US1842962A

US1842962A - Locomotive feed water heater

Info

Publication number: US1842962A
Application number: US76828A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frans H C Coppus
Original assignee: FRANS H C COPPUS; VERA L WOOD
Current assignee: FRANS H C COPPUS; VERA L WOOD
Priority date: 1925-12-21
Filing date: 1925-12-21
Publication date: 1932-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 1949-01-26

Description

Jan. 26 1932 F. H. c. coPPus 1,842,962

LOCOMOTIVE FEED WATER HEATER Original Filed Dec. 21, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 26, 1932. F. H. c. coPPus 1,842,962

7 LOCOMOTIVE FEED WATER HEATER Original Filed Dec. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FQHMY. HCCOPPUJ WFQM.

Pat ented Jan. 26, 1 932 NW5?) sires P'ArEur-YoFFi-ce- Fms'ir. o. oorrns, F woncusrnn, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To ANNA. M; c; wnoirsianne, VERA L. woon, AND Firms-1r. 0. screens, TRus'rEEs, ALL our wonens TER, MASSACHUSETTS LOCOMOTIVE mm warnn'HE -rm Application filed December 21, 1925, seriai' vo. vases; Renewed Apri127, 1931.

This invention relates to a feed water heat ing apparatus and especially to systems for locomotives in which the water is preheated within the pump receptacle, such systems be ing described in my co-pen'ding applications Serial Nos. 51,677 and 69,276.

The principal object of the present invention is to'prov ide an improved feed water heating system of this class wherein the water is heated entirely within the pump receptacle itself, approximately to the temperature of the outside exhaust steam supply. With this than out-oi the water chamber, and tocontrol purpose inview I propose to lead the water in direct contact with'the exhaust steam of the pump into a receiving chamber near the to") of the ium rece )tacle thus COHdBHSlDQ' l a s the'exhaust steam and the water being preheated by the exhaust steam; then to spray the water out of the receiving chamber into a' mixing chamber filled with the exhaust steam supply from an outside source (in connection with alocomotive, exhaust steam of the engines and of the auXilia-ri'esYan'd the water is thus further heated by. direct contact with the steam in the mixing chamber to approximately the temperature of the steam. I water resultingfrom the condensation of the exhaust steam, is collected in the bottom of the pump receptacle which I will call the water chamber from which 'it is pumped into the boiler. f r f Another object of the invention is to prevent the water in hoth'the receiving chamber and the water chamber from-rising above a predetermined height and for this purpose I propose to discl arge the water out or the receiving chamber at a slightly higher rate the water supply to the receiving chamber. the height of the water in' the water I chamber;

Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter. This case Reference isto behad to the accompany v ing drawings, in which.

,Fig. 1- is acentral sectional view of a The heated water together with'the feed water heater constructed in accordance withthis invention;

Fig; 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 2-2 of'lFig l Fig. 3 is a sectional view through" the pumpreceptacle'siinilar to Fig. 1 and: showing certain modifications Fig. i is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing modifications;

Fig; 5 is a; sectional view thereof on the line 55' ofFig 4; I

Fig. 6 is a vertical central section showing other modifications; and

JE ig. 7'is-a similar view of another modification.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, the water is fed in through a valvelO, which, under ordinary conditions, is always open and through a pipe 12 into a chamber 11. This chamber is provided with a port having a val ve'sea t in one wall thereof which wall separates it from a second chamber 13 into which the chamber 11 discharges and which discharges into the receiving chamber 127 at the top of the pump receptacle B. A spring loaded stop valve 14 closes this port but it is 1I)TOVIlCl8Cl with a plunger 15 in a cylinder 15' adapted to receive steam behind theplunger to open the valve. Theflow of water into the receiving chainber is controlled by the butterfly valve 19 controlled by a float 20 in thepump receptacle, the stemof which} passes througlr a slot 21in a cover 24 closing the butterfly valve. lVit'h the exception of a small amount of water which leaks through this slot, the water is discharged through an upward-passage 25, over a perforated-plate 76 through which it flows-over a baflle plate 72 into the receiving chamber 127 which has a neck 128 and a'conical outlet 129. The conical outlet is closed by a spring loaded disc 70, the tension of the'spring being adjustable. In the neck of the 'chamberrotates, on the main shaft. 22 passing through the neck ofthe chamber, an impeller 71, which forces the water downward againstthe action of the spring so thatthe water is dis charged out. of this chamber into the mix-. ing chamber of thepump receptacle in the. form of a sheet or cone.

