US1866202A - Autogun - Google Patents

Description

i AUTOGUN" Filed oct. 7', 1931 s sheets-sheet 1 W. C. FLOYD AUTOGUN July 5, 1932.

Filed 0st. '7, 1931 3 Sheets-Shawl*l 2 Wr C, FLOYD July 5, 1932.

AUTpGUN Filed Oct. '7, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 LDS ff l@ wm uw Sw Q H Patented ,i July 5,l 1932 WILLIAM 0,'1FL0YD,

F HAWKINSVILLE, GEORGIA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-THIRD TOLD. A. SIMPSON, OE' HAWKINSVILLE, GEORGIA i Vintroduit l Application filed october 7, 1.931. serial No. 557,503.Y

H This invention aims to provide an automatic pistol which may have the usual trigger guard and grip of the old time revolver.` Another object of the invention is to provide novel means for cocking the hammer, by the backward` movement of a slide, which operates independently of the barrel, the barrel being fixed against longitudinal movement. Another object of the invention is to provide 0 a novel three-piece construction inthe trigger, thetrigger operator and the hammer.

` A further object of the invention isto improve 4the construction of the magazine which carries the cartridges. A still further object 5 ofthe inventionis to improve the safety mechanism; a ,i It is withinthe province of the disclosure to'improve generally and to enhance the'utiltion `appertains. l a e VVith the `above and other objects in view, `which will appear `as the description pro.-

ceeds, the `invention `residesin`the combination and arrangement of parts and in the de` d. tails of construction hereinafter described ""'J with the parts in firing position;

Figure Sis a view similar to Figure 2 but showing the parts `as they will appear when in' loading position;

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section on the line Llf-i of Figure 1; i i e l Figure 5 is a bottom plan `view of the slide; Figure Gis a top plan view of the frame of the pistol, with the slide removed;

. Figure`7 is a side elevation of the barrel;

Figure 8 is a longitudinal section vtaken `approximately on the line 84-8 of Figure2;

"Figure 9 is. a transverse vertical section taken approximately on the line 9-9 of Figy ityof devices of that type to 'which the inven` Figure 10 is aside elevation of one of the safety slides; i

Figure 11 is a side elevation of another of the safety slides; Y- Figure 12 is a side y elevation showing a modification. e

The firearm forming the subject matter of this application comprises a frame 1 supplied with a forwardly prolonged extension 2. In

the upper part of the extension 2, at the forward end thereof, there is a longitudinal groove 3, to be seen in Figure V6. Across the groove 3, at the `rear end thereof, extend transverse ribs 4, (Figures 6 and2) which are formed integrally with `the `frame 1. There is an opening' through theframeof the pistol', andV this opening is located to the rear of the ribs 4, as Figures 6 and 2 will show.

The frame 1 has an upstanding lug 6- (Figures 3 and 6) `located at the rear end of the opening. VIn the frame `1,`to the rear of the lug ,6, there is a slot 7 (Figures 6, 2 and 3). The frame. 1 and its extension 2 are provided with guide grooves 8 on their opposite sides, 'and these grooves are shown in Figure 9.

Below the slot 7, a compartment 9is formed in the frame 1, and the compartment 9 com-A municates with a compartment 10 formed in a grip 11, the grip being fashioned very much like the grip of an old time' revelver, as distinguished from the gripof a modern automatic pistol, one of the "objects of the invention being to provide an' automatic pistol which Vhas a vgrip of the kind mentioned. f

The frame 1 has a vertical receiver 12 for the magazine (hereinafter described) the receiver being located below the opening 5 in the frame 1. `A trigger guard 14C is carried by the frame 1 .and extends between the grip 11A and the receiver 12.

A barrel is shown in` detail in Figure 7 of the drawings, andis marked by the numeral 15. It has an enlargement 16 at its rear end, andthis enlargementforms a shoulder 17. In the bottom of the enlargement 16 there are transverse grooves 18. The barrel 15 is received in the groove 3 of the'extension 2 of the frame `1 (Figures 2 and 6), and the transverse grooves 18 of the barrel 15 receive the transverseribs 4c of the frame 1. The

V, tudinal movement.

barrel 15, thus, in cooperation with parts hereinafter described, .is held against longi- In the rear end of the enlargement 16 of the barrel 15,'at one side thereof, there is a notch 19, for the shell ejector, which will be Vdescribed hereinafter.

