US1820774A - Apparatus for burning liquid fuel - Google Patents

Description

1931- c. R. BOYCE 1,820,774

APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID FUEL Original Filed July 8. 1927 INVENTOR.

Patented 1 931 [PATENT OFFICE? mac: ii. Boron," or time; lmflcoflgm 'liiranarnirjroa statesmen my,

' ajimammea iiij a, 1m, macro; n. Benewedjhauary a4, 1931.

. 1' r 1 f. I

V This invention relates tojan apparatus for burning liquid fuel, such as oil, and-has for its. general objects to secure complete combustion of such fuel and to obtain maximum heating ,efliciencytherefrom. '1

' A further object is to' providean apparatus for burning liquid fuel which is extremel simple and practical in construction as wel as eflicient and reliable in operation.

Another object of the invention is to" provide1an apparatus ofthe' above .klnd having such safety features as to meet with all of the requirements for "a successful commercial use. d I

Other and more specific objects will become apparent as the natureof the invention is better understood, and the same consists in the novel form, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, shown in the accompanying 'draw ings and claimed.

In the drawings, wherein likereferenee characters indicate corresponding {parts throughout theseveral views,

Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic view, partly in elevation, and partly broken away and in section, of the principal portion of the present apparatus including the burner, carburetor and associated parts;

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentar vertical section taken'upon line 2-2 Figure 1.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the present apparatus includes a burner embodying a relatively, large combustion tube 5, open at'its ends and adapted to be rigidly mounted in a horizontal position with the end .6 thereof projecting into the fire box of a stove or furnace. For ,so mounting the combustion tube, the latter ma'y be provided near the end 6 thereof with an annu ar flange 7 adapted to be bolted to the wall of the furnace in an obvlous man-- ner. The burner further includes an atomizer embodying a casing, 8 horizontally mediate the ends of the latter, the outer-tend of the casin 8 being open and the inner end thereof be Thevcasing 8 is divided by a partition into end 6:; ofthe combustion tube 5. mounted within the combustion tube intering closed asclearly shown.

inner and outer chambers 9 and 10 which communicate by the provision of a central opening 11 in said partition, and communieating with the inner chamber- 9 is the up-e turned end-of a pipe 12 which passes through the bottom of the combustion tube 5-=andextends from an air compressor 13 that is preferably driven by means 'of'an' "electric motor 14 as shown in Figure 6. A

float chamber 15 is suitably ,mounted be- 'neath the combustion tube 5 and has an out-. let pipe 16 that projects upwardl above the float chamber and extends upwar ly through the combustion. tube 5 and easing 8 so as to terminate directly in frontof the opening 155 11 in the partition of the'casing 8 within the outer compartment or chamber 10 of the I latter. It is thus apparentthat when air under pressure .is supplied 'to'the casing 8 through pipev'l2 by operation of com res'sor-T'lo 13, such compressed air will pass t rough the opening-11in small volume but relatively great velocity so as toiflow directly across the open upper end of the outlet pipe L16, thereby drawing the oil from the fioat' l5;

chamber 15 upwardly through the pipe 16 andlcausing the forwardprojection of the comingled air and oilin a finely divided or atomized spray which passes. out of the forward open end of the casing 8 for mixtureBo with the additional. air admitted into the combustion tube 5 through the open inner end 6a of the latter. '.Naturally,. the draft of air into and through the combustion tube may be obtained either through the reliance uponna'tural draft, or upon theuse of a .fan' connected to the intake end-6a of the combustion tube, as is well known in the art. Thus, the air supplied by the com- I pressor 13 effects thefeeding and atomizing of theoil, and is not supplied. in such quan- .tity astosupport combustion, the required amount of additional air for the latter purpose-being supplied through the open inner The chamber'1'5i'is employed to maintain a'supply of'oil adjacent the burner, and the oil is fed thereto'from a suitable source of supply'in any desired or preferred manner.

-.As shown, the 'Qi1 i ef.pr f y suppliednfma ,to the chamber 15 from a main reservpir or storage tank 17, by gravity, through a su ply pipe 18 communicatlng with a top iniet 19 of the chamber 15. For the purpose of maintaining a constant level of oil within the chamber 15, a float 20 is 'pivotally .mounted as at 21 within the lower part of in the chamber 15 rises, the float 20 will rise until the oil reaches the desired level in the chamber 15, at which time the valve 23 will be engaged with the seat 24 for cutting 011' the supply of. oil to the chamber 15. A shut off valve 25 is preferably provided in the su ply pipe 18 for convenience in cutting o the suppl of oil to the chamber 15 from the tank 1 when the burner or ad'acent parts require repair or the'like.

ispos ed beside the float chamber 15 is a second float chamber 26, and the upper part of the chamber 15 is-placed in communication with the upper part of the chamber 26 by means of a orizontal overflow pipe 27. Arranged within the'float chamber 26 1s a float 28 having an upstanding stem 29 that slidably extends through the top of the.