The pump shaft 22 hangs on a ball bearing 23 from the top and has a high pressure turbine wheel 45 and a low pressure turbine wheel 45 for rotating it. Live steam enters the turbine wheel 45 from the pipe 51 and steam chamber 44 above, through the usual nozzles 44 (Fig. 2) and exhausts on its lower side into an annular chamber 46 hence, through nozzles 46 in an angular partition 46 to the low pressure turbine wheel 45, exhausting in a compartment the top of which is formed by partition 46 and the bottom of which is formed by a partition 47. This partition 47 is provided with a central opening immediately above an opening in the partition 76. The exhaust steam of the turbine passes through said openings being deflected by the deflector 72 and is forced to mingle with the water running through the perforations of plate 7 6, thereby heating the water and being condensed thereby. From the standpoint of turbine elficiency it is preferable to use two turbine wheels as shown, with turbine blading designed respectively for high and low pressure steam. From the standpoint of simplicity it is preferable to have both the live and the exhaust steam act on a single turbine wheel. Either arrangement comes within the scope of this invention.

The exhaust steam from an outside source is delivered from a pipe 40 to a steam separator 41, from which through a pipe 40 and a float controlled balanced valve 42 it is delivered to the chamber 46 and the low pressure steam turbine and through a pipe 40*, and preferably tangentially, into an annular mixing chamber 7 9 formed by the wall of the pump receptacle B and the bottom, neck and conical outlet of the chamber 27. Into this chamber the cone or sheet of water passes between the conical outlet and the spring loaded disc 70. The chamber 79 is vented to the air. The exhaust steam therefore must pass through this spray of water and heat it. A small chamber 7 3 leading 05 the neck 128, is open at the top, and has a small hole at the bottom, therefore a small amount of water will circulate through this chamber 7 3 being forced through the small hole by the action of the impeller 71. A thermostat 74 is shown in this chamber 73 which closes a butterfly valve 75 in the outlet of the exhaust steam valve 42 at a predetermined temperature of the water passing through this chamber 7 3.

Live steam is supplied through the valve 50 and steam main 51, to a valve 62 admitting steam to an air ejector 63, and also through a valve 61 and pipe 61 to a nozzle 61 so that the nozzle 61 is always supplied with live steam as long as the air ejector 63 is in operation. Live steam is also supplied through a valve 61 and valve 43 to the steam chamber 44 containing the other high'pres'sure steam nozzles 44. The valve 43 is cast integrally with the valve 61 so that if there is no water in pump receptacle B both valves will be closed, but otherwise is, in every respect, the same as in my previous case Serial No. 69,276. The valve 42 has also the same function as in that case.

The exhaust steam being discharged tangentially in the chamber 7 9 so that it will have a tendency to circulate in this chamber, must pass through the water cone and, no matter how much the back pressure of the exhaust steam may be, it will not be transmitted to the chamber 127 because the chamber 79, and for that matter the water chamber, is not connected to the chamber 127. If there is no water in the chamber 127 the spring loaded disc will close the conical outlet and if there is water the disc is forced downward and then the pressure diflerence is from chamber 128 to the pump receptacle B. With this construction, therefore, the pressure of the exhaust steam will not hold back the water from the tender because what little might leak through the slot 21 through which the float lever passes, will. be immediately condensed. The temperature of the water in the chamber 127,, if the pump is run condensing, is limited to the temperature corresponding with the vacuum. Therefore, it is ad vantageous to have a certain amount of live steam supplied to the high pressure turbine wheel all the time in order to reduce the total steam consumption of the turbines and thereby keep down the temperature of the water in the chamber 127. Therefore, any amount of high pressure steam used in addition to low pressure steam reduces, proportionately, the total steam consumption, as all the steam used by the turbine is condensed into water. Therefore the less weight of steam used the less weight of condensate, and therefore the lower the temperature of the water before it is discharged into the mixing chamber. WVhile this decreases the eiiiciency of the heater on account of the use of this live steam, 0n the other hand the efliciency is increased by reducing the amount of steam used by the ejector. In other words, the air ejector does not need to be constantly supplied with steam because a lower vacuum on the exhaust steam turbine will carry the load, which again makes it possible to raise the temperature of the feed water in the chamber 127 The amount of live steam sup plied through the nozzle 61 is determined largely by the lowest capacity at which the pump will have to be run because, at this capacity, the percentage of steam consumption of the water delivered is the highest.

The pump receptacle B is closed by a cover 30 (Fig. 2) containing the high pressure steam chamber 44 and a water chamber 31. Bolted to this cover is a pump volute 32 in Which rotates a pump impeller 33 on the vertical shaft 22. To the bottom of the impellers are of the single inlet type and the inlet of, the impeller 33" faces the inlet of the impeller 33; The lower impeller chamber has a drain 33 v i p The bottom journal 1 of the *shaft 22 is shown as in the form of a nut bushing 27 located in a composition bearing 28 Grease is provided for lubrication in the chamber 27 formed by the nut bushing and the hub of the cover which closes thechamber of the volute 32*. I

The ball bearing 23 at the top is also lubricated by grease. The bearing is located in a cover 23 by the removal of which thewhole bearing is exposed. The outer face of the bearing rests on a T-ring 23 the outside diameter of the vertical'fiange of which is smaller than the outside diameter of the ball bearing and the flange is cut away'in twov places so that the ball bearing can be pried up and easilyi'removed. The upper face of the inner part of the horizontal flange of the T-ring forms with the lower face of the flange of a bushing '23 an enclosure of the grease chamber to prevent the grease from running out of the chamber.

