contact surface,

26. Fingers 27 preferably formed integrally with, and projecting outwardly from the contact surface 26, are adapted to be brought The to register with the notches 28 in the upper tween the elements 24 and 25. An outward pull on the porcelain cap forces the transverse element 24 of the frame structure 23 against the, portion 29 ofthe contact clips, thereby constricting the clips and drawing the fingers 27 out of the notches 28, and allowing the cartridge to be freely removed from the housing. From the form-of con. lnection between the transverse members 24 and the contact clips 25, it will be seen that an outward, or withdrawing movement of the handle or closureelement 22, does not initially impart any movement, either to the contact clipsor to the cartridge as a whole.

Continuedl outward movement ofthe member 23v results, first, in constricting the clips,

.but still without lmovement of the cartridge;

lstill further movement of the handle or clo sure element 22 serves to apply a hammerlike blow or jar, due to the impact between transverse portions 24 and the outer hook ends 30, of the clips. This lost-motion or delayed-motion connection between thev fuse cartridge and handle for withdrawing it, aids lmaterially in unseating a cartridge which has beenlong in service, and where `the contacts may have become corroded to' '15 through the insulatin tube, the fuse is doubledback on the outsi e of the tube, and then secured to the lower contact member 2 1 by means ofset screw 33.

It is to be observed from the foregoing des cri tion that the invention provides an expedlent and economical method .for securing terminal connectors, contacts, and other similar parts, enerally, to porcelain housings,

and also loc ing means whereby a fuse carryin member is revented from bein removed g P g from the housm by recoil action which results from the vlolent blowing of a fuse, but which means permits the fuse carrying'member, under `any existing condition, to be un- '3 locked and easily removed by a single, rectilinear movement ofthe handle.

Having described a preferred embodiment of my invention, which in my present belief illustrates the best mode of applylng theprinciples thereof, I am,`at,the same time, aware that the invention may be embodied in other forms, all of which are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims. C

I claim as my invention;

1. In a fuse switch and the like, an enclosure, a-fuse, a manipulating element therefor and locking means whereby the fuse may be released from the enclosure and `dis osed therein for se'curementI against expu s1on,

said means adapted to be operated by reciprocating movement ofthe manipulating element. e I l 2. ,I'n a fuse switch and the like, an lenclosure, a fuse, a manipulating element therefor,

and means whereby thefuse ,may be placed in locked engagement with, secured a alnst `expulsion, and removed from the enc osure by movement of the mampulatlng element entirely within a .rectilinear pathmtersecting said enclosure.

3. In a fuse switch, an enclosure,a fuse holding element, and securing means there- 'i for whereby said element is adapted to be 1: withdrawn from, replaced, and locked in said' enclosure against pressures internal of the enclosure, said means being operable solely by endwise movement of the element relative to the enclosure. 4'.In' a fuse'switch and theilike an enclosure,"`a fuse, a mani ulatin element therefor, and means where y the use may be securedV against expulsion pressures, within the i.

enclosure, and released from the enclosure by rectilinear movement' of the manipulating e ement.

5. In a fuse switch and the like, an enclosure, a fuse, a fuse manipulating element arranged for movement along lts axis, and means whereby the fuse may be placed in locked engagement with, and released from the enclosure by axial movement of the manipulating element.

6. In a fuse switch, an enclosure, a removable fuse-holding element, adapted to be disposed within t e enclosure, an insulatin member for manipulation of said element an means 'connecting said element and member in lost-motion engagement.

7. In a fuse switch, an insulatingbody, a.

removable fuse-holder, adapted.y` to be disposed within the body, an insulated manipu-` lating member associated with the fuse' holder and.. constituting a closure for the. body, andv means connectin the manipulating member and fuse ho der, said means ada ted for initiating themovement ofthe hol er, by impact. v

8. Ina fuse switch, an enclosure, a removabley fuse holding element, and contacts therefor, adapted tobe disposed within the enclosure, an insulating h ndle associated with said holding elementY and means asso-l ciating' said handlein lost-motion relation with said holding element and contacts.

. 9. In a fuse switch, an enclosure therefor, a fuse holder and contacts ada ted to be disposed within the enclosure a andle for the fuse holder, and means, operatively connectin the handle, 'contacts and fuse holder,

and a apted upon movement ofthe handle,

` ment of sai to efect a movement of said contacts in advance of Amovement of said fuse holder.

10. In a fusekswitch, an enclosure therefor, a fuse holder adapted to be removably disposed within the enclosure, a handle for manipulatin said fuse holder and flexible contact mem ersl operatively connecting said' fuse holder and handle.

'11. In a fuse switch, an enclosure there-i for, a fuse holder and contact member adapted to be removably disposed within the enclosure, a handle for said fuse holder and means associated with said handle andcontact member, said means ada ted to ermit 4aninitiating movement of sai holder y impact, uponactuation of said handle.

12. In a fuse' switch, an enclosure therefor, vai fuse holder and contact members adapted to be removably disposed within the enclosure, a handle for said fuse holder, and means associated with 'the handle for actuating saidA contacts, independently ofl movefusebholder. 13. In 'a use switch, an

enclosure therelaoA for, a fuse cartridge removably disposed Within the enclosure, a'handle for actuating said cartridge, locking elements for the fuse holder and means associated vwith the handle 5 for actuating said locking elements independently of the fuse holder. 14. In a fuse switch, an enclosure therefor, a fuse cartridge, and contacts carried thereby, removably disposed within theen- 4 closure; a handle for removing and inserting said cartridge and means for permittin an unseating movement of said cartridge an contacts by impactive movement of the handle.

I "1'5 15. In a fuse switch, an enclosure therefor, a fuse holder removably disposed within the enclosure, a handle for said fuse holder, and combined contact members and locking elements for the fuse holder, said members 2o serving structurally to connect said handle and said fuse holder.

16. In a fuse switch, an enclosure therefor, a fuse holder removably disposed within the enclosure, a handle for said fuse holder, and combined contact members and locking means for the fuse holder, said locking means bein adapted for actuation by the handle in a vance of any movement of the fuse holder.

80 17. In a fuse switch, an enclosure therefor, a fuse cartridge, contacts lcarried by said cartridge, a handle for said cartridge and means for engaging and disengaging said contact members by manipulation of the handle, and independentlyof movement of the cartridge.

18. In a fuse switch, an enclosure therefor, a fuse holder removably disposed withinthe enclosure, a manipulating. element for 4o the holder, constituting a portion of the enclosure, and a one-piece locking element and contactl member associated with the fuse holder,.and serving to connect the fuse holder and manipulating element. v

l19. In a fuse switch, a tubular enclosure therefor, a fuse cartridge removably disposed within the enclosure, contact members adapted to lock said cartridge within the enclosure, and means external to the enclosure, for eecting a movement of said contacts, independently of movement 'of said cartridge. WALTER A. yHEINRICH.

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