chamber 26 and has its upper end loosely pivoted to the adjacent arm of a catch 30 which is pivoted to the upper end of a post 31 carried by the top of the chamber 26. The hooked end or arm of the catch 30 is arranged to engage the weighted end of a lever 32 that is pivoted upon a post 33 carried by the top of float chamber 15, and the other end of lever 32 ispivoted to the upper end of a rod 34 slidably extending through the top of the float chamber 15 and having a lateral arm 35 upon its lower end arranged beneath the valve head 23 and having the stem 22 freely slidable therethrough. Thus, with the weighted longer arm of the lever 32 held raised by the catch 30 as shown in Figure 1, the arm 35 of rod 34 will be held at a sufliciently low point to freely permit lowering of the valve head 23 away from the seat 24 when the float 20 lowers, and the float 20 is free to raise the valve 23 to its .seat 24 when. the level of oil in the chamber 15 rises. However, should the oil rise to an excessively high level within the chamber 15 for any reason, such as by reason of failure of the valve 23 to close or entirely out ofi the supply of oil to the chamber 15 from pipe 18, the excess oil will overflow through pipe 27 into float chamber 26, causing float 28 torise so that stem 29 swings catch 30 'and causes the latter to disengage its hooked end from the weighted end of'lever 32 to raise the latter to its seat 24, thereby effectively cutting off the supply of oil tc chamber 15. In this way, operation of th burner is prevented when dangerous defective operation of the float valve occurs.

- Pro ecting outwardly from the forward open end of the atomizer casing 8 is ar arm 36 upon the outer end of which is, rigidly mounted a. vertical transversely disposed bafileplate 37 arranged in spaced relation to but directly front'of the open end 01 the casing 8 as shown in Figure 1.- In this way, the baflie plate 37 deflects the spray oi atomized oil laterally against the sides 01 the combustion tube 5, and should any exc'ess oil or more oil than will burn be drawn through the pipe 16 it will run down the sides of combustion tube 5 to the bottom 01 the latter. In order to prevent this excess oil from passing out of the ends of the combustion tube 5, the latter is preferably pro-' vided with bottom upturned ledges or lips 38, and a pipe 39 communicates with the bottom of the tube 5 directly beneath the arin 36 for draining the excess oil from the bottom of tube 5 into the float chamber 26. said overflow pipe 39 extending into the latter 'for this purpose. Should the. amount of oil drained from combustion tube 5 through pipe 39 reach a predetermined level in the ,chamber 26, the float 28 will have been raised sufliciently to release catch from lever32 so that the latter will operate valve member 23 and thereby cut off the supply of oil to the chamber 15. This renders the burner inoperative until the supply of oil through the pipe 16 is properly regulated or reduced. Further, the spra of oil and air striking against the baflie 3 will be directed laterally to more thoroughly break up the oil and causea thorough mixture with the air entering the tube 5, thusinsuring. thorough combustion of the inflammable mixture issuing from the outer end 6 oi the combustion tube. As the pipe 39 is shielded beneath the arm 36 and is arranged a considerable distance from the outer end 6 of the tube 5 where the flame is had, ignition of the oil in the pipe 39 and chamber 26 is rendered unlikely.

A valve 40 is provided in the pipe 16 for controlling the flow of oil from the float chamber 15 to the atomizer of the burner, and this valve includes a movable valve member or head not shown adapted to freely reciprocate in a vertical direction and to normally lower by gravity to its seat. The pole piece of an electro-magnet 42 has a projecting end surrounded by a stem 43 of insulating material which is adjustably threaded into the top of the casing of valve 40, and the-valve member not shown is constructed of magnetic material so as to-be attracted by the pole piece of magnet 42 for being elevated to open position; The magnet 42 is of a vwell known type adapted to be applied with alternating current, and which, when energized, will cause rapid reciprocation of valve member, the alternations of current passing through the magnet intermittently attracting the valve member and releasing the same. Thus, when the magnet 42 is de-energized, the valve member 41 will automatically close and rea main closed, and when the magnet 42 is energized, the. valve member not shown will be reciprocated to permit the flow of fuel I from the chamber 15 and at the same time have a churning action upon the oil so as to transform it into a foamy state for being more readily broken up and atomized when issuing from the open upper end of pipe 16 in the path of the air supplied by the compressor through pipe 12. Obviously, by threading the stem 43 to difierent distances within the casing of valve 40, the degree of opening of valve may be adjusted for preventing excessive supply of oil through pipe 16 such as will cause introduction o a greater amount of oil into combustion tube 5 than will burn. However, the regulation of the flow of oil through pipe 16 may be varied in any suitable manner such as by the use of an additional control valve, the. principal function of valve being to control the'o ening and closing of pipe 16 and to effect the churning of the oil supplied to the burner or the atomizer of the latter.

What I claim as new is 1. In a liquid fuel burning apparatus the combination with a. combustion chamber of a burner located therein and consisting of a hollow integral casting open at one end and closed at the other end, and having a baflie plate located in front of the open end, said casting being formed with a transverse partition having an openin therethrough for the passage of a r, an dividing the casting into two chambers, one of which is rovided at its'base with means for the'supp y of liquid fuel, the latter means comprising a tube terminatin in line with the opening through said partition, and con structed and adapted to cause va orization of the fuel issuing therefrom by t e current of air through the partition.

2. A liquid fuel burner constructed and adapted for insertion in a suitable combustion chamber and consisting of a hollow elongated castin closed at one end and open at the other on and formed with a transverse partition dividing the casting into two chambers, and formed with a diminished I aperture for the passage of an air jet, said

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