US1839068A

US1839068A - Separable fastener

Info

Publication number: US1839068A
Application number: US380274A
Authority: US
Inventors: Waschiczeck Fritz
Original assignee: Firm Otto Schubert & Sohn
Current assignee: Firm Otto Schubert & Sohn
Priority date: 1928-12-10
Filing date: 1929-07-23
Publication date: 1931-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 1948-12-29

Description

F. WASCHICZECK 1,839,068

SEPARABL'E FASTENER Filed July 23; 1929 E t: 7 LEE l II 7 v //7//e/7f0/";

Patented Dec. 29, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE FRITZ WASGHICZECK, OI NAUMIBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THE FIRM OTTO SCHUIBERT & SOHN, OF NA'UMBURG, GERILANY sErAnABLn rAsTEima Application filed July 28, 1929, Serial No. 380,274, and in Germany Decenibcr lO, 1928.

The present invention relates to a separable fastener construction comprising separable metallic fasteners particularly those of the type known as multiple operated fasteners which are ada ted to be arran ed in rows along portlons of pieces of fabric and to be interlocked and released upon operation of a manually movable slide. I

Fasteners of this type are ordinarily clam d or attached to a reinforced edge of a strip of fabric in such a way that portions of the fasteners extend beyond theedge of the fabric, said projecting or free portions being configured to coact with corresponding free or rojecting fastener elements carried at the e ge of a corresponding strip of fabric to establish an interlock between the two.

The top and bottom surfaces .'of the fastener elements are elevated with relation to the fabric at those portions of the fastener elements which are anchored in the fabric, this elevated portion being engaged by a slide member operable upon movement in one direction to cause the elements to interlock and, upon movement in the other direction, to cause the release of such elements. The slide member, as shown for example in Pat ent No. 1,243,458 and others of a similar type, is provided in its interior with cam surfaces to assure the establishment in every position' of the slide ofan angular relation be,- tween the free ends of the fastener elements appropriate to cause an interlocking or an un ocking within the slide of the elements according to the direction in whichthe slide is being moved. Fasteners of this kind have gone into extensive use, but for any urposes and in many ways they are no entirely satisfactory. For example, as the fastener elements are usually exposed to view, they have failed to again favor wherever neatness and beauty were of prime importance as in ladies hand bags, garments, etc. Since the fastener elements are exposed, the must be made of rust-proof material or e plated with an oxidation and friction-resisting metal which reatly increases the cost 'of manufacture.

urtherlnore, whenv such fasteners are .used in connection with articles which, as

the longltudinal edges 0 contiguous in the case of over-shoes, are'subjected to clogging by dirt or ice,.pro er operation of the slide is frequently inter ered with.

To overcome such difficulties it has been heretofore proposed to provide flaps adapted to overlie the fastener elements, so that they might be covered in the interlocked position. In such constructions the flaps were attached either to the fabric strip on which the fastener elements were mounted, beyond the attached edges of the latter, or to the material (such as the upper part of an overshoe) to which the fabric strips were conj nected. In such arrangements the slide engages the elevatededges of the fastener elements (as in the older exposed type of fasteners) and is positioned between such elements 'and the coverin flaps so that the upstanding lug to whic the slide-operating finger piece is generally attached lies between and engages the edges of the flaps. In such constructions the repeated movement of the slide and of the upstanding lug thereof tended to fray the flaps and to urge the flaps away from the rows of fastener elements and to cause the contiguous flap edges to curl away from each other so that a continuing nice fit between the flaps was rendered im-- possible and the fastener elements remain at least in part constantly .exposed while the combined structure exhibited an unsightly appearance.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a combination wherein fastener elements of the indicated type are reliabl effectively, and permanently enclosed an protected by a tough esthetically appearing material which will not only permit proper operation of the metallic fastener elements but will tend todassure stabilit of their relative ositions an ersistence 0 pro roperating onditions so that the device will not be unfavorably affected, notwithstanding repeated operation of the slide. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to rovide a fastener strip construction of sue ture that a protecting materialiis closely as a na-' sociated with the fastener elements so as to extent that upon interlock of mating fastener elements the free edge portion of the covering material carried by the two strips will make contact'with each other. It is also an object of the present invention to equip fastener strips of the kind in question with a reliable protective covering material which functions operatively between the planes of the upper and lower inner surfaces of the slide, so that the slide embraces and travels over the whole of the protective material instead of moving beneath any flaps or exterior coverings.

