US1849975A

US1849975A - Grate for gas producers

Info

Publication number: US1849975A
Application number: US327433A
Authority: US
Inventors: Cousin Paul Achille Joseph
Original assignee: Ernest Arnoult SA Ets
Current assignee: ERNEST ARNOULT Ets SA; Ernest Arnoult SA Ets
Priority date: 1927-12-30
Filing date: 1928-12-20
Publication date: 1932-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 1949-03-15

Description

March l5, l932. P. A. Jcu'sm GRAT FoR GAS PRODUCERS Filed Deo. 20, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet l @SM /Hven-fif P. A. J. COUSIN GRATE FOR GAS PRODUCERS March 15,1932.

v 4 sheets-sheet 2 Filed Dec. 20. 1928 March 15, 1932. 'P A. J. COUSIN GRATE FOR GAS PRODUCERS Filed'nec. 2o, 1928 4 sheets-sheet 5 /NveNTa/Q @if WM March 15, 1932. 4|=., A. J. couslN GRATE FOR GAS PRODUCERS Filed Dec. 20, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 nasi-v1 /NveN-ra/ Patented Mar. 15, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT omer:

PAUL ACHILLE JOSEPH COUSIN, OF LOOS LES LILLE, FRANCE, ABSIGNOB TO IE'IIYABLIBSE-V MENTS ERNEST ARNOULT, SOCIT ANONYHEfOF .PABIBFFRANOE V Gurn ron Gas rnonucnns Application led December 20, 19'88, Serial No. 327,488, and in France December 30, 1887. 4

The present invention relates to a grate for gas producers which is chiefly characterized by the fact that it comdprses hollow bars which are laced side by si e and are adapted f: to utilize t e gas producing process in which air is insuiilated through submerged channels into the water of the ash pit.

The hollow bars are provided on their outer surface with elements which permit, by

l0' the oscillatory movement of the said bars, to break up the slag and to effect the mechanical cleaning of the producer grate.

In the following considerations, the grate is supposed to be employed in a gas producer.

' If it is utilized in a furnace, the air pressure and the immersion of the channels will be suitably regulated to provide for the combustion of the fuel in the furnace and not for the production of gas.

Further characteristics will be specified in the following description.

In the accompanying drawings which are given by way of example Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sec tion on line 1-1 of Fig. 3 of a gas producer provided with a rate according to the invention, the section ing made upon one of the grate bars; l

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 kof Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an external View of one of the grate bars;

Fig. 5 is a cross section of the grate bar in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a lengthwise section of another grate bar;

Fig. 7 is a cross section of the grate bar in Fig. 6.

In the form of construction herein represented, the grate consists of a plurality of bars placed side by side. The said bars are hollow, and each bar properly so called comprises a removable element 2 and an interchangeable element 3, as shown in Fig. 1. The element 2 is held in place in a sleeve 4 which is cast in one with the front structure 5 of the gas producer, which is secured in the front brickwork of the producer. The

Vfree end 6' of the element2 has a olygonal shape, for instance, a hexagonal s ape, and this end is adapted for insertion into a correspondlng recess 51 in the interchangeable element 3. By this arrangement, when the element 2 of the bar is oscillated, as will be further specified, it will oscillate the inter-' changeable element 3. The element 2 is Journalled at 7 and is thus oscillated in the said sleeve 4. The lengthwise motion of the element 2 relatively to the sleeve 4 is pre-l vented on one side by a flange 8 formed in one with. said element 2 and on the other side by a ring 9 which is fitted on when the grate is constructed. Y

The said element 2 is further provided with worm (or other) teeth 10 formed in one therewith and serving to drive the whole bar arrangement. The element 2 is provided at its end outside the front of the gas producer with a stufing box 11 for the insertlon of an air blast pipe 12 which extends throughout the whole length of the bar, thus avoiding the use of a tight joint between the elements 2 and 3 which would complicate the-construction of the grate. The pipe 12.is provided with ay fiange 13 by which it is connected through the medium of the pipe 14 to a com mon air blast pipe 15 which is in turn connected to the general air supply pipe 16, and

thuseach ,bar is connected to a main blast v pipe. It is obvious that the pipe 12 does not participate in the oscillatory movement of the bar. For this purpose, the pipe Y12 is held at one end by the stufling box 11 and its other end is then engaged b easy friction in a bearing portion 17 provi ed at the end of 6 the element 3 (Fig.

The interchangeable element 3 which as above stated has a polygonal recess 5.1 for the insertion of the element -2, comprises at the other end a trunnion 18, and when the grate is mounted in place in the gas producer, the said trunnion is engaged in a support 19 forming part of a stationary frame 20 secured to the rear brickwork of the gas producer. The shape of said support 19 is such that the element 3 of any of the bars can be readily changed. When in operation, the' element 3 is held by a stop 21 carried by an arm 22 which is pivotally mounted at 23 on the frame 20. The arm 22 is held in place by a pin 24 removably engaged in the frame 20 and supporting the said arm. To remove one 5 of the elements 3 when damaged, the pin 24 is taken out, so that the arm 22 will drop, and `the trunnion 18 is pushed back in its support, thus removing the element 3 from the element 2.