A. slide 20 is mounted'for longitudinal reciprocation on the frame 1, the slide being trough-shaped in cross section, as Figure 9 will show.Y YThe slidel20 is provided with longitudinal ribs 21 (Figures 51and 9) and these ribs slide in the guide grooves 8 ofthe frame 1.Y It can be seen in the Figures and 4 that, at its forward end, the slide 20 lhas a longitudinal groove 22 which receives the barrel 15. Behind the groove 22, the slide 20 has la thickened part 23. [The slide 20 carries the rear sight-24 and the front sight 25. The Y numeral 26 designates an L-shaped guide, including a transverse part and a longitudinal part, to be seen clearly in F igures3 and 2 of the drawings. The slide20 is provided at itsforward end (Figure 5) with a recess- 27 in which the transverse part vof the Vguide 26 fits, the guideV 26 being held upon' the slide 2O by means of securing element28, the guide constituting, to all intents and'purposes, .a

part of the slide 20. l The forward extension 2 of the Aframe Vlis slidably received in the 4longitudinal part of the guide 26. A com- Y pression Yspring 29 is located in the groove 22 of the slide 2O (Figure 5) and in" the corresponding groove 3 of the extension 2 of the frame-1. rllhe compression spring sur- V roundsthe barrel 15, one end of the spring abutting-against transverse part of the guide 26, and the opposite end of the spring abutting against the shoulderA 17 that is formed by the enlargement 16 of the barrel 15.l The barrel 115 is held against longitudinal moveofthe barrel 15.

ment bythe ribs 4 on the extension 2 of the frame 1,/and by the correspondingshapedV grooves 18 yof the barrel, and, therefore, the function of the spring 29, abutting againstl the transverse part of the guide 26 which is.v

secured at 28 to the slide 20, is to advance the slide. The slide 20 has a hole 30 on one side, shown `in Figures 1 and 9. In the hole- 30 operates a spring actuated shell ejector 31 (Figures 1 and 4) carried by the'slide, and

adapted to cooperate with the notch 19 (Figreciprocation in the slide 20 and the move-'V` ment of the firing pin is limited by a cross pin 35in the Vslide 20.* The firing pin 34 is re-V tracted by a compression spring 36, disclose`d in Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings.

The hammer is marked by the'numeral 37 vand is adapted tocooperate with the firing vpin 34. The hammer 37 extends into the compartment 9 of the frame 1', and is mounted to swing on apivot element .38, carriediby the frame 1, and holding in place a closure Vplate 39 (Figure 1)V for the frame compartment 9 (Figure VIn the lower portion of its forward edge, the hammer 37 has a full-A VVment 10 of the grip 11, and slides in a transverse partition 44 carried by the grip 11. The plunger 41 has an abutment 45'. A compression spring 46 surrounds the plunger 41, one

end of the spring engaging .the abutment 45 f and the other end of the spring-engaging the Ypartition 44. The function of, the Yspring 46 is to move the' plunger 41 upwardly, thereby swinging the hammer 37' from the position of Figure 3 to the position Vof Figure 2. In the lower end of the plunger 41 there is another abutment 145. Y A' compression springY 146 surrounds the lower` end of the plunger 41, one endofthe spring engaging the abutment 145, and the opposite end ,ofthe spring engaging the partition 44. `The spring 146 is weaker than thespring 46,V and Vthe ,function of the spring-146 is to pull the hammer l back to safety position, or half-cock, after the arm has been fired. The spring 146 acts counter tothe spring. 46, but the spring v146 is so .much weaker than the spring 46 that the eiiciency ofthespring 46 nasa means formoving the hammer 37 to firing position is not impaired enough to cutany figure.