Nhen the pump is not'in operation the two faces will closethe chamber tightly and when the pump is in operation the flange of the bushing 23 prevents, through centrifugal action, the grease from flowing out even if there should be a small upward thrust thereby separating the two faces slightly.

A stui'ling box of usual construction could be used in combination with means for collecting the water that leaks by the shaft passing through the chamber 31 and return ing it to the pump receptacle, butl prefer.

to provide a wearing ring- 80 which fits closely to the distance bushing 81 on. the shaft 22 but has some clearance throughthe Q casing so that'the wearing ring centers around the distance bushing. :The water pressure holds it stationary. Thewater leaking by this wearing ring is collected in a chamber 82 from which it is drained back to the pump receptacle. A screw thread on another distance bushing, with a throw ring 84 thereon, will prevent any great amount of water from escaping downward. Ifv the chamber 82 should ever be filled ithenthis screw thread will put the chamberunder a slight pressure discharging the waterrmt of the chamber so much faster, but any water which should leak out downward is caught on top of the-turbine wheel whichis on top but open on the inner side, Any water collecting in this chamber is forced downward by centrifugal force through holes86 in theturbine, then downward on top of the low pressure turbine ,wheel, which has a similar chamber to the high pressureturbine wheel andsimilar discharge holes, so that ultimately any water coming from the water chamber 31 is collected in the low pressure turbine. chamber and discharged with the exhaust into the pump receptacle B.

The pressure inthe chamber .of the volute 32above the impeller 33 is equal to the full discharge pr ssure of the pump, or approximately double that of the pressure in the water chamber 31. This chamber 32 is closed by a housing, having a chamber 87 closed by a double cover 89 interposed between this housing and the bearing housing 23. The

shaft passes through the horizontal wall of the chamber and the double cover, the upper part of which forms the bottom of the bearing housing. The space. between'thetwo parts of "the double cover is open to the at m-osphere. I have already explained how the grease is prevented from leaking out of the grease chamber. To prevent the water from leakingiby the shaft where it passes through the horizontal wall of the chamber 37,01" rather to reduce the leakage to a minimum, I again; provide instead of a stuffing box, awearingring 88 similar to the wearing ring 80 where the shaft passes through the water chamber 31, and bushing-23 is provided with a screw thread and a throw ring 91 similarly and for the same purpose as in bushing and throw ring- 84. ,If any water should pass bybushing 23 it will be discharged to' the atmosphere between the lower and upper part of double cover 89. The water in the chamber 87 is drained back to the pump receptacle like the water in the chamber 82.

p Operation To start the pump the valve 50, is opened fully. This allows steam .to .flow'through the pipe 51 into the pipe 52 opening the stop valve 14- and into the air ejector 63 and water will flow immediately into the pump receptacle B. Now, thefloat 49 will rise opening the valves 42 and; 4:3 and live steam and also exhaust steam will flow into the re spective turbines. -As. an excess pressure governor without manual means for open: ing the valve is used, the valve 61 will be open and will maintain a predetermined en cess pressure. 1

As soon as water flows into the pump receptacle B and until the water gives out, live steam is constantly supplied through thenozzle 61 but otherwise the regulation of the admittance of the liveand exhaust steam may be identical with that in my application Serial No. 69,276: i Y

Fig. 3 showsa modification of Fig. 1 in which the impeller and the conical outlet are replaced by an impeller 71 which is fastened to the shaft 22 and through the centrifugal force exerted by this impeller the spring loaded disc is forced downward and the water allowed to escape also in cone or sheet form. The rotating deflector in Fig. 1 is replaced by a stationary deflector 72 but in every other respect the construction is the same.

Fig. 7 is like Fig. 1 in all respects except that the valve 7 5 is pressure controlled instead of being controlled by temuperature. A plunger 54 forces back a rod 55, against the action of a spring 56 under pressure. The Water in the chamber 127 will turn into steam under certain conditions of temperature and vacuum. When this happens there no pressure below the impeller 71, in which case the spring 56 closes the valve 75 but if a thermostat were used, the thermostat would perform this function.

Figs. 1 and 5 show the invention in a simpler form with other modifications. Many parts of Fig. 1 are not numbered as they are exactly the same as Fig. 1. The water inlet is controlled by a butterfly valve 19 as before, but instead of being direct connected to the float 20, has an arm which is connected by a link 100 to another arm on a shaft on which the float arm is mounted so as to eliminate the slot through which the float arm passes in Fig. 1.

