US1820424A - Loom - Google Patents

Description

Aug.25, 1931. A. BAADER 1,820,424

LOOM

Filed oct. 3, 192s J4 ATTORNEYS These periods while the shuttle is at rest must be of definite duration vto give the harness time to perform its function completely, and at the end of each rest period, the shuttle should start through the shed slowly, increasing its speed rapidly to a maximum and then slow down as it approaches the end of its travel so that strain on the mechanism by sudden stopping is avoided. Y

In the present mechanism, the period of rest in the shuttle movement is provided for by causing the pin on the crank arm to move through an arc of about 18()o in a vertical plane, the ends of its travel lying approximately in a horizontal plane. At the beginning of its oscillation, the pin moves downwardly substantially at right angles to the direction of shuttle movement, and for a substantial part of its are, the pin imparts practically no movement to the shuttles. During such movement of the pin, the shed is forming and the parts are so co-ordinated that when the shed is completed, the pin enters a part of its arc which causes movement of the shuttle through the shed. VAs the pin reaches the mid-point of its arc, the shuttle velocity is a maximum, and it then decreases as the pin begins to rise, until near the end of its travel, substantial angular movement of the pin causes little or no movement of the shuttle. Y

With this arrangement, the pin has a continuous reciprocation throughout the operation of the loom, and the shuttles have a continuous simple harmonic motion. While the shuttles are in motion at all times except the instants when they change direction, they move so slowly near the ends of their throw that they may be considered at rest. This result is obtained without the use of specially designed cams and the throw of the shuttles is readily variable by varying the.

position of the pin with relation to its center of oscillation. y

For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be made to the accompanving drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a view in front elevation of a hatten with the new drive mechanism;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation, partly in sectlon;

Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional views lines 3-3 and i-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a modified construction, and

F ig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6-6 of F ig. 5.

Referring now to the drawings, the drive mechanism is illustrated as mounted on an end frame 10 of a ribbon loom provided with a batten 11 of ordinary construction. This hatten includes an upper rail 12 and a beam 13 between which are mounted straps 14 to which are secured `guide blocks 15 defining `guxdeways forl the shuttles 16. There is a on the guideway between each adjacent pair of spaces 17, where the reeds are mounted and in the loom illustrated the shuttles are mounted in upper and lower rows and the shuttles of both rows are reciprocated in unison past their associated reeds, passing through the sheds in their movement.

hile the driving mechanism of' this invent-ion may be used with any of the standard means for moving the shuttles. I prefer to employ the construction set forth and described in my co-pen ding application Ser. No. 208.918, filed July 28, 1927. That mechanism includes a rod 18 extending lengthwise of the hatten and lying between the shuttles of the upper and lower rows. The rod carries a plurality of plates 19 of semicircular shape which are engageable in slots 20, one near each end oit each shuttle. Successive plates on the rod lie angularly spaced 180O and the rod is supported in anyv convenient manner on the batten but at one end it is mounted in anarm` 21 extending upwardly from a slide 22 mounted in a suitable guideway in the hatten. The rod is held in place in the end of the arm by collars or other suitable means so that it is free to rotate in the arm, but is held against endwise movement relative thereto. At the other end the rod extends into a tubular cam 23 having a slot 24 into which a pin 25 on the rod projects. The arrangement is such that when the shuttles are to be moved, a plate 19 on the rod is engaged in the slot in the trailingl edge of each shuttle. rlhe rod is moved endwise. advancing the leading ends of the shuttles through their sheds` and when these leading' ends are eX- posed beyond the sheds, the rod is angularly moved through 180o. so that the plates on the rods formerly engaging the shuttles are disengaged-therefrom and alternate plates are brought into engagement with the shuttles. As the plates are spaced apart a distance equal to the distance between the slots in the shuttles, it follows that after this rotational movement of the rod, each shuttle is connected thereto by a plate which enters a slot in the leading end of the shuttle. rlhis en gagement continues until the shuttles have moved to the end of their throw and on the return movement, a similar sequence oi operations takes place.

In orderl to move the rod 18 endwisc to bring about the desired shuttle movement, the slide 22 carries a plate 26, having a slotted extension 27 projectingl upwardly therefrom. Into the slot projects the end of a pin 28 on a crank arm 29 fast on a rock shaft 30. The pin 28 is mounted in a slot 31 in the crank arm so that its position may be adjusted with relation to the shaft.

