US1815305A - Adhesion preventing substance and method of using the same - Google Patents

Description

July 21, 1931. T. LAW 1,815,305

ADHESION PREVENTING SUBSTANCE AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME Filed Sept. 24, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l w [I away;

INVENTOR. Theodore- Law,

BY 3 K 5" A TTORNE 5 JuHyZl, 1931. T.L.LAw 1,815,305'

ADHESION PREVENTING SUBSTANCE AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME Filed Sept. 24. 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I N VEN TOR.

1 TTORNEY Patented July 21 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE THEODORE L. LAW, OF LORAIN, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO MONTFORD BLAKE .AN'D ONE-HALF TO ROBERT L. BECK, BOTH OF CLEVELAND, OHIO ADHESION PREVENTING SUBSTANCE AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME Application 'filecl September 24, 1930. Serial No. 484,132.

in excess of material to fully fill all the spaces and to form-a thick coating over the paving to insure the proper filling of the openings between the paving units to be followed by the salvaging of the excess material by strippin the same from the surface, leaving the. 'sur ace perfectly clean and with-the maxi mum effectiveness for proper traction.

Heretofore street pavements, particularly brick pavements, have at times been treated to an excess of binder material'such as tar or asphalt, and this not only mars the appearance of such pavements while new, but pre vents the rough brick surfaces coming into proper tractive relation to the vehicle wheels, 25, thus reducing this safety feature of brick pavements until trafiic has worn off such excess material. The same is true of concrete 'or like pavements provided with tar or asphalt expansion joints between sections or 80' along a central or marginal line, or as repairs in irregular cracked surf-aces.

The present invention has in View for its principal object, the provision of a means and method of havin newly paved surfaces 85 present as clean and e ective travel roadways as those which have been'worn free of excess binder material. Another object is to permitthe free use of excess binder material during the period'ofconstruction, so that satisfactory filling and binding action will be insured, and thereafter salvaging-such excess material. Other and further objects will appear in the course of the following description.

. 6 T0 the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, sa1d 1nvent1on, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the annexed drawings and the following description setting forth in detail one approved method of carrying out the invention, such disclosed method, however, constituting but one of the various ways in which the principle of the invention maybe used.

In said annexed drawings:

Fig. 1 is atransverse broken sectional view of a brick roadway with binder material shown in place in' the end portions and not p yet applied to the center. portion; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a part of a brick pavement showing a section of excess binder material in process of removal; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a short section of concrete roadway with transverse and longitudinal asphalt expansion joints showing the excessbinder material in course of removal;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a part of a con,-'

crete roadway with a cracked surface treated with excess binder material, showing such excess in course of removal; Fig. 5 is a perspective new of a part of a brick street pavement showing the application thereto of an adhea binder material over a pavement treated with an adhesion-preventing substance.

In Fig. 1 is shown a cross section of brick pavement 1 asusually laid on a roadway, and comprising a cushion of granular slag, or gravel, or the like, 2, over which is laid an open mesh reinforcing 3, above which is laid a bed of reinforced concrete 4, upon which is spread a sand cushion 5, upon which the brick units 6 are laid in spaced relation. The roadway is provided at its side edges with curbing preferably. granite slabs 7 supported on a base of crushed stone,"slag or gravel 8, beneath which is a French drain 9.

Y It will be noted that the bricks are ordinarily spaced a distance sufficient to admit a binder element between the same. As stated, ordinarily the application of the binder is made in excess in order to insure filling of all the cracks, but as shown at the ends of Fig. 1, when the roadway is finished, all that is necessary or desired is that the cracks be filled even to thesurface, or even slightly below the surface, so that. in excessively hot weather. expansion of the binder will not cause the upper portion thereof to overflow the space intermediate the individual units. The surface itself should be free of binder, as excess binder on the surface tends to produce vibration in a vehicle passing over the same, and if in great excess, the roadway may become slippery in wet weather. Excess binder also greatly detractsfrom the appearance stain or coating. It also'should be of.uni-

form characteristics during shipment and use and should be effective to prevent adhesion of the binder, even though the removal of the excess of the latter should be somewhat delayed.

It has been found that by using a mixture of. wheat flour and water with the addition .of water colors, that very satisfactory results can be obtained. The mixture is made by using one and one-half pounds of wheat flour to each gallon of water with the addition to every ten gallons of the solution thus formed, of one and one-half ints of water colors, which'are composed of a pigment ground in water with gum or glycerine as a binder.

The water colors used should preferably be brick color because of the improved appearance of the work during construction, as well as afterward, althoughthe particular color used does not in any way change the efiectiveness of the material. The mlxture is a liquid and not a paste. mediately before the filler is applied and is not allowed to become dry on the surface of the paving units.