A trigger 47 extends Y within the trigger guard 14, and the trigger extends into the compartment 9 of the ,frame 1.- "The trigger 47 is mounted to swing on a pivot element 48,

Vsecured in theframe 1, and aiding in holding the closure plate 39 .in place. i The trigger 47 carries a rearwardly extended sear'49, adapted to cooperate'with the notches 49 and 140 of the hammer 37. In the rear part of the sear 49 there is an'elongated guide slot 50, receiving a cross screw 51, mounted in the frame 1 and in the closure plate 39. The vnumeral 52 designates an angular sear operator disposed in the compartment 9. The sear. operator 52 is mounted for swinging'movement on a pivot. element 5 3 carried by the frame 1 and the closure-plate 39. One end of the sear operator .52 extendsupwardlyfthrough the slot 7 in the frame 1, into the path ofthe shoulder 7 8 which exists in the slide 20, at

verse notch 59 (Figure 9).

endof the sear operator 52 bears onthe upper end ofthe sear 49, under the impulse of a compression spring `54, which is interposed be tween the frame 1 and the rear end of the sear.

A1 removable magazine 55 is insertable into the receiver 12 and is held in the receiver by al transverse, spring a-ctuated latch 56 (Figures 3and 9) mounted to. reciprocate in the forward portion of the trigger guard 14.

` .Units rear edge, the magazine 55has a rib` 58, in which a keeper 57 is formed, the keeper being adapted toreceive the latch 56, as Figure 3 willfshow'.

When the latch `56 is in the outwardly projected position of fao Figure `9, the latch is engaged in the keeper 57 ofthe rib 58 on the `magazine 55, and the magazine cannotbe removed. By` shoving` .the latch 56 inwardly, however, the notch59 in thelatch is brought opposite to the rib 58 on the magazine 55, and, then, the magazine can belremoved; The magazine 55 extends upwardly'into the opening 5 of the frame 1,

The magazine 55 is provided at its lower end `with a forwardly extended tail `piece 60,

against which presses a spring actuated alungerl, mounted to slide in the receiver l2, the function `off the plunger 61 being to start the magazine 55 downwardly, when the latch 56 has been pushedinwardly to release the magazine 55 for downward movement.

`A follower 62 isf'mountedfor reciprocation inthe'imagazine 55,and is advanced by a compression spring 6.3 located in the magaz1ne.,;` Q Y y The shells 64, which are advanced, one after another, by the follower62 andthe spring H63, are stored in the magazine 55.

`near to the rear end thereof and shown in Figures 8 and 6. Theslide 65 reciprocatesV behind a guide 67, secured to one side of the frame .1, within the compartment 9.` The slide`65 carries a` laterally `extended and "downwardly prolongedshoulder 68, which maybe in the formofa block, securedto the slide. v In the forward end of theslide 65 there is an elongatedslot 69 (Figure 11) receiving a securing element170, such as a headed screw,

`mounted in the guide 67.

The latch56 has a transthe frame 1. At its forward end, the second safety slide 71 hasa depending bevelled head 74, operating through an opening 75 (Figure 3) in the frame 1. The bevelled head 74 of the slide 71 is adapted to cooperate with the `magazine 55, in aV waywhich will be pointed outhereinafter. ATheslide 71eXtends backwardly above the guide 67. A compression spring 76 is interposed between the rear end of the slide 71 and a portion of the frame 1, and is adapted to advance the slide, when the magazine 55 is removed. The slide 71 has a of the sear 49, when the second slide 71 moves forwardly from the position of Figure 3. In a similar way, the shoulder 68 on the safety slide 65 is adapted to engage above the rear, upper end of the sear 49, whenthe said slide is moved backwardly from the position of Figure 3.

Let it be presumed that the parts are in 'the positions of Figure 2, the, pistol having ,been fired. The shell 64 in the rear end of the barrel 15 carries the slide 20 backwardly, as the said shell is exploded, the spring 29 being compressed.` As `the slide 20 `moves backwardly, the shell is stopped by Contact 31 of Figure .4 throws the shell outwardly `through the opening 30 (Figure l) of the slide V2O. .As the slide 20 moves backwardly, another shell is advanced by the follower 62,

into the position of Figure 3, when the slide 2O moves rearwardly, the shoulder 78 (Figure 3) of the slide and engages the upper end of the sear operator 52, and tilts the sear operator on its fulcrum 53, the rear end of the sear V,operator 52 swinging downwardly, and carrying the rear end of the sear 49 downwardly, the upper end of the sear being engaged in the full-cock notch 40v of the hammer 37, the spring 54 acting, also, to carry the rear end of the sear operator 52 downwardly, as aforesaid.V The trigger 47 visswung forwardly, and the arm now is cocked, as in Figure 3, with the slide 20.still retracted.