The means for forcing the water down from the chamber 127 is a regular centrifugal impeller 101 discharging the water through guide vanes 102 into a chamber 103 which is provided at the bottom with a spring loaded spray valve 104. This valve, however, is not mounted directly on the shaft 22 but on a bushing 105. The spring 106 acts against the bushing and not against the valve proper so that the valve rests slightly away from its seat to permit drainage, but can be raised by the pressure of the exhaust steam in the mixing chamber so as to prevent the exhaust steam from escaping by the valve when the impeller 101 is not delivering water. The exhaust steam from an outside source 40 is shown as being introduced below the spray, as can be done also in Fig. 1.

The valve 13 is also differently connected with the other parts in that it ma" e integral with another valve 62 in Fig. 4 allowing steam to flow to the air ejector nozzle through a small hole, thereby reducing the pressure of the steam at the nozzle. This is desirable in order to supply the nozzle with the most eflicient steam pressure. The function of the additional valve is to put the air ejector in operation when there is no water in the pump receptacle, which is very essential if the pump is so located that water does not flow to it by gravity all the time. If there is water in the pump receptacle then this valve 62 is closed as shown. If there is no water in the pump receptacle, then, of course, the safety valve 13 is closed by the float 49.

The excess pressure governor 60 is also differently connected in that it consists of two

compartments

107 and 108 and the steam chest also consists of two

separate compartments

107 and 108. Live steam is allowed to flow through the inlet 109 of the excess pressure governor, by-passing the valve through an opening 90 into one compartment 108 of the steam chest so that always sufficient steam is supplied to the turbine through nozzles 91 to deliver the minimum amount of water. For larger capacities the steam flows through the valve 92 of the excess pressure governor into the other compartment 107 of the steam chest and into the turbine through additional nozzles 94 and is regulated by the excess pressure gov ernor 60 as before.

Therefore, for the minimum capacity of the pump or for any pie-determined capacity, the steam is delivered to the turbine at full boiler pressure, instead of being throttled by the excess pressure governor, thus increasing the efficiency of the turbine and consequently of the pump. This form also eliminates one turbine and the thermostatic control as the latter is not needed.

Instead of having the steam to the second compartment 107 of the steam chest regulated by the excess pressure governor, this regulation may be done manually. Therefore, instead of controlling the capacity of the pump by the discharge valve, which is always done in connection with an excess pressure governor, the capacity of the pump may be controlled by a steam supply valve consisting of the valve body of the excess pressure governor. This admits steam to one compartment of the steam chest and the steam to the other compartment is regulated by closing or opening the valve.

In Fig. 6 I have shown other modifications coming within the scope of this inven tion. The arrangement is similar to that shown in Fig. 4, as will be seen by comparison of the numbered parts, but the chamber 103 dischargesthrough one or more parts 95. Each is closed by a spring pressed valve 90 conical on top. The springs are held by spiders 97. These valves open when the pres sure in the chamber 83 is enough higher than that over the water to overcome the resistance of the adjustable springs.

These constitute less expensive and lighter arrangements for securing some of the above mentioned results.

It will be seen therefore that, by this invention, as so far described, the water is preheated in the pump receptacle by the exhaust from the turbine driving the pump and by the exhaust from an outside source to the maximum temperature of the outside exhaust steam supply. Also, the pump is driven by a turbine fed in the main by exhaust steam but supplemented by live steam all the time the ejector is working and there isflenough water in the pump, and in such proportion and at such time as will give the unit the most efficient heat. balance. The water is fed into the receiving chamber and spread out so as to receive the maximum amount of heat from the exhaust steam from the turbines as the water enters the pump receptacle. Furthermore, additional heating is provided for by spraying the water into the lower part of the pump receptacle and subjecting it to the action of-exhaust steam from an outside source at that time. The control of the admission of exhaust steam to the turbine is in the form of athermostat operated in accordance with the temperature of the water as heated by the turbine exhaust. In other words,;it is a self contained pump which performs the entire heating operation within itself and can be constructed in ,a compact form and of light weight.

"Certain elements and combinations are shown but not claimed herein because 7 they are claimed in one of my previous copending applications Serial No. 51,677, filed Aug. "21,

1925, and Serial No. 69,276, filed Nov.'16, 19-25. I V p I Although I have illustrated and described only a few forms of the invention I am aware of the fact that'other modificationscan be made therein by any person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as expressed in the claims. Therefore I do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what I do claim is 1. Ina feed water heating system, the com bination with. a pump receptacle havlng a receivingchamber into which-the water is 1ntroduced, a mixing chamber in position for receiving the water from'the receiving chamber, means for introducing steam into the mixing chambenanda water chamber for'receiving the water from the "llllXlIlfZ chamber, of means in the pump receptacle for pumping the. water from the water chamber, :and means operated by said pumping means for forcing the water out of the receiving chamher into the mixing chamber. p

2. A feed water'heating system, comprising a pump receptacle having awater inlet, a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber toheat'the water, located to receive the water 'from the receiving chamber, means for introducing exhaust steam into the mixing chamber, a water chamber in position to collect the heated water rfrom the mixing chamber, a sh aft in the receptacle, and

means operated by the shaft for forcing the water out of the receiving chamber into the mixing chamber. 7 i v 3. In a feed water heating system, the combination Witha receptacle having a water inlet, a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber to heat the water, means for introducingsteam into-the mixing chamher, and a water chamber connected collect the heated water from themixing chamber, of a shaft in the receptacle, means operated by the shaft for forcing the water out of the receiving chamber into the mixing chamber, and means also operated the shaft for forcing the water out of the water chamber.