The exact action of the solution is not understood but many tests have been made showing the efiectiveness of the solution to permit the easy stripping of the excess binder leaving the brick surface absolutely clean.

After laying the brick paving units, as shown in Fig. 1, the adhesion preventing It is applied im-' substance, preferably that just described, is applied as a light coating 11 over the brick surface 12, by means of abrush 13, as is shown in Fig. 5. This coats only the top surface of the paving units and does not extend appreciably into the spaces between such units and'thus prevent a proper bond between the units and the filler material. Anexcess amount of binding material 14 is then applied over the coated surface of the brick, as is shown in Fig. 6. The binding material is applied while hot andis applied in such quantity as to form a relatively heavy sheet over the entire surface of the pave- .ment. A cold type ofbinder may be used.

After the binder has penetrated the openings between the paving units and has become somewhat stifi', the excess amount,

which, as stated, is in the form of a relatively heavy sheet 15 as is shown in Fig. 2, is stripped from the surface preferably with a scraper 16, after deeply marking a line 17 for a suitable width of salvage strip 18.

NVhemthus stripped, the brick units 19 will Show flush or substantially flush portions of' .bindlng material between the same.

It is not detrimental or in any way destructive of the security of the bond between the paving units if a small portion of the adhesion preventing substance goes down between the paving units asmall distance, as this would assist in stripping from the binding material within the cracks between the units along with the sheet of a fractional portion of such material leaving the binder slightly below the level of the paving'during ordinary temperatures, which would compensate for expansion of such material during excessively hot weather.

The treatment of concrete pavements is substantially the same when asphalt, or like material, is used for transverse and longitudinal expansion joints 21, 22, as is shown in Fig. 3. In such case, the adhesion preventing substance is applied as a strip of liquid coating 23 at each side of the'opening, and the binder material 24 is then applied in excess amount so as to form a ridge over the opening which isthen removed above the surface level by means of a scraper 25, or other suitable implement.

Where irregular cracks 26 are to be re-.

paired in concrete, or like composition, as is shown in Fig. 4, the surface adjacent said crack is coated with strips27 of adhesive preventing substance and binder 28 in excess amount is then applied and later removed above the surface level by means of a scraper 29. I I I While brick and concrete have been referred to as the particular paving material to which the invention is to be applied, it is to be understood that-equally good results maybe obtained with other forms of paving substance must not be of such character as to be detrimental to the subsequent use of the salvaged bituminous material used as a binder.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as reclo'sed, provided the step or steps stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated step or steps be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:

1. A method of paving which comprises the steps of laying the paving units in spaced relation, applying an adhesion preventing sion preventing liquid has become dry so as to fill the spaces intermediate said units and to form overthe upper surface of said units a sheet of bituminous material of substantial thickness, stripping such excess material after the same has become somewhat cool and stiff, and thereafter re-heating suchexcess bituminous material and using the same to coat further areas of such paving units treated with adhesion preventing substance. gards the product and method herein dis- Signed by me this 7th day of August, 1930.

- THEODORE L. LAW.

substance to the surface thereof, applying the binder material in large excess so as to .form a surface sheet over the paving, and stripping the surface sheet at the top'surface of the paving units, leaving the binder in the space between the units flush with the surface.

2. A method of paving which comprises the steps of laying the paving units in'spaced relation, applying an adhesion preventing substance in liquid form over small areas of the upper surface of'said units, applying a bituminous binder material in large excess over the coated surface of said units before the adhesion preventing liquid has become dry so as to fill the spaces intermediate said units and to form over'the upper surface of said units a sheet of bituminous material of substantial thickness, and stripping such excess' material after the same has become somewhatstifi and set.

3. A.method of paving which comprises the steps of laying the paving units in spaced relation, applying an adhesion preventing substance in liquid form over small areas of the upper surface of said units, applying a bituminous binder material in large excess over the coated surface of said units before the adhesion preventing liquid has become dry so as to fill the spaces intermediate said units and to form over the upper surface of said units a sheet of bituminous material of substantial thickness forming parallel lines of separation for a suitable width of salvage strip across said sheet of excess material, and stripping such excess material in successive widths after the same hasbecome somewhat.

stiff and set.

4. A method' of paving which. comprises the steps of laying the paving units in spaced relation, applying an adhesion preventing substance of a character not detrimental to the salvaging of bituminous material in liquid form over small areas of the upper surface of said units, applying hot bituminous binder material in large excess over the coated surface of said units before the adhe-

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