It is also an object of the present invention to rovide separable strips with covering materlal which will serve to reinforce the fabric-attached portions of the fastener elements and will provide a resilient mass entirely enclosing the roots of the fastener elements and simultaneously serving to maintain and to reestablish the position of the fastener elements with relation to the fabric. In the preferred form of the invention the covering material is composed of rubber which is vulcanized upon the roots of the fastener elements and to the supporting fabric strip, so that the roots of the elements are embedded in the rubber mass while the free ends of the covering material overlie a portion of the free ends of the fastener elements being separated therefrom, however, to permit the necessary movement of the interlocking portionsof the fastener elements during the process of looking or unlocking.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a covered fastener element strip which is neat and substantially flat in appearance and capable of ornamental and decorative treatment, so that the same'may lie used with satisfaction on high grade articles and in conspicuousplaces, the covering material being capable of treatment to cause it toharmonize with the material of the article to which it is applied. It is a feature of the present invention that the metal of which the fastener elements are composed need not be electro-plated or provided with a corrosion-resisting surface, since the metal elements of which the fasteners are made are completely enclosed or concealed, so that they can be made of brass or similar material without interfering with the effectiveness or sightliness of the product.

An embodiment of the inventionis illustrated by way of example in the accompanysection on line A-B of Fig. 1.

The numerals 1-1 indicate a strip of fabric of any suitable type provided with a reinforced edge to which the fastener elements 3 are attached in any known manner. The

fabric strips 1 are designed to be sewn on otherwise attached to a longitudinal edge of an opening in a garment or other article, which openmg is to be opened or closed at will by the o eration of the slide 4.

In the pre erred form of the present invention the rows of fastener elements 3 are encased at the roots thereof b a pliable covering substance, such as rub er, vulcanized upon said fastener elements, and upon the fabric, and forming the strips 22 which, as illustrated in Fig. 2, are of substantially rectangular cross-section. As shown in Fig. 1 these stri s 2 extend in the direction of the free ends of the fastener elements but terminate at their free ed es before reaching the extreme free ends 0 the fastener elements. These free ends of the coverin material are disconnected from the forwar or free ends of the fastener elements, while at the root ends of the fastener elements the covering material completely encloses and is attached to the fastener elements. The resilient or elastic covering material is thus positioned directly upon and between the roots of the fastener elements 3. When the cover strips 2 are made of rubber or similar material, they maybe vulcanized into a continuous, homogeneous structure which thereby becomes permanently attached to the fastenerelements-supporting strip or base 1 and to the roots or attached portions of the fastener elements. In this manner an effective reenforcement for the fastener elements is provided, so that loosening of such elements after continuous use, is prevented.

As indicated in Fig. 2, the cover strips are so formed that they provide a raised face rising from the supporting strip 1, said face functioning as a guide for the slide 4 and aiding it in its movement. Due to the fact that the slide thus engages a continuous stri of soft but-tough material such as vulcanized rubber, the action of the slide is very smooth and practically noiseless It will also be clear from Fig. 1 that a portion of the slide passes between the abutting edges of the rubber strips to cause engagement and disengagement of the fastener elements, yet the slide at all times tends to keep the rubber strips fiat and prevents their curling away from each other.

k The cover strips can be made very flat and as they may consist of rubber or similar plastic material which is not unpleasant to the touch and is a poor conductor of heat,

the new fastener strip can be comfortably employed in undergarments or the like. Due to the method of construction involved in the new strip, there are no rough or cutting dirt or ice reaching the fasteners and clogging the same, because the contiguous edges tion and without departing from its spirit.

I claim: 1. A separable fastener, comprising, in

combination, two opposite fabric edges, two' opposite groups of fastener elements supported respectively on said fabric edges and adapted to engage with one another, a cover of elastic material on each fabric edge and on each group of fastener elements at the attached portions of said elements, and there filling the gaps between said elements and extending at least partly over the free ends of the latter, and a slide gripping overs-aid covers of the opposite groups of fastener elements.