4. In a feed water-heating system, the com bination with a pump receptacle having a water receiving chamber, a mixing chamber below the receiving chamber,-and a water chamber beyond the receivingchamber, of a pump for forcing the waterout of said water chamber, means operating in connection with the pump for forcing the water from thereceiving chamber into the mixing chamber, and means for commingling the water with steam during its passage from the receiving chamber. H I p 5. In afeed Waterheatingsystem, the combination with a receptacle having a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamher to heat the water, and a water chamber in position to receive the heated water from the mixing chamber, of a shaft in the receptacle, means operated by the shaft for forcing the water out of the receivingchamber into the mixing chamber, means operated by steam for driving the shaft, a steam supply therefor, and means for condensing exhaust steam by thewater while the latter on its "the mixing chamber, steam operated means for driving the pump, a steam supply therefor, and means for preheating the water by the exhaust steam from said steam operated means before the water is forced into the mixing chamber.

7. In a feed Water heating system, the combination witha pump receptacle having a water receiving chamber, a mixing chamber beyond the receivin chamber, and a water chamber beyond the receiving chamber and connected therewith, of a pumping means in the water chamber for forcing the water out of said water chamber, means operating in connection with said pumping means for forcing the water from the receiving chamber into the mixing chamber, means for commingling the water with steam during its passage to the receiving chambenand means for introducing exhaust steam from an outside source into the mixing chamber. 7

lEEiI 8. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a receptacle having a water inlet, a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber to heat the Water, and a water chamber in position to re eive the heated water from the mixing chamber, of a shaft in the receptacle, means operated by the shaft for forcing the water directly out of the receiving chamber into the mixing chamber, and means for introducing steam into the mixing chamber to heat the Water.

9. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a receptacle having a Water inlet, a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber to heat the Water located to receive the Water from the receiving chamber, and a Water chamber in posi tion to receive the heated water from the mixing chamber, of a shaft in the receptacle, means operated by the shaft to force the Water out of the receiving chamber into the mixing chamber, means for driving the shaft by steam, a steam supply therefor, means for preheating the Water by the exhaust steam before the water is forced into the mixing chamber, and means for introducing an outside steam supply into the mixing chamber to further heat the Water.

10. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a receptacle having a receiving chamber for the water, a mixing chamber, and a water chamber to collect the water, the three chambers being located in vertical alignment to receive the Water from each other in succession, of a pump in the receptacle, a pump shaft, means operated by the shaft to force the Water out of the re ceiving chamber into the mixing chamber, steam operated means for driving the pump, a steam supply therefor, means for preheat ing the water by the exhauststeam before the water is forced into the mixing chamber, means for introducing an outside steam supply into the mixing chamber to further heat the Water, and means for limiting the temperature of the water in the receiving chamber.

11. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a receptacle, having a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber to heat the water, and a water chamber in position to collect the heated water from the mixing chamber, of a shaft in the receptacle, means operated by the shaft for forcing the water out of the receiving chamber into the mixing chamber, a turbine for driving the shaft, a steam supply for the turbine, means for preheating the water by the exhaust steam of the turbine before the water is forced into the mixing chamber, and means also operated by the shaft to force the water out of the water chamber.

12. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a receptacle having a water inlet, a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber to heat the water, and a water chamber to collect the heated water the three chambers being located in vertical ali nment to receive the Water one from another, a shaft in the receptacle, means operated by the shaft for forcing the water out of the receiving chamber into the mixing chamber, means for introducing steam into the mixing chamber to heat the water, and means also operated by the shaft for forcing the Water out of the water chamber. I

13. In a feed Water heating system, 'he combination with a receptacle having a water inlet, a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber to heat the water, and a water chamber to collect the heated water the three chambers being located in vertical alignment to receive the Water one from another from the mixing chamber, of a shaft in the receptacle, steam operated means for driving the shaft, a steam supply therefor, means for preheating the water by the exhaust steam from said means before the water enters the mixing chamber, means for introducing an outside steam supply into the mixing chamber for further heating the water, and means operated by the shaft for forcing the water out of the water chamber. 14. In a feed Water heating system, the combination with a receptacle having a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber to heat. the Water, and a water chamber to collect the heated water, the three chambers being located in vertical alignment to receive the Water from each other in succession, of a pump in the receptacle, means for forcing the water out of the receiving chamber into the mixing chamber, a turbine for driving the pump, a steam supply for the turbine, means for preheating the water by the exhaust steam of the turbine before the water is forced into the mixing chamber, means for introducing an outside steam supply into the mixing chamber to further heat the Water, and means for automatically shutting off the steam supply to the turbine whenever the water in the water chamber falls below a predetermined height.

15. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a pump receptacle, a rotary pump shaft therein and means on the shaf t for operating it, of means for introducing Water into the receptacle above the water level, means for introducing steam, a deflecting plate in position for spreading the steam and water and mixing them, a partition below the deflecting plate having a passage through it, and means below said passage for ausing the water to be heated before it falls down into the water below.

16. In a feed water heater, the combination with a pump receptacle, means for feeding water into the receptacle near the top, means for discharging the water therefrom, said latter means comprising a steam turbine, and

means within the receptacle for retaining a 7 current of the incoming wateradj acentito the exhaust of the turbine for preheating the water within the pump receptacle by exhaust from the turbine. i

17. In a feed water heater, the combination with apump receptacle, means for feeding water into the receptacle, means for discharging the water therefrom, said latter means comprising a steam turbine, and means within the receptacle for causing the 'in coming water to flow past the exhaust of the turbine for preheating the water within the pump receptacle, partly by exhaust fromthe turbine, to the approximate temperature of an outside exhaust steam supply.

18. In a pump 'for a feed water heating system, the combinationfwith the pump receptacle, of a pump shaft, a steam turbine in the receptacle on the shaft, and means for introducing water into the receptacle directly inthe path of the exhaust steam from the turbine so that it will be heated within said receptacle by the steam dischargedfrom the turbine.

19. In a: pump fora feed water heating system, the combination with the pump receptacle, of a perforated partition across it having an opening for admittingsteambelow it from above, a pump shaft, a steam turbine in the receptacle above the partition, and means for introducing water into t i I receptacle above the partition so that it will drip through the perforationsandbe heated within .said receptacle by the steam dischargd from the turbine.

20. In a feed waterheatin-g system, the combination with a pump receptacle and means for introducing water into it, and-means for introducing steam to heat the water in the receptacle, of a pump shaftiin the receptacle, a steam turbine on the shaft for operating it, a steam" supply. pipe, .an ejector connected with the receptacle and with the steam supply for reducing the pressure on the exhaust side of said turbine, a valve, for controlling the supply of steam to said turbine, means for introducing steam into the turbine independent of said valve, and means connected whereby the turbine will receive an addi-' tional supply of steam under the control of said valve to operate under increased load.

21. In a feed water heater-,the combination with the pump receptacle andia steam operated impeller for forcing the water out of the casing, of a perforated partition across the receptacle above the water level, means for introducing the water into the receptacle above the partition, means for leading the steam down through said partition so that the steam will be condensed by contact with the w aterjdraining through the perforations and heatthe water, and means for spraying the heated waterinto the lower part of the receptacle.

low the partition, means on the impeller shaft for forcing the heated water downwardly, and adjustable means for confining the water outlet intothe receptacle to force it to form a conical stream in contact with exhaust steam to further heat the water.

23. In a feed water heating system, the

combination with a pump receptacle, apump shaft therein, a pump on said shaft, said receptacle having a water space in the bot tom, and means for introducing water into the receptacle near the top, ofra passage in the receptacle surrounding the shaft for conducting thewater down into the bottom of the receptacle, a plate .yieldingly held up near thebottom of said passage to provide thin outlet through which the water is forced out in the form of a thin sheet, said receptacle having achamber above said sheet bounded by it at the bottom, andmeans for introducing steam into said chamber to heat the water as it issues fron' the passage. 1

24. In a-feed water heating system, the combination with a pump receptacle, a pump shaft therein and ,mea nson the shaft for operating it, of a perforated partition across the receptacle, means for introducing water into the receptacle above the partition so that it will drip down through it, means for introducing steam below the partition, whereby the water will be heated, a partition abQlOW the perforated partition having a passage through it, means below said passage for causing the water to be forced outwardly to form a thin sheet of water, leaving a space above said sheet of water, and means for introducing steam into said space, whereby the waterin said sheet is heated'before it falls down into the water space below.

25. In a feedwater heating system, the com bination with a pump receptacle, a pump shaft therein, and a turbine on the shaft for operating it, of a perforated partition across the receptacle having an opening through it for receiving the exhaust steam from the turbine and conducting it to a point below the partition, means for'introducing water into the receptacle above the partition so that it will drip down through the steam below and the water will be heated, a partition below the perforated partition havinga central passage through it, an impeller on the shaft in said central passage for forcing the water down through the passage under pressure, means below said passage for causing the waterto be forced outwardly to form a thin sheet of water, leaving a space above said sheet of water, and means for introducing exhaust steam into said space, whereby the water in said sheet is heated before it falls down into the water space below.

26. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a pump receptacle, a pump shaft therein, means for rotating the shaft, and means for introducing water into the receptacle, of a passage in the receptacle surrounding the shaft for conducting the water down into the bottom of the receptacle, an impeller on the shaft in said passage for forcing the water downwardly through said passage, a plate on the shaft yieldingly held up near the bottom of said passage to provide a thin slanting circular outlet surrounding said plate through which the water is forced out under the pressure from said impeller in the form of a thin conical sheet, and means for introducing steam into said receptacle to heat the water as it issues from the passage.

27. In a feed water heating system, the combination of a receptacle for the water having a space or chamber in its upper part, means for introducing water, means for heating the water in the receptacle, a turbine in the receptacle, a shaft in the receptacle and its chambers to which said turbine is fixed, means for introducing xhaust steam into said turbine to operate it, a steam separator located in the path of the exhaust steam to said turbine, means for draining the separator into said receptacle, and an automatic valve for controlling the admission of exnaust steam into the turbine, with a thermostatic means for controlling the admission of exhaust steam into the turbine, and means for causing the water to circulate around said thermostatic means.

28. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a receptacle for the water, means for heating the water in the receptacle, said receptacle having an air chamber above the water and a partition across it to provide a chamber at the top, means for introducing water above the partition, and a shaft extending through the receptacle and chambers, of a turbine fixed to said shaft in the chamber above the partition, means for directing exhaust steam into said turbine for operating it, means for supplying live steam to the turbine for operating it, a float device in the receptacle, two valves connected with the float device, one for controlling the admission of exhaust steam to the turbine and the other for control assisting the admission of live steam to the turbine so arranged that they will close when the water in the receptacle gets below a certain level.

29. In a feed water heating system, the combination, with a receptacle for the water, means for heating the water in the receptacle, said receptacle having an air chamber above the water and a partition across it to provide a chamber at the top, means for introducing water above the partition, and a shaft ex tending through the receptacle and chambers, of a turbine fixed to said shaft in the cham ber above the partition, means for directing exhaust steam into said turbine for operat ing it, means for supplying live steam to the turbine for operating it, means connected with the live steam supply for ejecting the air from the air chamber in the receptacle, a valve for controlling said means, a valve for controlling the admission of a small supply of live steam constantly to the turbine whenever the ejector is in operation.

30. The combination with a pump for a feed water heating system comprising a receptacle for the water and means for heating the water in the receptacle, a shaft in the receptacle, a turbine on the shaft in the receptacle for operating the shaft, and means on the shaft for discharging the water when the shaft rotates, of an exhaust and live steam supply arrangement for the turbine, an ejector connected with the live steam supply, a valve for controlling the admission of steam to the ejector, said turbine exhausting into the air space in the receptacle, a connection from the air space in the receptacle to the ejector, whereby when the ejector is supplied with steam it will exhaust air from said space and reduce the pressure on the exhaust side of the turbine; a valve for supplying live steam to the turbine, means whereby said valve is normally closed, and means whereby when the load on the turbine is too great for the exhaust steam supply, the valve will open to admit live steam to the ejector and to the turbine and whereby when the work of the live steam is no longer required its main supply will be shut off automatically and thereafter, if the power is still too great, the ejector will be shut off automatically.

31. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a pump receptacle and means for introducing water into it and steam to heat the water in the receptacle, of a pump shaft in the receptacle, a turbine in the receptacle on the shaft for operating it, a main steam supply for the turbine, a valve for shutting off the main supply of steam to the turbine, an ejector connected with the top of the receptacle and with the steam supply for reducing the pressure on the exhaust side of said turbine, a valve for cutting off the supply of steam to said ejector, a governor for operating said valve, and means connected to re ceive its supply of steam under the control of said valve for introducing steam into the turbine to operate it even when the main steam supply is cut off from said turbine and as long as the ejector is in operation.

32. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a pump receptacle and means for introducing water into it, and means for introducing steam to heat the water in the receptacle, of a pump shaft in the receptacle, a turbine on the shaft for operating it, a main steam supply for the turbine, an ejector connected with the receptacle and with the steam supply for reducing the pressure on the exhaust side of said turbine, a valve for cutting oif the supply of steam to said ejector, a pipe, means for introducing steam through said pipe into the turbine to operate it constantly even when the main steam supply is cut off from said turbine, and means for simultaneously cutting off the steam from the pipe and from the ejector.

33. In a feed water heating system, the combination of a pump receptacle for the water and means for heating the water in the receptacle, a turbine in said pump receptacle for operating it, means for conducting live steam to the turbine, means for conducting exhaust to the turbine, automatic valves for closing said steam con-ducting means, a thermostat in the pump receptacle, and means for connecting the thermostat with the valve for controlling the exhaust steam supply whereby the exhaust steam conductor will be closed when the water gets too hot in the pump receptacle.

