US1871942A - Lead mahogany soap lubricant and method of preparing same - Google Patents

Description

5. petroleum hydrocarbon solvents. A further n provide a process for removin Patented Aug. 16, 1932 UNITED STATES" PATENT o'sslcs uadarca a. anvnson, or muons; minus. assrenoa 'ro s'raxnaan om coirrm (momma), or cmoaoo, rumors, a OOBPORA'IIOR or nmuna MEAD MAHOGANY SOAP LUBRICANT Io mm. Application fled Bay l8,

. This invention relates to an improved method and lubricant for the commercial preparation of lead mahogany soap in a form suitable for use as a lubricant.

The expression maho y has the same significance in this speci cation as it does in the petroleum industry. It is a eneric name for the preferentially bil solu le' radicals formed by the treatment of h drocarbon oil 10 with stron sulfuric acid in t e preparation of white oils.

The chest of my invention is to provide an improve process for preparing lead ma- I hogany soaps on a commercial scale, using pbject is to provide an improved lubricant, combining the desirable qualities of lead mahogany sea and oil in a new combination of these su stances. A further object is to salts and other impurities from lead ma ogany soap and for making. a: soap which is stable and I from which there will be no se aration of lead oxide or other salts. A in er object is to {I provide an improved-sequence of steps and regulation of proportions whereby clean selparation' of lead mahogany soap from as ts and other im urities can be efiected without a loss of yiel and without the formation of i so, objectionable emulsions. Other objects will.

be apparent as the detailed description of my. invention roceeds. g Y

When 011s, which have been-treated with stron sulfuric acid, are neutralized with so? 86, dium ydroxi'de,oil soluble sodium mahogany soa sare formed. which may be extracted wit naphtha. My invention contemplates the conversion of this sodium see ,into a lead soap and the separation of lea mahogany -40 soap from its reaction.- products. The features of this process are:

. 1. 'The use of oil as adiluent for reaction products prior to the naphtha extraction of th led 0a a .3. a S

The red li ction of the water content prior V to the additionof said haphtha,

'dium content ,otthe soap). The lead"acemnmnon or rnnr'aame em W 1030.; was are. 1.004.

for preventemulsification. The use of naphtha as a diluent without throwing the lead mahogany soap into the water layer. a 4. The subseq ent addition of water for removing impuri ies. 5. The final removal of solid and aqueous imauritie's by the addition of naphtha.

as commercial scale it is extremely difficult to separate reaction products from lead 'mahogany soap, but I have discovered that by carefully regulating volumetric proportions in a definite sequence of steps I can pre- Sare a lead mahogany soap which is free from eleterious impurities and which is combined with oil in a unique manner to form excellent lubricant for gears or for general use Lwh'erehigh rubbing pressures areapplied to relatively small surfaces. The invention will be more clearly understood from the detailed description oi a preferred embodiment.-

' The treatmentof troleum oils with coneentrated sulfuric acid to produce white oils is well known. It forms no object of the. Eeresent invention and it therefore will not described in, detail. When the acid treated oil has been neutralized with sodium 11 droxide, a sodium mahogany sea is forme which may be extracted wit alco 01 and purified.

rocess'I may rt with w at is techm y own as Grade A sodium aho 3' soap which consists of 70% soa 2095? 3 to 5% water, and 5 to 8% occlu ed salts.

Asolution of lead acetate is 'prepared,the amount being calculated to ve an excess. of about 40 to 50% .(calcula from the so dium content of the soap.) The lead acetate solution, which is dissolved in a volume of water slightly less than. the volume 01 soap in a heated vessel by'stirring. The tem- Eerature is maintained sli tly above the oiling oint of water, since he obiect of this step is to remove a large moon of water a from the mixture. If water is not removed at this point, the lead maho any soap will form an emulsion therein w en na htha is added, and a separation of the desired end products will be impossible. If too much water is evaporated at this point, the mixture will become resinous and insoluble in oil, water or naphtha. It is essential, there fore, that the final water content at this time should be between 15 and When the reaction products have been treated and agitated until its water content is only from 15 to 35%, I add, with continued stirring, two volumes of oil to the mixture (the original volume of sodium mahogany soap being taken as a unit volume.) The pro erties of the oil have a marked influence on t e remaining steps of the roeess and on the quality of the finished r not. I refer to use a heavy over-head lu ricatin oi having a viscosit of 105 to 115 Sa bo t at 210 F. (this oil ein commercial y known as Polarine). have-discovered that the addition of oil is essential to effect a satisfactory separation and I prefer to use two volumes of oil because this quantity gives most satisfactory results and at the same time makes it possible to obtain a high lead content in the finished product.