The springV 29 has been compressed, and thisrspring reacts, and moves the slide 20 forwardly, to the positionof Figure 2, with `the shoulder 79 behind the shell 64 which is in place in the barrel 15, the hammer 37 remaining 1n the cocked position of Figure 2.

The operator, 1n order to discharge the arm, tilts the trigger 47 rearwardly, thereby raising the rear end of the sear 49 and disreduced, depending linger 77 which is adapt- Y ed to be advanced above the rear, upper end .withthelug 6 of Figure 3, and the ejector iis 'reo

ies

engagingthe rear end of the sear from the notch 40'in the trigger 37, the rear' end of the sear operator 52 beingf'raised, the vforward, upper end of the searv operator being lowered in the Yslotv7 of theframe 1, and the spring 54; being compressed. rilhe hammer 37, responding to the movement ofthe plunger 4l, under the1 actuation of the spring 46, passes. to the position of Figure 2 and strikes'. the tiring pin 34, the tiring pin being advanced to discharge the shellwhich is in 77 (Figure 10) of the safetyfslide 71 tothe rear ofthe upper end of the sear 49, as shown in dotted line in Figuref2, and thetrigger 47 maybe pulled,so farV as any interference on the part of the safetyslide 711-is concerned. When, however, the magazine is removed fromthe receiver 12,'then "the spring 76l ad; Y vances vthe slide 71 untilth'e finger 177 of Figure 10 is'vabove the upper, rear end of the sear49, and the trigger-47 cannot be pulled. The result is that it is impossible to shoot the pistol with themagazine 55;.partly in place. `The armV cannot bedischarged until the magazine 55 has been restoredto the position of .Figure 2, so as to engage the Y bevelled head 74 ofthe slide: 71 and to carry the slide'rearwardly, out of engagement with the rear, upper vend of the sear 49. n.

The slide is under the control of an operator. 1When the slide 65 is advanced to the position of Figure 2,'the shoulder 68 of Figures 11 and 2 is in front of the upper-fend of the sear 49, and to one side ofthe sear. The trigger 47, therefore, may be pulled at will, but when the voperator drawsl theslide 65 backwardly, by means of the laterally projecting portion thereof, shown in Figure 8, then the shoulder 6,8 of the slide is above the rear, upper end of the sear 49, and Jdie trigger 47 cannot be pulled. e

ln View of what has been stated hereinbefore, it'will be clear that the pistol `has two safety mechanisms, one Yofvwhichis under the control of an operator, and is designated byV the numerall 65, the other of which is under the control ofthe magazine 55, and is desig-V nated'by the numeral 71.

1 The device forming the subject matter of this applicationhas many advantages, one

pli-city. Y Y Y Vpresumption that there isno cartridge in the"1V barrelafter withdrawingthe magazine 55, `being Vmade impossible. The sear 49 is formedV in one piece with the trigger 47 and operates lwithout springs. The working mechanism immediately.associated with the e trigger '47, embraces but three pieces, name- Vly, the scar 49, the hammerv 37, and the sear operator 52. rIhe arm may be operated with great 'rapidity, notwithstanding vits simlnfFigure 12, the parts hereinbefore described have been designated by numerals previously used, withk the Vsuffix a. The modification consists in making the magazine 55Valonger than the magazine 55 of Figure 2, and the arm, in the form of Figure 12, becomesa two handedl machine pistol, it loeing possible to hold the grip 11a in one hand,

.and thedownwardly projecting part of the magazine 55a in the Vother What is claimed is y ,Y 1. A pistol comprising afram'e, a hammer movably mounted on the frame,a barrel fixed hand. Y

' upon'the frame, a slide mounted .toreciprocate ori the frame, the slide' forming an abutment for a'cartridgey in the barrel, the slide being rearwardly. movable, responsive tothe recoil Vof anexpl'oding cartridge, to move the slide rearwardly,`the slide engaging the hammer, as the slide'moves rearwardly, thereby to cock the hammer, spring means for advancingthe slide, firing, means carried by the slide and to cause the searto engage the hammer and hold the hammer cocked, the searoperator eX- tending into the path of the slide, whereby, when the slide moves rearwardly, to cock the hammer, the slide will act, through the instrumentality of the sear operator,'to engage the sea-r with the hammer.