34. In a feed water heater, the combination with a pump receptacle for the water and means for heating the water in the receptacle, a turbine therein for operating the pump, and means for feeding steam to the turbine comprising a main supply pipe, of two steam chambers adapted to receive steam from said pipe, means whereby the pipe is constantly open to one of said steam chambers, a valve for controlling the admission of steam to the other steam chamber, and means connected with each steam chamber for introducing steam into the turbine, whereby the turbine will be operated at full steam pressure and will be supplied with an increased quantity of steam for operating it when the valve is opened.

35. The combination with a pump receptacle, of a turbine therein for operating the pump, and means for introducing steam into the turbine, of an ejector, means for connecting the ejector with the pump receptacle for creating a vacuum therein, a steam supply pipe, a valve for closing it, a valve fixed with respect to said valve for controlling the supply of steam to the ejector, means connected with said valves for closing the first valve when the water gets low in the receptacle, the valves being arranged to open the supply to the ejector when the Water begins to drop, and means for heating the water.

36. The combination with a pump receptacle, of a shaft therein having means for forcing the water from the receptacle, a turbine on said shaft for rotating it, a perforated partition extending' across the receptacle, means for introducing water into the receptacle beyond said'partition, said partition having a passage through which exhaust steam from the turbine passes to heat the water, a partition beyond the perforated partition having a'passage for discharging the water heated by the exhaust steam, a plate on the shaft, and a casing surrounding the shaft and slightly separatedfrom the plate at the edge for discharging the water outwardly in a conical stream on the water in the receptacle below.

37. The combination with a pump receptacle, of a shaft extending through it and having means for discharging the water from the receptacle, a turbine on said shaft for rotating it, a perforated partition extending across the receptacle, means for introducing water into the receptacle above said partition, said partition having a central passage through which the exhaust steam from the turbine passes down around the shaft into contact with the water passing through the perforations in the partition, a solid partition below the perforated partition having a central passage around the shaft for discharging the water heated by the exhaust steam, an impeller on the shaft in said passage for forcing the water down, a plate on the shaft, a casing surrounding the shaft and separated from the plate at the edge for the discharge of water outwardly in a conical stream on the water in the receptacle below and yielding means for holding the plate up in position to keep the passage for the escape of water small. i

38. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a pump receptacle, of a plurality of water forcing devices in the receptacle connected with the same source of power, one of said devices being adapted to force the water out of the receptacle and the other to direct the water from above into the bottom of the receptacle, means for heating the water, a rotary shaft on which both of said devices are mounted and a turbine on the shaft for rotating it. 39. In a feed water heating system, the combination with a pump receptacle, of a plurality of vater forcing devices in said receptacle connected with the same source of power so that the amount of water delivered by each is substantially equal, one of said devices being adapted to force the water out of the receptacle and the other to direct the water into the bottom of the receptacle, means in the receptacle for connecting the two devices positively together, a turbine in the receptacle for operating said connecting means, means for heating the incoming water, and means for directing it in a thin sheet on the surface of the water below.

40. A feed Water heating system, comprising a pump receptacle having a water inlet, a receiving chamber to receive the water, a

mixing chamber to heat the water, located in position to receive the water from the receiving chamber, means for introducing exhaust steam into the mixing chamber, a water chamber to collect the heated water from the mixing chamber, a shaft in the receptacle, a turbine on the shaft, a steam supply for the turbine, means operated by the shaft for forcing the water out of the receiving chamher into the mixing chamber and means for automatically shutting off the steam supply to the turbine whenever the water in the water chamber falls below a predetermined height.

41. In a feed water heating system, the

combination with a receptacle having a receiving chamber to receive the water, a mixing chamber to heat the water, an exhaust steam supply and a water chamber in posi- 2 tion to receive the heated water from the mixing chamber, of a shaft in the receptacle,

a turbine on the shaft, a steam supply for the turbine, means operated by the shaft for forcing the water out of the water chamber and means for automatically shutting off the steam supply to the turbine whenever the water in the water chamber falls below a predetermined height.

42. In a feed water heater, the combination with a pump receptacle having a water chamber, means for feeding water into the receptacle, means for discharging the water therefrom, said latter means comprising asteam turbine in the receptacle above the waaa ter chamber, and an impeller submerged in the water and operatively connected with the turbine, a steam supply for the turbine, means within the receptacle for heating the water and means for automatically shutting off the steam supply to the turbine whenever the water in the water chamber falls below a predetermined height.

48. In a feed water system, the combina tion with a receptacle for the water and 4f means for heating the water in the receptacle, said receptacle having an air chamber above the water, a shaft in the receptacle, a turbine fixed to said shaft in the receptacle, means for constantly supplying a small quantity of steam to the turbine for operating it as long as the water in the receptacle is not below a predetermined height and means for introducing a greater quantity of steam into the turbine when needed.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

FRANS H. O. COPPUS.