US1842806A - Electrical door operating device - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 26, 1932. w. SHONNARD ET AL ELECTRICAL DOOR OPERATING DEVICE Filed June 50. 1927 9 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 26, 1932. H. w. SHONNARD ET AL ELECTRICAL DOOR OPERATING DEVICE Filed June 30, 1927 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 III]. Ill/\l .Jan. 26, 1932. H. w. SHONNARD ET AL ,8

ELECTRICAL DOOR OPERATING DEVICE 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June so, 1927 Jan. 26, 1932.

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Jan. 26, 1932. H. w. SHONNARD ET AL ELECTRICAL DOOR OPERATING DEVICE Filed June 30. 1927 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 Jan. 26, 1932- H. w. SHONNARD ET AL 1,842,806

ELECTRICAL DOOR OPERATING DEVICE Filed June 30, 1927 9 Sheets-Sheet I a 5 9/ avwewto'cS Jan. 26, 1932. H. w. SHONNARD ETAL 1,842,306

ELECTRICAL DOOR QPERATING DEVICE Filed June 50, 1927 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 zz/kwi) fimbtow Jan. 26, 1932.

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ELECTRICAL DOOR OI ERATING DEVICE Filed June 50, 1927 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 JNVENTORS movements of the elevator cage,

Patented Jan, 26, 1932 NOBTHPORT, NEW YORK, HOBOKFN, NEW JERSEY,

PATENT OFFICE OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JEBSEY AND HENRY F. RICHARDSON, OF

ASSIGNORS TO ELEVATOR SUPPLIES COMPANY, INC., OF A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY ELECTRICAL noon ormwrmo DEVICE Application filed Iunew, 1927. Serial No. 209,515.

The present invention relates principally to a novel and effective means for the simultaneous automatic operation of the gate on an elevator cage and the corresponding hatchway door "opposite to said gate when the cage is brought normally to rest.

Various constructions for this purpose have been heretofore suggested, all of which involve the use f movable mechanical engaging members adapted to extend across the space between the cage and the hatchway wall. These members have proven cumbersome, difficult to align, noisy in operation, subject to wear and frequent breakage, and in many cases disastrous in their effect on adjacent doors and door members.

By the use of the present invention all of the disadvantages arising from the use of the projecting engaging members above mentioned are entirely obviated, by the elimination of such. members, and the substitution therefor of means whereby electro-magnetic .attraction takes the place of mechanical engagement in transmitting movement across thelspace between the cage and the hatchway wa l. V

The presentinvention also provides novel circuit controlling means for the door operating motor as well as for controlling the with due regard. to a maximum of safety in operation.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear in connection with the following specification.

The invention is illustrated in a preferred form by way of example in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 isa view in elevation of a gate on a cage, looking out ward, and showing the prime mover, Figure 2 is a similar view of the upper part of a hatchway door, Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but on a larger scale and exhibiting further details, Figure 4 is partial plan view. of the motive means'for the gate and door respectively showing also the tracks upon vertical section of the respective motive means with preferred accessory parts, Figure 6 is a view in elevation of the prime mover 50 on the cage viewed in the opposite direction which they move, Figure is a view in v to Figure 1,Figure 7 is a sectional View taken on the line 7-7 in Figure 6, Figure 8 is a similar view taken on the line 88 in Figure 6 and Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view of preferred electrical connections as used in the present invention.

The principal feature of this invention involves means whereby the car gate and hatchway door are made to move together by electro-magnetic attraction. This is preferably accomplished 'by providing an electro-magnetic prime mover directly connected with the car gate, which is so constructed as to exert the necessary magnetic pull to cause the hatchway door to move with the gate. In the preferred form herein illustrated the prime mover is so made as to have a limited automatic transverse movement, whereby it is brought into closer spacial relation with the door actuator, thereby increasing thev efliciency of the device.

Referring particularly to Figures 1, 5, 6, 7 and 8, the usual slidable folding lattice-work car gate is shown at 10 the same being opened and closed by the direct action of an arm 11, fixed to a flange 12 on the operating carriage about to be described.