The shaft 3()A is mourted in a journal in a bracket 32 secured to the end frame 10 and beyond the journal the shaft carries a bevel gear 33 meshing with a similar gear 34 free tol oscillate on a vertical pin 35. Securedto the hub of the gear 34 inv any convenient manner is a. crank arm l36. The pin 35projects through an opening` in the arm andthe arm is held in place by aenut 3,7onthe upper end of the pin. -Mountedin 'the free end'of the arm 36 by a nut 38 is a pin 39 provided at its f upper end with a roller 40, which runs ina fio l the end frame mounting may be provided for the vshafts 43 l28 on the crank arm engaging r-in slot in a link 41 attached to the under surface of a slide y42'. The slide is movable in guidewavs 43 and on its lupper surface is provided f with a slotted link 44 extending parallel to the link 41. `Inthe slot in the link 44 yliesa roller` 45' on apin 46,fmounted ecoentricallyj inthe lower tace of angear 47-'fast'on a vertical stub shaft'43. The gear 47 meshes with an-V othervgear 49 onpa verticalshaft `50k and gear 49 meshes with a third gear 51 on a shaft 52, this latter shaft preferably being the shaft on the loomby which the'jacquard v'mec-ha; nism, with which such looms are ycommonly provided, is driven. 'A The guideways 43 for aremounted in a braclnat'?, on member 10` and any convenient the' slidelrie and 50. e s 1 'Witli this arrangement, the rotation ofthe `shaft vwhile'the loom is inoperation causes ythrough the gear 33 to the rock-shaft 30, lThe'pin` causing the crank arm 29 to swing.

the slotted extension from the member l26 causes slide 22 to be reciprocated lengthwise of. the batteri and through the mechanism provided, the movement of the slide'22 causes the shuttles to be moved back and forth through their sheds. Y

` The movement ofthe shuttles in -aloom is ordinarilynot a continuous reciprocationbut' each .shuttle'comes to rest atthe end vof its throw in. each direction, the period. of rest being determined by quired for the new shed to form. When each shuttle starts to movein either direction, its

f initial movement should be slow so that the shed through which itis to pass will have. an opportunity to open completely and asesoon as the end ofthe shuttle has entered the shed, the shuttle can be moved should ydecrease gradually sol that velocity the end of vits the shuttle will come to rest at throw without jar.v Another period of 'rest then .follows until they new shedl has formedV ywhereupon the shuttley is moved back through this new shed with an increasing velocityto a comes'to restgently.-`

This movement is transmit-v Vity the length of time re-A rapidly until itsv maximum velocityis reached substantially,k at the middle of its throw, fatter which itsA maximum and a' decreasing velocity so vthatit In lorder to, obtain ash ttlemovement such that the .shed foreach lshuttle will have an opportunity toY forml 'at the ends of the shuttle throw, thefrockshaitlieshorizontal at rightl y an thatfthe crankswings, a ,vertical plane par-allelto the directionfof shuttle movement. The VVgearing by which this rock-shaft is driven is'selected so that this arm has an'` oscillation of substantially 180, moving'from ya lhorizontal-position inwhichthe pin lies at Vone side-,of the rOCkshat downwardly and thenupwardly toa horizontalposition in which'th'e. liesat the other side of lthe rocloshaft. f

, f `With this'arrangement, it will be seenl that Y `i V` wheiithe shuttles are `atfone endof their throwthe cra-nk armis horizontal, as `it beginsto'move downwardly therefrom the gles tofthefplaneotshuttle;movementso,A

pinwilltravel a1substantial number of degreesoffarcbefore anysubstantial movement is imparted tothe shuttles. wFoneXample,

horizontal the Qpinmayv travel romfthe to f through. an arc-015300, during 'which time the shuttles `vare moved in their',guid'ewaysior a short ldistance ,oi the order of onegvquarterof anfinjch'; Afterthe "first BO?y of its arc has beenl Y' traversed, `further/movement 'of the crank arm begins to impart'substantial movef the vertical' rposition' with wthe ypin.` at rthe lowermost point of itsl path, the shuttlefvelocf is at a maximum.'` Atfthisfpoint,I the shuttles arej in the middle of theirysheds.