The elements 2 of the different bars have the same construction, but this is not the case for the elements 3. These latter are made in two dierent types (although having some common points) according as the bar is odd or even' numbered in the series forming the grate. Figs. 4 and 5 show an even-numbered bar, and Figs. 6 and 7 an odd-numbered bar. Each bar, whether odd or even, comprises outlet channels 25 formed in the bar by the casting process, whose shape is indicated in Figures 5 and 7, and also comprises a cylindrical channel 26 concentric with the tube 12 and provided, at a point coinciding with the channels 25, with sultable orifices 27 placed in baie disposition from one bar to another. I The tube 12 is open, as indicated by a slot 28 at the upper part of said tube opposite the channels 25. In the oscillatory movement of the said bars, the air supplied to the interior of the tube 12 can thus circulate in the channels 25, and it proceeds thence into the water of the ash pit upon which the grate is mounted.

The even-numbered bars (Figs. 4 and 5) carry on their periphery suitable bosses 29 Whose shape and position corresponds to the recesses 30 formed in the periphery of the odd-numbered bars (Figs. 6 and 7). During the construction, a certain distance is allowed between the bars in their angular oscillatory movement. This movement is limited in such manner that in their greatest amplitude of motion, the said channels 26 will always be submerged by a certain amount. The water evel is for instance near the axis of the said ars.

As above stated, the bars are given an oscillatory movement since the channels 25 must always be submerged. The mechanical controlproducing the said movement of oscillation 1s arranged as follows. An eccentric 31 transmits the movement, which is imparted to it by any suitable means, to a ratchet wheel 32 by means of a connecting rod 33 and a pawl device 34 (Fig. 1). The ratchet wheel 32 transmits the movement in turn to a shaft upon which are mounted worms 35 (Fig. 3) engaging the teeth 10 of the elements 2. The direction of movement of the bars must be reversed at the proper time in order to constantly submerge the channels 25, and for this purpose the shaft 36 (Fig. 3) carrying the

pawls

37 and 38 isprovided at its end with a loose spur gear wheel 39, cooperating "5 with a like wheel 40 keyed to the shaft 41 0f the ratchet wheel 32, and it carries a stop 42 which, through the medium of an arm 43, produces the pivoting movement of the awls 37-38. Each pivoting movement o said pawls corresponds to a reversal of the movement of said bars, which reversal takes place when the gear wheel 39 has rotated by a predetermined amount. the pivotation of the pawls 37-38, the pawl 37 alone will be separated from the ratchet wheel 3,2. The latter wheel will continue its rotation due tothe pawl 38 until the pawl 37 pivots about by gravity and draws with it the pawl 38. The pawl 37 can act upon the pawl 38 by means of a stud on the pawl 37 movable in a corresponding recess in the pawl 38. A device 44 for holding both pawls in the intermediate position is used to isolate the general motion of the grate from the motion of the eccentric.

The hydraulic ash pit in' which the grate is mounted is disposed in any suitable manner, and it may consist of a recipient or vat of brickwork or metallic construction, which however is suiiiciently recessed to allow the exit and insertion of the ele ents 2. A nonleaking casing' of sheet met l 45 mounted on the main frame prevents all access of Water to the front and outer part of the bar frame.

Since the said bars are submerged for at At the beginning of Y least one-half of their volume, they will last for a long time and without appreciable disv tortion, even though they are required to support carbon fuel and slag at a high temperature. The said grate further provides for an automatic and mechanical cleaning, since the slag resulting from the combustion of the fuel can be crushed between the projections and the recesses of the grate bars. Also, with the use of the said grate and of the channels in the bars, the gasifying can be eiected by an air blast, the necessary steam being produced either in the interior of the bars or at the exterior when circulating through the slag, em loying the heat of the bars and the slag.

bviously, the invention is not limited to the form of construction herein described and represented, which is given solely by way of example, and for instance it is feasible to employ a hand cleaning' in certain cases, by the direct drive of the: shaft carrying the ratchet wheel by the usei'of a suitable winch.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A hollow grate bar closed at one end and open at the other end, provided at said ends with cylindrical bearing portions for supporting said bar for oscillatory movement and having an internal longitudinal channel and spaced transversal channels surrounding said longitudinal channel and communieating at the upper part with said longitudinal channel and at the lower part with outlet apertures.

2. In combination, a furnace, a grate formed by hollow bars provided with an internal longitudinal channel adapted to receive blast air and with spaced transversal channels surrounding said longitudinal channel and communicating at the upper part with said longitudinal channel and at the lower part with outlet apertures, means for imparting to said bars an oscillatory movement, and an ash-pit having side Walls extending above the outlet apertures of said hollow bars, whereby water may be brought to a level above said outlet apertures.

3. In combination, a furnace, a grate formed by a number of hollow bars, each of said bars consisting of a grate bar and of a driving element each provided with an in.- ternal longitudinal channel adapted to receive blast air, the grate bar being locatedv in the furnace and being provided with outlet apertures for said air, and the driving element being supported by a wall of the furnace, projecting out of the furnace and being adapted to be engaged by said grate bar, means out of said furnace for imparting to said driving element an oscillatory movement and an ash-pit having side walls extending above the outlet apertures of said hollow grate bars, whereby water may be brought to a level above said outlet apertures.

4. In combination, a furnace, a grate formed by a number of hollow bars, each of said bars consisting of a grate bar and of a driving element each provided with an internal longitudinal channel adapted to receive blast air, the driving element being `supported by one wall of the furnace and projecting out of the furnace, and the grate bar being located in the furnace and eing provided with outlet apertures for said air and at one end with means for slidingly engaging said driving element and being slidable for a certain distance thereon and at the other end with a trunnion having a length greater than said certain distance, a supportting water tight wall extending to -a level above the outlet apertures of said hollow bars.

5. In combination with the subject-matter of claim 4, a removable stop piece for each grate bar adapted to engage the inner end of the same to prevent longitudinal movement thereof.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

PAUL ACHILLE JOSEPH COUSIN.