In the preferred form shown, this carriage comprises a supporting frame 13, adapted to be rolled longitudinally between the upper rails 14 and. lower rails 15 on two sets of grooved guide wheels 16 and 17;

Between the two sets of rails 14 and 15 there extends parallel therewith the T-rail 18 i made of iron or soft steel, or equivalent magnetizable stationary member.

Upon the main frame 13 is mounted a slidable frame, shown in Figures frame 19 is carried on cylindrical rods 20 which extend co-axially through the respective sets of wheels 16 and 17, in a manner to permit the frame 19 to slide laterally with respect to the main frame 13; that is to right and left in Figure 5', I

The prime mover. which actuates the car ate comprises the fixed magnetizable memer 18 and three sets of coils 21, 22 and 23, having suitable magnetizabl'e cores con structed as well understood in the art of alter- 4 whose mode of mounting is best 5, '2' and 8. Thisslidable hating motor and generator construction; all

of which coils are carried by and are movable with th slidable frame 19. Coils 21 and 22 are located respectively above and below the member 18, while coils 23 are directed at right'angles to the other two.

The stationary member 18, together with the coils 21, 22 and 23 are the equivalent of a three phase alternating current motor in which the parts are located longitudinally instead of in a circle. Consequently, when a three phase current is supplied to the coils 21, 22, and 23, these coils will tend to travel along the member 18 in one direction or the other according to the direction of current supplied; and of course the frames 19 and 13 will be carried along the member 18 with the coils 21, 22 and 23.

When the elevator car is in proper stopping position at a floor, the gate 10 is directly opposite the hatchway door, which inthe form herein shown comprises two sections 24 and 25, supported and guided by wheels 26, 27 on track 28 and 29, 30 on track 31. (See Fig. 5.) I

The wheels 2 and 27 are carried by a frame 32 upon which is carried a vertical plate 33 referably provided with a soft iron or steel body 34. This plate 33 faces the coils 23, and, as soon as current passes throughsaid coils they are attracted toward said plate carrying the slidable frame 19 and the coils 21 and 22 with them. 77 This brings the face of the coils 23 very nearly in contact with the plate 33, whereby the magnetic attraction between the coils and plate is brought to a maximum.

When the current is first turned onto the coils 21, 22 and 23, for opening the gate and doors, the first operation is the movement of the coils on the frame 19 toward the plate 33. By the time this movement is come I pleted the progressive inductive effect of the undue wear,

three phase current has become effective upon the fixed motor member 18 and the prime mover on the car opens the gate, dragging the plate 33. with it, andthus causing simultaneous movement of the hatchway doors. This c ndition is reversed when the gate and doors are to be closed, by reversal of the phase Succession in any well known manner, such as, for example, that indicated in Fig. 9, to be described.

In order to prevent slamming, noise and it is preferred to supply cushioning means which regulate the back and forth movements of the frame 19 which car ries the electric coils.

In the preferred form shown, these cushioning means comprise the following construction. The slidable frame 19 carries a pair of dash pot cylinders 35, 36 at one end, and a similar pair 37, 38 at'the other. (See Figures and 7.)

' 3, thisbar 60 does The slidable frame carries a revoluble longitudinal shaft 39 having gear wheels and 41 which engage transverse racks 42, 43 fixed to the main frame 13. (See Figures 5 and 6.)

At each end of the shaft 39 1S fixed a lever, 44, the opposite ends of which are pivotally connected withthe u or ends of the dash pot piston rods 45, 46. t will therefore be evident that, when the frame 19 slides toward the plate 33, the revolution of the gears 40, 4:1 and shaft 39 will cause tiltin" of the levers 44 to operate one air of das pots, while return movement 0 the slidable frame will cause opposite movement of the levers 44 which will be resisted by the other pair of dash pots; thus slamming is prevented in both directions.

Movement of the frame 19 toward the plate 33 over the door 24 is caused by electro-mag netic attraction as already described, and this causes the frame 19 to remainnear the plate 33 until current is discontinued when the door is finally closed. Thereupon the slidable frame is returned to normal position by the springs 47 actingupon arms 48 fixed on the shaft 39. (See Figs. 6 and 8.)

Current is brought to the coils 21, 22 and 23 by wires 49, extendin from a brush carrying plate 50 carrying brushes which make continuous contact with three bus-bars 51 above the prime mover already described.

