US1823800A - Heat transferrer - Google Patents

Description

O. H. HARTMANN ET AL HEAT TRANSFERRER Sept. 15, 1931.

Filed Feb. 24, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l lhvenfora 0%Eflaort'rnann anwj izzffmng,

Sept. 15 1931. 0. H. HARTMANN ET AL 1,823,800

HEAT TRANSFERREH Filed Feb. 24, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. l 15, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEVY OTTO H. HARTMANN AND MAX HANNIG, OF CASSEL-WIIiHELMSHOHE, GERMANYQAS- SIGNORS TO SCHMIDTSCHE HEISSDAMPF-GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAF- TUNG, OF CASSEL-WILHELMSHOHE, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY HEAT TRANSFERRER Application filed February 24, 1930, Serial No. 430,944, and in Germany April 25, 1929.

The invention relates to heat transferrers 1n WhlCh the heating elements are arranged mside a drum or other container with connections to the outside thereof, the heatingv elements running lengthwise of the drum or the like and consisting of groups of tubes which at their free ends are provided with headers for the necessary connections.

In heat-transferring apparatus of this kind as specially designed for the indirect generation of high-pressure steam, difiiculties occur in preventing the stresses rising to too high a degree in consequence of the inability of the parts concerned to expand freely.

According to the present invention, such difficulties are overcome by connecting the lower headers rigidly with the outlet fittings, while the upper headers are connected .Wl'z'h the inlet fittings by relatively long tubes provided with one or more bends.

With such a construction, upon expansion of the heatingelements, the upper headers can move in the longitudinal direction in relation to. the lower headers so that stresses "5 of too high a degree due to large variations in temperature are avoided.

Referring to the accompanying diagram matic drawings, which show difi'erent forms of the'invention by way of example Figure 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a drum and its contents with the centre part broken away;

' Figure 2 shows a corresponding horizontal section, and Figure 3 a cross-section of the drum with the heating elements in end view;

' Figure 4 is a vertical longitudinal section through the drum of a modified form of the invention showing one of the central heating elements,

Figure 5 being a similar view showing one I of the outer heating'elements, while Figure 6 shows a cross section. Finally, Figures 7 and 8 show respectively a vertical longitudinal and cross section of a modified form of the invention shown in Figures 4 to 6.

In all the drawings heat transferrer is indicated by the numeral, 1, the container in the example shown consisting of a thick-walled drum for the indirect generation of high-pressure steam, access to the interior of the drum for the insertion of the longitudinally-disposed heating elements being obtained at both ends through the manhole openings, 2.

These heating elements co'nsistof groups I of U-tubes which at their free ends are con'-' nected to corresponding headers, 4 and 5. The lower headers, 4, are connected inside the drum by short lengths of straight tube, 6, tothe outlet fittings, 7 ,while the connection of the upper headers, 5, with the corresponding fittings, 8, is effected by relatively long S-tubes, 9, attached above the Us to the upper headers, 5, which are offset longitudinally as shown in relation to the lower headers, 4, in order to provide for the necessary length of S-tube, 9. The lower headers, 4, arein this way in rigid association with the drum, 1,-while the upperheaders, owing to the long connecting. tubes, 9, are movable in relation to the drum, so that the parts concerned cannot be overstressed when differential changes of temperature occuril the heating elements. 1

In the example shown, the U-tube's of the heating elements lie in parallel planes with their corresponding ends disposed alternately in opposite directions so thatfittings, 7 and 8, are disposed at both ends of the drum.

Through the fittings, 7, condensate is withdrawn whilethrough the fittings, 8, the heating steal n, whether it be in thesaturated or superheated condition, e nters and after giving up its heat of evaporation only or its superheat in addition, flows away as condensate through the connections, 7

' In the form of the invention shown in Figures 4 to 6, each upper header, 5, is offset the-container for the I longitudinally to a less extent than in Figure 1 while the S-shaped tube, 9,'connected to its upper part runs the whole length of the upper legs ofthe U. In this form, the fittings, 7, for-the withdrawal of condensate all lie at one end of the drum and the fittings, 1

In Figures 7 and 8, a further form of the invention is shown in which for each header, the single connecting-tube, 9, of large diameter is sub-divided into a group of tubes, 10,

of small diameter to provide for the necessary expansion.

This arrangement is applicable to both forms of the invention described above.

.In any of the forms of the invention described, the Us may be replaced by straight lengths of tube connected to a return header.

Although the invention is intended rimarily for the indirect generation of highpressure steam, it is also applicable to steam-- heated superheaters, evaporators or othei 35 steam-heated heat transferrers.

We claim 2- 1. A heat transferrer with heating elements arranged lengthwise in a drum or other contain er, these elements consisting of groups of U-tubes having one set of legs at a higher elevation than the other, their upper legs be ing connected with upper headers, through which steam is admitted, and their lower legs being connected withlower headers, through which condensate, is withdrawn, the lower headersbeing in rigid association with the drum and the upper headers being connected to the drum by a relatively long tube having one or more bends to give it flexibility, said tube running longitudinally of the drum through a section thereof occupied by the lower legs. i

2. -A heat transferrer as claimed in claim 1,

. in which certain of the heating elements with their connections are reversed end for end in relation to certain other of the heating elements. I 7 H 3. A heat transferrer as claimed in claim 1,

- in which the connections for the heating steam inlet and also for the condensate outlet of any individual heating element are disposed.

at the same end of the drum,'and the upper headers are offset longitudinally in relation to the lower'headers as far as is necessary to provide sufiicient length for the curved connecting tubes.

4. A heat transferrer as claimed in claim 1, in which the connections for the heatingsteam inlet and for the condensate outlet of any individual heating element are disposed at opposite ends of the drum, and the curved connecting tube for each of the upper headers runs nearly the whole length of the corresponding heating element.

In testimony whereof we have afiixed our signatures.

OTTO H. HARTMANN. MAX HANNIG.

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