After oil has been added to the mixture,

it is again heated and agitated until the water content is reduced to from 1 to 20%, preferably from 2 to 8%. The mixture is then allowed to cool and about 10 to 15% of naphtha is mixed with it. If the water content is too high when the naphtha is added, a difiicult emulsion is formed and subsequent s'eparation. is practically impossible. I have found that about 11% of naphtha gives excellent results under the circumstances herein set forth.

After the naphtha has'been added, the mixture is diluted with an amountof water equal to the combined volume ofsoa oil and naphtha. When the water is ad ed at this stag no a rious emulsion is formed and substantially all water soluble salts and impurities, suchas lead acetate, lead sulfate, sodium acetate, sodium sulfate, etc. are removed from the oil, soap and naphtha mixture. After a thorough agitation, this mixture is allowed to settle, and when a clear line of demarcation ap ars between the oil and aqueous layers, e upper layer of oii: soa and naphtha diluent is decanted or sipnpned from the aqueous layer.

a oil, soap and 'na'phtha mixture is further diluted with na htha so that the total naphtha content .is 1510111; 33% of the mixture. This last step removes the occluded salts and water remaining in the oil layer, and renders the solution bright in color. It

I is extremely important that all salts and imurities be removed from the soap and the st steps of this process should be repeated if the mixture is cloudy at this point. When the upper layer is bri ht, it is removed and concentrated preferab y by steam distillation. .If the last naphtha layer is not bright, the heated soap mixture will form a still, tough, apparently irreversiblejell.

When naphtha is removed from the finished product there remains a composition comprised of lead mahogany soa and lubricatin g oil. This mixture is of light red color and may be almost transparent. Its viscosiiay is from about 200 to 500 Saybolt at 210 and it has a lead content of from 3 to 5%.

This composition is an exce tional efl'ective lubricant for rear axles o automobiles and for other uses where any rubbing friction at extremely high pressure is encountered.

While I have described myinvention in detail, it is understood that I do not limit myself to the specific oils or to temperatures, proportions, etc. except as defined--- by the appended claims the viscosity of the finished product may be varied by the use of difi'erent diluent oils, and the consistency of the soap may be varied by use of sodium mahogany soaps from difl'erent sources. A special feature of m invention is the fact that my finished lea soap is free from solid im uritiee or from potential im urities. (Unsta le substances which may ater break down to give solid impurities. This is articularly important 1n the lu rication 0 bearings where solids separating from a lubricant might cause corrosion, and jamming in delicate mechanism. 1 I

I claim:

1. A lubri ant comprising lead mahogany soap substan ially free from salts and impunties and a lubricating oil substantially free from salts and impurities.

2. A lubricant comprising a lubricatin oil and a'lead maho y soap substantially iree from salts and mpurities, the lead content of said lubricant being about 8% 3. The method of preparing a lubricant comprising lead mahogany soap and 011 substantially free from salts and impumtms which comprises adding lubricating 011 to a mixture of lead mahogany soap, water and impurities, reducingmthe water in sa d mixhire to an amount low 20%, diluting the mixture with naphtha, and mixing water with the diluted mixture for separating the salts and impurities.

4. The method of making lead mahogany soap which comprises mixing sodium mahogany soap with lead acetate and water reducing the water content to 15 to 35%, adding lubricating oil to said mixture, further reducin the water content to about 5 0, adding about 10 to 15% naphtha, ad 'ng an amount of water equal in volume to the volume of the mixture, separating the oililayer from the aqueous layer, removing e 0e:

l mahogany soap and oil which comprises reducing the percentage of water to an amount of from 1% to 20% prior to the addition of diluent naphtha, diluting the mixture with naphtha, a ding water to the diluted mixture, and mechanically separating the resulting aqueous phase from the oil hase.

Signcd'this 29th day of Apri 1930, at

Whiting, in-the county of Lake, State of Indiana. 15 MAURICE H. ARVESON GERTlFlCA'lE oF CORRECTION.

' Patent No. 1,371,942. August 16, I932.

MAURICE n. Anveson,

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification ol.the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 86, strike out the syllable and words "diurn content of the soap). The lead ace-" and insert instead sodium mahogany soap, is mixed with said; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

l mahogany soap and oil which comprises reducing the percentage of water to an amount of from 1% to 20% prior to the addition of diluent naphtha, diluting the mixture with naphtha, a ding water to the diluted mixture, and mechanically separating the resulting aqueous phase from the oil hase.

Signcd'this 29th day of Apri 1930, at

Whiting, in-the county of Lake, State of Indiana. 15 MAURICE H. ARVESON GERTlFlCA'lE oF CORRECTION.

' Patent No. 1,371,942. August 16, I932.

MAURICE n. Anveson,

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification ol.the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 86, strike out the syllable and words "diurn content of the soap). The lead ace-" and insert instead sodium mahogany soap, is mixed with said; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore, Acting Commissioner of Patents.