The doors 24 and 25 may be prevented from slamming in any desired manner. In the drawings the two armed lever 52 is mounted at '53 on t e door 25, one end of 52 being pivotally co nected with a lever 54 pivotal y mounted upon the door 24. The other end of 52 is connected by the pivoted arm 55 to a rotary oil checking device 56 or equivalent device. 1

It is desirable that the doors24 and 25 should not be capable of opening save from the car, and it is one feature of the invention that means are provided w ereby these doors remain automaticall locked except when current is turned on rom the car to open them. At the same time these means are so arranged as to permit a slight openingv of the doors to permit disengagement in case of anyone becoming caught in the doors by accident.

Referring particularly to Figures 2, 3 and 5, it will be seen that a long locking bar 57 is mounted upon arms 58 ivoted at the two ends of the bar as at 59. lormally this bar lies in the path of the abutment bar 60, attached to the frame carrying the door 24 and plate 33. As clearly shown in Figures 2 and not come against the end of the bar 57 until the door 24 has been opened a short distance, which can be re ulated at will by adjustment of the bar 60. ormally, however, the doors can only be 0 ened far enou h to brin the bar 60 against t e bar 57.

When the foors are opened electrically pivotally resent I from the cage, however, see Fig. 9') by closing ushbutton contact 1 which energizes opening relay 77, and a pair of contacts 90 operated by said relay 77 completes a circuit through relay 61, the core 62 (Fig. 5) of which lifts the arm 58 and removes the bar from the path of movement of the bar 60, thus ermitting the hatchway doors to open. Re-

ay 61 remains energized for the full length,

of the opening movement and becomes de-. energized when the time relay 79 opens'its contact 81 thereby de-energizing opening relay 77. As is evident from lnspection of Figure 5, when the doors open, the bar 60 slides along the under surface of the bar 57, keeping it automatically lifted in the unlocked position whether or not there be any current in the solenoid 61; which, consequently only needs to operate momentarily.

When the doors 24, 25 close, the bar 60 passes out from under 57, which at once falls into locking position again.

In case of accidental failure of the solenoid 61 to act, the doors can be manually unlocked from the car b means of a bell crank lever 162 which pulls own on a bar 63 raising the end of the finger 64 under the bar 57.

The bar can thus be lifted, permitting the doors 24 and 25 to be opened.

The solenoid 61 is also preferabl used when energized to swing the bell cran lever 65 fulcrumed at 66, whereby an interlocking switch 67 is opened, preventing operation of the motor that drives the elevator, in a well known manner. Thus when the door and gate opening motor is supplied with current to open the gate and doors, the elevator cage cannot be moved This switch operation is preferably made more or less gradual, to prevent violent movements,,by a diaphragm cushioning means 68 or equivalent device.

In Fi ures 2 and 3 is shown a form of auxiliary yielding lock preferably employed in connection herewith. This consists of a roller 168 on the end of a pivotally mounted lever 69, which is drawn upward by a spring 70, so as to force the roller 68 against the under side of the rail-28 or its equivalent.

When the door is closed, as in Figure 2, the roller is pressed into a notched portion of tl.o rail 28, as shown.

The means for controlling the various electrical circuits for opening and closing the gates and doors may take a great variety of forms. Merely by way of example, Figure 9 illustrates diagrammatically one of many ap ropriate arrangements employing devices we 1 known In this art.

The three sets of motlve coils are shown" connected in Delta formation at 21, 22 and 23, and these are energized for opening the gate and door as already described, by clos- 7 ing the set of three switch contacts shown at O in Fig. 9; while closing of gate and door is accomplished when the three contacts G are heretofore described. lllOIlS to elevators and door openers 1n genlelral are well known and need no description ere. 7

At 71 and 72 are shown push buttons or switches preferably located in the cage or car, which serves as illustrative examples of the means employed to initiate operation of the door controlling means. The push button 71 is usedfor opening, and the button 72 for closing the gate and door in each case. The operation in opening and closing by means of the circuits shown is as follows- When the button 71 is pressed current passes from the main conductor 73 to the main conductor 74 by means of wire 75, through three sets of relay coils described hereinafter, and by Wire 76.

