US1819027A

US1819027A - Piece dyed silk and process

Info

Publication number: US1819027A
Application number: US64526A
Authority: US
Inventors: Leslie N Hood; Walter M Scott
Original assignee: CHENEY BROTHERS
Current assignee: CHENEY BROTHERS
Priority date: 1925-10-24
Filing date: 1925-10-24
Publication date: 1931-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 1948-08-18

Description

1931- L. N. HOOD ETAL I 1,819,027

PIECE DYED SILK AND PROCESS Filed Oct. 24, 1925 INVENTORS I 2 J m ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 18, 1931 PATENT OFFICE PIECE DYED SILK AND PROCESS Application filed October 24, 1925. Serial No. 64,526.

This invention relates to a process of dyeing silk in the piece and to the product obtained thereby. It relates more particularly to the process by which silk oods in the piece, or goods containing sili and other fibres, ma be dyed in such a manner that they will e fast to washing in soapy water, even at high temperatures, and will also be fast to perspiration, ironing, salt water and other agencies which usually cause silk to fade. The process also produces silk goods or goods containing silk that are reasonably fast to light. The process is especially applicable to vat dyes and enables silk goods in pieceto be dyed with these dyes of various colors in such a manner than evenness or uniformity of color is obtained, and the goods are free from splotches or irregularities.

The invention will be understood from the description of a specific process by which the same is carried out, but is not restricted to the particular procedure outlined below. In practicing the invention, we have found that the same can be successfully carried out in the following manner: The vat dyestuffs are first reduced and dissolved in the usual manner, preferably in a small volume of water, with small amounts of caustic soda and hydrosul hite present. The dyeing may be carried out in a jig made of appropriate material, such as Monel metal, for example, and the process has been successfully used in dyeing pieces of silk varying in length from about to 400 yards. The amount of materials in the. dye bath varies with the amount of the dyestuif that is required to produce the desired shade.

In making up the dye bath, substantlally the following proportions of materials may .be used:

1 to 4 quarts of 30 B. solution of caustic soda, or other suitable alkali,

1 to 3 pounds of sodium hydrosulphite, 4 1 to 3 quarts of water soluble vegetable oil, for example, sulphonated castor oil of 75 per cent. strength, and approximately 90 gallons of water.

In order to wet out the silk and neutralize any possible acidity of the same before dyeing 1t, it may be passed a suificient number of times through a cold alkaline bath, such as a bath containing water and caustic soda 1n the proportions of about 90 gallons of 'water to 1 pint of 30 B. caustic soda soluion.

The dye bath is prepared by introducing all of the required amount of caustic soda and oil and two-thirds of the hydrosulphite and reduced color into the water in the jig, and the silk is passed through the bath one time. The remainder of the hydrosulphite and reduced color is then added and the silk is again passed through the bath while it is still cold. With certain dyestufi's which do not have such a marked tendency to become rapidly absorbed by the goods to be dyed, it is permissible to introduce the whole amount of the dyestuif and the hydrosulphite into the bath at the beginning of the dyeing operation, instead of introducing them in batches, as above mentioned. When found desirable, salts, such as Glaubers salt or sodium chloride, for example, may be added to force the dyestufl" on to the silk.

After the silk has been given the cold bath treatment, the temperature of the dye bath may then be raised to 110 F. with certain vat colors whose characteristics adapt them to this treatment, while with others, the bath is kept cold all through the dyeing. The silk is 'passed through the bath a suflioient number of times to bring it to the desired shade. Small amounts of reduced and dissolved color may be added to the dye bath for this purpose, if necessary. After the completion of the dyeing, the silk is passed severa1 times through cold water, using fresh and then it is passed several water each time,

water bath that is overflowtimes through a necessary.

ing, with fresh .water being constantly introduced.

The silk is next acidified in a suitable acid bath, for example, a bath in which about one quart of 66 B. sulfuric acid is mixed with 90 gallons of water. This acidification may be accomplished in the jig in which the dyeing took place, and the silk is passed through the bath the requisite number of times, say, twice, while it is cold. The silk is then washed With water in the same manner as described above. In order to complete the oxidation of the dyestuff on the silk, it may be transferred to an overhead reel bark of the ordinary type, which may have a capacity of three or four times that of the jig. An agent for promoting oxidation of the dyestuif is added. When soap, for example, is used for this purpose, the silk is soaped in the reel bark for about thirty minutes, using from about 6 to 12 pounds of soap, such as pure olive oil or Turkey red oil soap containing approximately 25 per cent. ofwater, in about 17 5 gallons of water, at a temperature of about 200 to 212 F. The silk is finally washed thoroughly with water and in order to produce the proper feel or finish, it is acidulated. The acid bath may, for example, contain approximately 8 pounds of 28 per cent. acetic acid in 17 5 gallons of cold water. If a volatile acid is used for this last acidification, a subsequent wash with water is not absolutely However, if a non-volatile acid, such as sulfuric acid, is used, the subsequent wash is necessary.