`ment `to thev shuttles `and asv-the larm reaches From that pointon, while'the arm moves with a uniform angular movement,.the motion imparted'by it-to the shuttlesvdecr'eases in velocity until `at some point, for examplel 300', from therendof its arcuate path, the.V

los i arm begins` to impart little motion 4to the y shuttles, and this motion decreases in velocity until the arm `reaches the end of its arc and beginsto move downwardly again. 1 f

the crank .continuously oscillates, but near each endof their throw, the shuttles areisubstantiallyfat'restwhilethe larm is moving 1 through an upward arcv and a downward arc,

which maybe the'equivalent of these portions otits path, the shuttles arenotjactually stationary but the amplitude of movementis soy slight that the sheds have Vanopportunity to form without interference and for all'practiy1.10 `Accordinglywiththisdriving mechanism, f

rcal intents and purposes theshuttles may be considered at rest. Y v fdesiredthe periods in theoperation of the looms during which the shuttles are. Vpractically* at rest maybe increased by using gearing for driving the rock shaft which causes the crank arm to have a movement through an arc of more than 1809. By such gearing thek crank armI may travel, say 30 upwardly beyond the horizontal at each end of its path of travel. If the crank arm has such a movement, it will be seen that when the arm reaches a point, for example below the horizontal in its upward movement, the shuttles come practically to rest. Actually they continue their movement toward the ends of their throw until the arm reaches the horizontal but this movement is so slight as to be of no importance. When the arm passes the horizontal and moves upwardly beyond it, the shuttles have a. slight return movement which continues until the arm reaches the end of its path of travel. Then as the arm starts downwardly, the movement of the shuttles is reversed and they approach the ends of their throw again until the arm reaches the horizontal. As soon as the arm moves below the horizontal, the shuttles commence their return throw.

Under ordinary circumstances with the crank arm moving through 180o from horizontal to horizontal, each shuttle has a simple harmonic motion. It is not actually stationary at any time throughout the operation of the loom except at the instants when it changes direction at the end of its throw but near the ends of its path of travel, the shuttle moves very slowly and may be considered to be at rest since such movement does not interfere with the formation of the shed. When gearing is employed which gives the crank a greater movement than 1800, each shuttle has a simple harmonic motion with a short reciprocatory movement at each end of its throw. This additional reciproca-tory movement increases the period when the shuttle is practically though not actually at rest.

The throw of the shuttles required for the production of fabrics of different widths may be accomplished by varying the position of the pin 28 in its slot in the arm 29, since the farther this pin is from the rock shaft 3() the greater will be the shuttle throw. In a loom for making very wide fabrics, it may be necessary to employ'a crank arm 29 of greater length but the choice of a crank arm and the adjustment of the pin with relation to its center of oscillation will be readily apparent. This pin is of substantial length so that as the batten is oscillated toward and away from the main body of the loom in the ordinary manner, the pin will be continuously engaged in the slot in the member 26, so that the shuttles will be driven at all times regardless of the batten movement.

Instead of driving the slide 42 by a revolving eccentric pin, the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 5 may be employed. In this arrangement, the gear 5l on the jacquard shaft 52 drives a| gear 54 on a pin 55 in bracket 56 attached to the end frame member of the loom. On the gear 54 is an eccentric pin 57 to which is connected a pitman 5S connected at its other end to a pin 59 in a slide block 60 mounted in guideways 61 on a Vrepair and adjustment.

bracket plate 62 attached to the end frame of the loom. From the under surface of the block 60 projects a pin `63 through a slot in the plate 62 and attacned to the end of the pin 63 is a link Sil connected to a pin 65. The upper end of this pin projects through an angular-ly disposed slot in 66 in the plate 62, and the lower end of the pin enters the slot in the link le attached to the slide 42. On the lower face of this slid-e is the slotted link ll in which enters the pin 39 on the arm 3G. The arm 36 drives the rock shaft 30 through suitable gcarin and this rock shaft is provided with the crank arm 29 and the pin 28, as before. The various pins which enter slots may be provided with rollers and these rollers may be lubricated by oil cups 67 in the usual way.