2. A separable fastener, as specified in claim 1, wherein said covers are made of rubber and are vulcanized to the fabric.

3. The combination with a pair of adj acent rows of fastener elements adapted to be interlocked with each other to close an opening therebetween and a supporting base for each of said rows of elements, such supporting bases lying in substantially the same plane. of a section of pliable material attached to the supporting base and to the roots of the elements attached to said base, said pliable material overlying each of said rows of elements and being of such width and so related as to cover completely, in abutting relation, both rows of fastener elements when the latter are interlocked, and aslide engaging over said sections of pliable material and adapted, when moved, to pass over the whole of said pliable material. y

4. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising supporting strips having confronting strip edges, lying in substantially the same plane, a row of fastener elements on each, of the confronting strip edges, a strip of pliable protecting material overlyin root portions of the fastener elements in eac row, and an operating slide embracing the rows of elements and overlying saidstrips' of pliable material.

5. A fastener structure of the interlocking slide-operated type, comprising supporting edges having confronting fabric edges, a row of fastener elements permanently attached to each of the confronting fabric edges, an elastic protecting strip of rubber cemented to the fabric edges and to the root portions of the fastener elements in each row, so as to form a permanent union between the fastener elements and the fabric, and an operating slide embracing the rows of elements and substantially enclosing said strips of protecting materia r 6. A fastener structure of the interlocking slide-operated type comprising supportingstrips having confronting stri edges, a row offastener elements on each 0 the confronting strip edges, a strip of pliable protecting material overlying in attached relation the root portions of the fastener elements in each row and overlying in unattached relation a part of each of the fastener elements extending from the strip edges. and extending toward but not quite up to the free end portions of 'the fastener elements and. an operating slide embracing therows of elements and overlying said strips of pliable material.

7. A fastener structure of the interlocking,

slide-operated type, comprising supporting strips having confronting strip edges lying in substantially the same' plane, a row of fastener elements on each of the confronting strip edges, a strip of pliable protecting material overlying root portions of the fastener elements in each row, and an operating slide having members'overlying and substantially enclosing the rows of fastener elements and the whole of the pliable strips so that during slide movement the elements and the pliable strips pass within the slide. Y

8. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising supporting strips having confronting strip edges, a row of fastener elements on each of the confronting strip edges, a strip of pliable protecting material overlying root portions of the fastener elements in each row, and an operating slide embracing the rows of elements and overlying said strips of pliable material, inward edges of the pliable strip being located to expose only short free end portions of the fastener elements to permit interlocking.

9. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising supporting strips having confronting strip edges, a row of fastener elements on each of the confronting strip edges, a strip of pliable protecting material overlying root portions of the fastener elements in each row, an operating slide embracing the rows of elements and overlying said strips of pliable material, inward fastener elements on each of the confronting strip edges, a strip of pliable protecting material overlying root portions of the fastener elements in each row, and an operating slide having members overlying and substantially enclosing the rows of fastener elements and the pliable strips so that during slide movement the elements and pliable strips pass. within the slide, inward edges of the protecting strips being located to expose only short free end portions of the fastener elements to permit interlocking and so that said strip edges are brought into engagement when the structure is in locked condition.

11. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising fabric base strips lyingin substantially the same plane, a row of astener elements on an edge of each strip, the root portions of said elements being engaged on the strip and interlocking formations of the elementsprojecting from the strip edge, an enclosing and protecting strip of flexible material overlying and substantially enclosing the root portions ofeach row of fastening elements, and an operating slide having members formed toproduce interlocking action and to substantiallyembrace the rows of fastening elements and the protecting strips which move within and through the slide as the latter is operated.

12. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising fabric base strips lying in substantially the same plane, a row of fastener elements on an edge 0 each strip, the root portions of said elements being engaged on the strip and interlocking formations of the elements projecting from the strip edge, an enclosing and protecting strip of flexible material overlying and substantially enclosin the root portions of each row of fastening e ements, and an operating slide having members formed to produce interlocking action and to substantially embrace the rows of fastening elements and the protecting strips which move within and through the slide as the latter is operated, the protecting strips being of a width to overlie longitudinal zones of the base strips adj aceiit'. the roots of the fastener elements.

13. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising fabric base strips, a row of fastener elements on an edge ofeach strip, the root portions of said elements being engaged on the strip and in terlocking formations of the elements pro jecting from the strip edge, an enclosing and protecting strip offlexible material overlying and substantially enclosing the root portions of each row of fastening elements,'and an operating slide having members formed to produce interlocking action and to substantially embrace the rows of fastening elements and the protecting strips which move within and through the slide as the latter is operated, the protecting strips being of a width to overlie longitudinal zones of the from the strip edge, an enclosing and protecting strip of flexible material inherently enclosing the root portions and having an extension section overlying all the unenclosed portions of the fastener element except the free tip ends thereof and an operating slide having members formed to produce inter locking action'and to substantially embrace the rows of fastening elements and the protecting strips which move within and through the slide as the latter is operated.

15. A fastener structure of the interlocking slide-operated type, comprising fabric base strips, a row of fastener elements on an edge of each strip, the root portions of said elements being engaged on the strip and interlocking formations of the elements projecting from the strip edge, a strip of rubber composition overlying and substantially enclosing the root portions of each row of fastening elements and cemented to said root portions and to the adjacent fabric strip portions to assist in holding said fastener elements in proper spaced relation, and an operating slide having members formed to produce interlocking action and to substantially enclose or embrace the rows of fastening elements and the rubber strips which move within and through the slide as the latter is operated.

16. A fastener structure of the interlocking slide-operated type, comprising fabric base strips, a ro'w of fastener elements on an edge of each strip, the root portions of said elements being en aged on the strip and interlocking formatlons of the elements projecting from the strip edge, a strip of rubber composition overlying and substantially enclosing the root portions of each row of fastening elements and cemented to said root portions and to the adjacent fabric strip portions to assist in holding said fastener elements in proper spaced relation, and an operating slide having members formed to produce inter-lockingaction and to substantially enclose or embrace the rows of fastening elements and the rubber strips which move within and throu h the slide as the latter is operated, the rub er strips being of a width to overlie longitudinal zones of the base strips adjacent the roots of the fastenerelements.

17 A fastener structure of the interlockedge of each strip, the root portions of said elements being engaged on the strip and interlocking formations of the elements projecting from the strip edge, a strip of rubber composition overlying and substantially enclosing the root portions of each row of fastening elements, and an operating slide having members formed to produce interlocking action and to substantlally enclose or embrace the rows of fastening elements and the rubber strips which move within and through the slide as the latter is operated, the rubber strips being of a width to overlie longitudinal zones of the base strips adjacent the roots of the fastener elements, and the free edges of the protecting strips being adjacent the free end portions of the fastener elements and positioned to be brought into firm engagement when the structure is in locked condition.

18. A fastener structure of the interlocking slide-operated type, comprising fabric base strips, a row of fastener elements on an edge of each strip, the root portions of said elements being engaged on the strip and interlocking formatlons of the elements projecting from the strip edge, a strip of rubber composition enclosing the root portions and having an extension section overlying all the unenc osed portions of the fastening elements except the free tip ends of each row and an operating slide having members formed to produce interlocking action and to substantially enclose or embrace the rows of fastening elements and the rubber strips which move within and through the slide as the latter is operated.

19. A fastener structure of the interlock ing, slide-operated type, comprising supporting strips'lying in substantially the same plane a row of fastener elements on each of the fronting strip edges, a strip of pliable protecting material of substantially rectangular cross-section and overlying root portions of the fastener elements in eachrow and cemented to said root portions and to the adjacent fabric strip portions to assist in holding said fastener elements in proper spaced relation,and an operating slide embracing the rows of elements and overlying said strips of pliable material.

20. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising fabric base strips lying in substantially the same plane, a row of fastener elements on an edge of each strip, the root portions of said elements being engaged on the strip and interlocking formations of the elements projecting from the strip edge, an enclosing and protecting strip of flexible material of substantially rectangular cross-section overlying and substantially enclosing the root por tions of each row of fastening-elements, and cemented to said root portions and to the adj acent fabric s trip rtions to assist in holding said fastener e ements in proper spaced relation and an operating slide having members formed to produce interlocking action,

and tosubstanti'ally embrace the rows of fastening elements and the protecting strips which move within and through the slide as the latter is operated.

21. In combination with an interlocking fastener of the type disclosed, comprising base strips lying in substantially the same plane, rows of fastener elements thereon and an operating slide, strips of flexible material on the base strips and overlying root portions of the fastener elements, the slide bein formed to substantially enclose the flexib e strips which move through it as it is operated.

22; A fastener structure of the interlock-- ing slide-operated type, comprising supporting strips having confronting strip edges lying in substantially the same plane, a row of fastener elements on eachof the confronting strip edges, pliable protecting material supported from each of the confronting strips, and an operating slide embracin the rows of elements'and so much of the pliable material as can be accommodated by the slide,

whereby when the slide is in operation it will successively embrace and passover continuous sequences of the fastener elements and succesive portion of the pliable material.

23. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising sup porting strips having confrontin strip edges, a row of fastener elements on eac of the confronting strip edges, a strip 'of pliable material overlying root portions of the fastener elements in each row and an operating slide having passages therethrough for the fastener elements as well as for the protecting material, said passages being composed of a channel longitudinal of the rows of fastener elements and of two connecting channels extending angularly from the longitudinal channel, said channels being so dimensioned terial situated on the opposite confronting strip edges of the supporting strips.

24. A fastener structure of the interlocking, slide-operated type, comprising supporting base strips, a row of fastener elements at an edge of each of said strips, a'strip of pliable protecting material overlyin root portions of the fastener elements in eac row and attached along one edge to said base strips, the other edges of .said protecting strips being free, said' latter strips being so dimensioned that when the rows of fastener elements are interlocked the free ends of such strips engage each other in abuttin relation and an operating slide embracing t e rows of fastener elements andoverlying said strips of pliable material.

25. A fastener structure as set forth in claim 24, wherein the fastener elements project beyond the free edges of the protecting strips and wherein the slide includes a fastener separating member arranged to engage the ends of the fastener elements during t e opening movement without engaging the free edges of said protecting strips.

26. A fastener structure of the interlocking slide-operated type comprising supporting base strips, a row of fastener elements attached near an edge of each of said strips, a strip of pliable protecting material connected wit such strips, and overlying portions of the fastener elements in each row and terminating in free edges, said protecting strips being so dimensioned that when the rows of fastener elements are interlocked the free edges of the protecting strips engage each other in abutting relation, and an operating slide embracing both the rows of fastener elements and said strips of pliable material.

27. A fastener structure comprising two supporting strips, each having associated therewith, at both sides adjoining one of its edges, thickened sections of rubber-like material, each section having a shoulder set back from said edge, a slide embracing all of such sections at the four said shoulders thereof, one part of said slide being approximately as wide as the sum of the widths of two of the thickened sections of the two strips between their opposed shoulders when the two strips are in connected relation, another part of t e slide having diverging side walls confining each of the sections from its shoulder to its free edge during' the stage where the two strips are in disconnected relation, and means situated between the opposite sections of each strip adapted to form an interlock as the action of the slider walls against the shoulders the row by two such rigid elements, said supportin sections adapted to be manipulated for e ectin interlock therebetween by the coercive action of a slide against the rubber sections. a

' In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

' FRITZ WASCHICZECK.

of the thickened sections forces the latter into parallel relation.

28. A fastener structure comprising two supporting strips, each having associated therewith, a thickened rubber-like section arranged for mating contact, complementary interlocking structures concealed within said sections when mated and comprising a row of elements within the edge portioniof one of said sections, said elements having projections thereon, and a row of elements having receivingand retaining recesses in the other of said sections, said last named row being defined at least in part by elements composed of material more rlgid than said rubber-like sections and embedded within, supported in proper position by, and anchored in the confines of the rubber section and extending transversely of the row, whereby each of the successive recesses is bounded lengthwise of