2.714VA pistol comprising a frame, a hammer movably mounted on the frame, a barrel fixed upon the frame, a slide mounted to reciprocate onthe frame,the slide forming 1an' abutment for a cartridge in the barrehthe slide being rearwardlyv movable, responsive to the recoil of'pan exploding cartridge,to move the slide rearwardly, the slide engaging the hammer, asthe slide moves rearwardly, thereby to cock the hammer, spring-means for advancing the slide, tiring means carried by the'V slide and locatedbetween the hammer and the barrel, a trigger movably.mounted upon theframe, and carrying, fixedly connected therewith, a sear which engages the hammer, to `hold the hammer cocked, a shear operator movably mountedon the frame and 'engaging the sear,

e to cause theysear toengage the hammer and hold the Ahammer cocked, the Vsear operator extendinginto the' path of the slide, wherebygwhen theislide moves rearwardly, to cock the hammer," the slide will act, through' the instrumentality of the sear operator, to engage the searwith the hammer, a magazine and means associatedtherewith for carrying a-cartIidge from the magazine to a position.

in vfront fof thel slide,when the `slide is retrated, the slide advancingthe cartridge intothe barrel, when the slide is advanced, means Afor mounting the `magazine movably in the frame,` and a safety member movably mounted on theframe and engaging the'sear,`

i to hold the Sear engaged with the hammer,

when the hammer is cocked, the .safety inem` `ber extending into the path of the magazine,

`move the slide rearwardly, the slide engaging the hammer, as the slidemoves rearwardly,

i thereby to cock the'phammer, spring means for advancing the slide, ring means carried by the slide and located between the hammer and the barrel,` a trigger movably mounted upon the frame; cooperating elements com- Y "prising a searfi'xedly connected to the trigi ger, and a Sear operator movably mounted y on the frame; the sear engaging the hammer to hold the hammer cocked, the sear operator engaging the Sear to cause the sear to engage lthe hammer and to hold the hammer cocked, the sear operator extending into the path of Jthe slide, whereby, when the slide moves rearwardly, to cock the hammer, the

slide will act, through the instrumentality of `the Sear operator, to enga-ge the sear with the hammer, a magazine and means associated therewith for carrying a cartridge A from the magazine to a position in front of 1 the slide, when the slide is retracted, the

slide advancing the cartridge into the barrel, when the slide is advanced, means for mounting the magazine movably on the frame, `and a safety member movably mounti ed on the framefand engaging one of said cooperating elements, to hold the sear engaged with the hammer, when the hammer is cocked, the safety member extending into the pathV of the magazine, as the magazine is i introduced into the frame, whereby the magazine will"y move the safety member out of n vengagement with said one" of said cooperating elements. i

4L A pistol comprising a frame, a hammer movably mounted on theA frame, a barrel fixed upon the frame, a slide mounted to reciprocate on the frame, the slide forming an abutment for a cartridge inthelbarrel,

the slide being rearwardly movable, respon-f sive to the recoil of'an exploding cartridge, to n 'iove the slide rearwardly,Y the slide engagmg the hammer, `as the slide moves rear,-

wardly, thereby to cock4 the hammer, springV means for advancing the slide, `firing means carried by the slide and located between the;

hammer. and the barrel, a trigger movably mounted upon the frame; cooperating elements comprising a sear fixedly connected to the trigger, and a Sear operator movably mounted on the frame; the sear engaging the hammer to hold the hammer cocked, the Sear operator engaging the sear to cause the Sear to engage4 the hammer and to holdfthe hammer cocked," the sea-r operator extending into the path of the slide, whereby, when the slide moves rearwardly, to coclrthe hammer,