With this arrangement the rotation of the gear 54 causes the pit-man 58 to reciprocate the block 60 in its guideways. This causes the pin 65 to be moved by link Gli and as this pin lies in the sloty 66 disposed at an angle to the path of reciprocation of the block 60, the pin causes the link 44- and the lslide 42 to be reciprocated right angles to the path of travel of the block 60. The movement of the slide is then transmitted to the crank arm 29 by mechanism previously described and the movement of this arm causes the movement of the shuttles.

In certain drive mechanism for these looms which has been designed to eliminate cranks connected to shuttle driving bars, these cranks being driven by complicated elliptic and eccentric gearing, cams have been employed to impart the desired movement to members connected to the driving bars. Mechanism of this type utilizing cams is generally superior to the elliptic and eccentric driving means heretofore used but such cams are ditlicult and expensive to construct, must be formed with the greatest accuracy and in the course of time they wear so that the mechanism becomes noisy and operates with excessive vibration. In the present mechanism it will be observed that no such cams are employed but the shuttles are given a simple harmonic motion by an oscillating member which is driven by simple means, although in some instances in order to increase the period during which the shuttles are substantially at rest, a movement may be imparted to them somewhat different from a simple harmonic motion as above explained.

The new mechanism is of simple construction, has few moving parts and all of these parts are readily accessible for lubrication, The mechanism is therefore inexpensive to construct, may be installed on a loom without difiiculty and with in a short period of time, and it occupies little space. All of the mechanism is mounted on the end frame of the loom above the floor so that it actually occupies no floor space, and

i the floor' may thusbe kkept clean around the Y' Y tratedY is suitable whereby the shuttle has motion of 1800 amplitude plus an additional p ithevproduction of wide end of theloom. ,c Y

TheV drive mechanism in the form illusor use inr looms weaving ribbon of medium and Vnarrow widths'. f For accomplished by `lengthening they crank arm which carries the pin actuating the shuttle drive rod, or by using any suitable multiply.

ing-'connection between the crank arm an shuttles.y i

vWhat I'claim:V 1. Ina loom, the combination of a shuttle and means for imparting movement to the shuttle including a member oscillating throughl an arc of 180o arc at each end of`r its path of oscillation, a simple harmonic movement of small amplitude and low velocn ity.

a shuttle movable on the batten, and

plane through an arc of 180O plus an additional arc at each end of said irst arc whereby to give the tion of180o movement of small amplitude and ylow velocity. v

3.` In a loom, ten, a shuttle movable on the batteri, a member mountedindependently of the batten and movable about a center through an arc of substantially 180C. plus asmall additional arc at each end of the first are, means for driving said member, and a'connection bctween the member and the shuttle, the movement of y,sa-id member imparting to said shutribbons,` the shuttlesinustbe given a greater throw. This can be 180 amplitude to the shuttle a simple harmonic mo# 'n p amplitude plus an additional v the combination of Va bat-V tude plus additional movements of small ramplitude and low velocity :occurring at each end oli-saidl motion. 1

6. In a loom, thev combinatio'nof a shuttle,

apairof slides, means forreciprocatingonev 70 the other slide' and imparting reciprocating Y of the slides, means connecting said slide to motion thereto at an anglektoythe path of travel of the first slideand means connecting said secondrslide and the shuttle toy im# part simple harmonic motion ofk at klea/st latter. f

In testimony whereof I aIiX my si nature.

. HERMAN BAA plus a small additional 2. In a loom, the combination of a batten means for moving the shuttle back and forth, f including a member oscillating in a verticalV l 10ol Y i 105VA` tle a simpleharmonic motion of 180 amf plitude plus an additional motion of small f amplitude and low velocity.

- thereby, means for smalla-dditional arc at each end of the main arc, and a connection between the arm and v the shuttle, said arm imparting to the shuttlersimple'harmonic motion'of 180O amplitude plusk an additional motion of small amplitude and low velocity.

iio Y 5. In a loom, thefcombination ofa rshut- L tle, a slide, means for reciprocating the slide, a rock-shaft oscillated by the slide,

Y more lthan 180o about a center from the rockshaft, and a connectionbetween the'member and the shuttle, whereby the shuttle is given* a lsimpleMharmonicgmotionof O ampli- *Y amember receiving angular movement` of slightly:

f y1:10 Y

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