The relay coils in question are the opening relay 77, the automatically selected interlock relays 7 8 which act to open the respective interlock switches 67 for the different floors, and the time relay 79.

W hen circuit has been closed through those three relay coils in multiple arc, three things occur, as follows (a) The opening relay 77 causes the gate and door opening contacts 0 to close to start the gate and door to open (1)) At the same time the relay 77 closes contact at switch 80, so that the attendant may release the button 71 while the operating circuit is kept closed through 80. A circuit is also closed at contacts 90 which energizes relay 61.

(0) One of the coils 78 opens the appropriate safety switch 67 at the floor where the door is being opened. The means for selecting these colls automatically are well known. One construction for this general purpose is shown in U. S. Patent No. 826,752.

(a?) The time regulated coil or relay 79 operates at a predetermined time, correspond-- ing to the opening of the gate and door, to open the switch 81, thereby de-energizing all tgi'ee coils 7 7, 78 and 79 and rendering them 1 e.

When the gate and door are to be closed the switch 72 is closed and the operations set up are entirely similar to those already de- The closing coil 82 closes the switches C These contacts are con- 1 lever connected with said 0f the gate and door. At the same time it closes the switch 83; and finally the time coil 8d opens the switch 85 when the gate and door are closed.

The details of these coils and switches require no description, being well known in the art, and merely recited here as one example of the .various ways in which the novel features of this invention may be made useful and effective.

In our claims the expression door is to be understood as applying to any form of door, gate or barrier, unless made more specific in meaning by the context.

This invention ma be embodied in a great variety of forms without departing from the scope of our claims, and we are not to be limited to the details herein shown and described.

What we claim is- 1. Apparatus for moving a door comprising a stationary longitudinal member of magnetizable material in combination with a plurality of sets of coils adapted to move with the door and directed toward said stationary member by the electro-magnetic inductive force created upon passage of current to said coils and means for supplying electric current to said coils.

2. Door operating means comprising two parallel pairs of rails, a carriage having wheels adapted to roll along said rails, a transversely movable frame on said carriage, and .electro-magnetic motive means on said frame.

3. Apparatus as in claim 2 in combination with a spring mechanism adapted to move the transversely movable frame in one direction.

4. Apparatus as in claim 2 in combination with a rack on said carria e, dash pots on the transversely movable f rame, a pivoted dash pots and a pinion on said lever engaging the rack on the carriage.

5. A door carrying a mass of magnetizable material, a second door movable close to the first named door, and an electro-magnetic motive means mounted above said second door adapted to open and close the same and also adapted to attract said magnetizable material on the first door to cause the two doors to move together.

6. In an elevator system a floor door and a car gate adapted to move parallel one to the other; in combination with anelectro-magnet mounted on one of the two. and means on the other adapted to be attracted thereby, whereby on opening and closing either the gate or the door the other of the two will be opened or closed at the same time.

7. Apparatus as in claim 6 wherein the electro-magnet is monnted'so as to be adapted to move laterally so as to' approach or to recede from the other door or gate.

to initiate closure 8. A magnetic electric operator for a door comprising a stationary longitudinal member of iron or steel set parallel to the intended direction of movement of the door, a set of electro-magnetic coils mounted to move with the door with their oles close to said longitudinal member, and means for producing a progressive polarization of said coils, to cause movement of the door-parallel to said longitudinal member.

9. Apparatus as in claim 8 in combination with a second door provided with means adapted to be magnetically attracted by said coils to cause simultaneous movement of said doors. I

10. Cushioning mechanism for doors comprising a pair of dashpots, a plunger in each dashpot, a pivoted lever connected with said plungers, a transversely-movable frame supporting said dashpots, and means whereby the transverse motion of. said frame rocks said pivoted lever to cause reciprocating motion of said plungers.

11. Interlocking means for elevators comprising a safety switch preventing operation of the elevator hoisting means when in circuit openin position, a lock for prevent ing opening 0 a shaftway door, a door opening motor, means to open said safety switch and unlock said door, means for energizing said unlocking means, and means for preventa ing effective operation of said door opening motor prior to the operation of said unlock- .ing means.

In testimony whereof we have hereto 'aflixed our signatures on this 27th day of June, 1927.

HAROLD W. SHONNARD. HENRY F. RICHARDSON.

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