the slide will act, through the instrumental-VV upon the frame, a slide mounted to reciprocate on the frame, the slide forming an abut ment for a cartridge in the barrel, the slide being rearwardly'movable, responsive to the recoil of an exploding cartridge, to move the slide rearwardly, the slide engaging the hammer, as the slide moves rearwardly, thereby to cock the hammer, `spring means for ad-` vancing the slide, firing means carried by the slide and located between the hammer and the barrel, a trigger movably mounted upon the frame; cooperating elei'nents comprising a senr iixedly connected to thel trigger, and a sear operatormovably mounted on the frame; thersear engagingl the hammer to hold the li'amnier cocked, the vsear operator engaging the seaito cause the searto engage the hammer and to `hold the hammer cocked, the sear operator extending into the path ofthe slide,`whereby`, whenthe'slide moves rearwardly,to cock the hammer, the slide will act, through the instrumentality of the sear operator, to ,engage the sear with the hammer, a

safety member iinder the control of an opera- Y tor and movably mounted on the frame, theA safety member beingV en'gageable with one of said cooperating elements,` to hold the Sear engaged with the hammer when the haminer is cocked, a: magazine and means associated therewith for carrying a cartridge from the ion magazine to a position in front ofthe slide", when the slide is retracted, the slide advanc\ ing the cartridge intoitheV barrel, when the slideis advanced,means for mounting the magazine ymovably on the frame, and aseoond safety'member movably mounted onvthe frameand engaging one of said cooperating elements, to hold th'e'searV engaged withthc vhammer,whenthe hammer is cocked, the sec# ond safety member extending into the path of the magazine, as the magazine 1s Vintroduced into the frame, whereby'the magazine will movethe second-safety Amember out of Y engagement with that oneofsaid cooperatving Yelements which the safety member vengages.V Y

' 6. A'pistol comprising a frame, a hammer movably mounted on the frame,abarrel fixed vupon the frame, a slide. mounted ,to reciprocate on the frame` thev slide forming an abut- Vmentfor a cartridge iny the barrel, the slide being rearwardlymovable, responsive to the recoil of an exploding cartridge, to move the slide rearwardly, the slide engaging the hammer, as the slide moves rearwardly, thereby to cock the hammer, spring means for advancing the slide, firing means carried by the slide and located between the hammer I and the barrel, a. trigger movablyimounted lso upon the frame; cooperating elementsY comf prising a sear fixedly connected to the trigger, and a sear operator movably mountedon the frame' the sear enffaofm the hammer to V7 C 'C3 i holdlthe hammer cocked, the sear operator y o Aengaging thesear to cause the sear to engage the hammer and to hold the hammer cocked, the sear operator extending into the path of the slide, whereby, when the slide moves magazine movably on thel frame, a safetyf` member movably mountedron the frame and engaging one of said cooperating elements, to

hold the sear engaged with the hammer, when the hammer is cocked, the safety membervextending into the pathV of the magazine, as the magazine is introduced into the frame, whereby the magazine will move the safety member Vout of engagement with said one of said co'- operatmg elements, a second safety member under the control of an operatorand movably mounted onfthe frame, the. second safety Ymember-*being Vengageable with one ofsaid ,Y gaged .withthe cooperating elements, to vhold thesear enhammer,` when the hammer. is

cocked.

Y 715A;- pistol lcon'iprising aframe having grip, a hammer movably mounted onv the frame, a barrel-fixed upon the frame, a. slide mounted to reciprocate on the frame, the slide forming anA abutment fora cartridge 1in the barrehgtheslide being rearwardly movable, responsive to the recoil of an exploding oartridge, to move the slide rearwardly, the slide engaging the Y hammer, as theiSlide tino/ves rearwardly, thereby to cocki the hammer,

springn means for advancing the slide, firing Y means carried by the slide andlocated bef tweenthe hammer and the barrel, a plunger engaged pivotally at its upper .en'd with the hammer and" extended Y downwardly intov ther grip, a member lcarried by the grip, fand wherein the plunger can swing and also slide longitudinally, and springsaboutftheplunger, the springs'having their inner-ends in abutment withV said member, vtheir outer ends being in abutment with the plunger, one of said springs being an actuating spring for the plunger andthe'hammer, andthe other of saidsprings being a rebound spring which operates onv theV plunger to'move the hammer to safety position. l r a ln testimonythat I claimthe foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature.

WILLIAM o. FLOYD.

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