In the accompanying drawings are shown illustrations of apparatus that may be utilized in carrying out the invention, in which Fig. 1 indicates a side view of a jig; Fig. 2 is an end view of the same; Fig. 3 is a side view of an overhead reel bark and Fig. 4 is an end view of the same. In the drawings, reference character 1 indicates the vat of a jig that is provided with

end rolls

2 and 3, and one or more idler rolls 4. The

rolls

2 and 3 are mounted near the upper edge of the vat, and are provided with convenient driving mechanism by which the same may be driven at the proper speed, and can also be reversed so that the silk is wound upon one while it is unwound from the other one, and Vice versa, and at the same time it is passed beneath the idler roll 4 so as to be immersed in the liquid in the va An important feature of this invention has been found to be that the rolls should be very accurately formed and mounted, so that as the silk is Wound upon the same, it will be free from wrinkles and will also be Wound up evenly. In order to do this, the jig is specially constructed to give perfect alignment of the rollers. In this way, the material is'permitted to roll up evenly after each dip in the dye bath, so that no edges are left unduly exposed to the oxidation of the air, thereby causing unevenness of color. It has also been found important to provide each roll with a length of goods, such as cotton, to which the ends of the silk are attached, with provision for the cotton to wrap around the silk roll when the end of the silk is reached. The Vat may be provided with an outlet 5 for emptyin the same when desired.

igs. 3 and 4 illustrate a convenient overhead reel bark in which the soaping may take place, as above described. The soap and water are introduced into the vat 6 and the silk is placed in the same and immersed in the liquid. One end thereof is passed over the reel 7, which is mounted above the surface of the liquid and is driven from any convenient source. The reel 7 is preferably covered with cloth-or other material, to which the wet silk will adhere sufliciently to enable the same to be drawn across and fall into the liquid on the other side of the reel. This operation may be reversed at pleasure, by reversing the direction of travel of the reel and permitting the silk to pass over the same in the other direction. During this soaping operation, the silk is exposed to the atmosphere and the oxidation of the dyest-ufi is caused to take place in such a manner that complete oxidation is obtaine c It has been found that substantially all of the vat dyes may be used in this process such, for example, as anthra red RT Schultz No. 830, indanthrene blue GCD Schultz No. 842, and many others.

By dyeing silk piece goods, or piece goods containing silk in appreciable quantities, by the above process, we produce piece dyed silk goods which have evenness of color and are fast to washing in soapy water, even at temperatures up to boiling or 212 F., and are fast to ironing, perspiration, salt water, etc. It is also found that this dyed silk does not bleed or give up color to soapy water at any temperature up to the boiling point of the water. It is also unnecessary to use any mordant in connection with the dyeing operation.

We claim:

1. The process of dyeing silk goods in the piece, which comprises reducing and dissolving a vat dye, introducing the same and soluble vegetable oil, caustic soda, hydrosulphite and water into a vat and passing the silk therethrough, washing the silk in water, acidfifying the same and oxidizing the dyestu 2. The process of dyeing silk goods in the piece, which comprises reducing and dissolving a vat dye in alkaline water containing a suitable reducing agent, introducing the same and soluble vegetable oil, caustic soda, hydrosulphite and water into a vat and passing the silk therethrough, washing the silk in water, acidifying the same and oxidizing the dyestuif.

A and passing the silk 3. The process of dyeing silk piece, which comprises reducing and dissolving a vat dye in alkaline water containing a suitable reducing agent, introducing the same and soluble ble oil, caustic soda, hydrolnte and water into a vat and passing the goods in the ing a suitable reducing agent, introducing in water, acidifying the same, oxidizing the dyestufl and acidifying the silk.

6 The process of dyeing silk goods in the piece, which comprises reducing and dissolving a vat dye in alkaline water containing a suitable reducing agent, introducing in water, acidifying the same, oxidizing the dyestufl" and acidifying the silk with an organic acid.

7. The process ofdyeing silk goods in the piece, which comprises reducing and dissolving a vat dye in alkaline water containing a suitable reducing agent, introducing atmosphere substantially equal lengths of time,-washing the'silkl in water, acidifying the same and oxidizing the dyestufl.

8. The process of dyeing silk goods in the piece, which comprises reducing and dissolving a vat dye in alkaline water containing a suitable reducing agent, introducing the tion,

pounds of hydrosulphite and 90 gallons of water into a vat and passing the silk therethrough, washing the silk in water,-

acidifying the same and oxidizing the dyestuff.

9.'The process of dyeing silk goods in the piece, which comprises reducing and dissolving a vat d e in alkaline water containing a suitable re two-thirds ucing agent, introducing about of the same and about 1 to 3 quarts of soluble vegetable oil, 1 to 4 quarts of caustic soda solution, 1 to 2 pounds of hydrosulphite and 90 gallons of water into a vat and passing the silk therethrough, adding the remainder of the dissolved color, Glaubers salt, and about one pound of hydrosulphite to the bath, again passing the silk therethrough, wash acidifying the same stuff.

LESLIE N. HOOD. WALTER M. SCOTT.