US1813145A

US1813145A - Vehicle door

Info

Publication number: US1813145A
Application number: US405755A
Authority: US
Inventors: Cavicchioli Gioacchino; Ceschi Eugenio
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1929-05-01
Filing date: 1929-11-08
Publication date: 1931-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 1948-07-07

Description

'VEHICLE DOOR July 1, 1931,.

Filed Nov. 8, 1929 2 sheets-sheet 1 Fig. 1

41 ,31 33 "s2 ze Patented July 7, 1931 *UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcEf GIOACCHINO CLAYICCHIOLIAND EUGENIO GESCHI, AOF TURIN,- ITLALY" VEHICLE :Doon

Appiiation med Notember 8, 1929,`s' er'ia1 No. 405,755, and in Italy May 1, 1929. n

rvThis invention has `for its object av door for bodies of vehicles;V which may be opened by turning it right or left at will.v

Such an arrangement provides each side of the body Yof a vehicle with a single door which affords access both to front and to rear seats. It isy thus possible kto .simplify the construction ofthe vehicle body and moreover to ensure convenient access tothe whole interior while at the same time improving the appearance of the vehicle.

' One embodiment of the invention is illus# trated by way of example in the accompanyingdrawings in which Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevation of a doorV and' adjacent body structure, 'looking toward the inner face of the door; y f

Fig. 2 is a plan View thereof; H

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of door locks and of their connecting means, the

same being on anenlarged scale;

Fig. 4 shows a pair of the upper door locks with the parts shifted;

Fig. 5 shows a socket hinge in open position and thedoor latched thereto;

l Fig. e Shows the socket hinge with the,

door unlatched therefrom; and j Fig. 7 is an elevation of the hinge in open position with the adjacent portion of the veao hicle body in edge view. A door in accordance with this invention is provided both on its front edge and 'rear edge vwith locks, the bolts of whichengage in recesses in a hinged element pivoted on the vehicle body and these locks are provid' ed `with inter-locking means actuated by the one of the locks which is operated to open the door, said means'holding in their recesses the bolts'of locks which are located on the edge of the door about which it is intended to turn. In this mannerit is possible to turn' the door about either edge since it remains rigidly connected to the hinge element which is located at this edge and which supports the door while permitting its rotation. f j f As shown in the drawings ythe door 1 which maybe of any approved; construction comprises on one of its edges a top lock 2 vanda bottom lock '3 having bolts4,' 5 respectively. The bolt 4 of the upper lock 2 is actuated by the square spindle 6 of handle 41 and by arm 7 (Figs. 1, 2, 3 and4). The bolt 5 of thel lower lock 3 located on the same door .edge as the upper lock 2 is actuated frombolt 4 by a bell' crank lever 8 pivoted at 9 in the said upper lock, and rod 10 and bell crank lever 11 pivoted at 12in Vthe lower lock body 3. Each bolt 4 4 and 5-h-5 is provided with a spring 19 or 19j, respectively, acting to close it.

OnV its opposite ledge the door 1 has an upperlock 2 and a lower lock 3 (Figs. 1 and V3)'. The bolt 4 of the lock 2 is actuated by the arm 7, v`'solid with arm 8 actuating rod 10, arm 11 and bolt 5 of the lower lock 3.

Intermediate the two upper locks 2 andV 2 is provided a rod 13 which extends into the Vcasings of said locks and has

head end portions

14 and 14 movably mounted in said locks by means of

pins

15 and 15 and

slots

16 and 16. y located opposite the inner end of the

bolt

4 or 4 of cooperating locks 2 .and 2.

Thev length of therod'13 and

itsheads

14 and 14 is such that when one of the

heads

14 or 14 is in contact with the adjacent face of registering. `

bolt

4 or 4 whilethe latvter is in socket engaging position, the other head 14 or v14 of rod. l13 is a sufficient' distance fromthe registering

bolt

4 or 4 of its

adjacent lock

2 or 2 tol permit the re Each

head

14 or 14 is traction 4of that bolt and the openingof the U door.V` In other words, when one of the bolts is retracted into door opening position it pushes back the rod l13 and brings vits opposite

head

14 and 14 into a position which holds in closing or socket engaging position the bolt'of the lock adjacent the last named head.

In each

lock

2 or 2 is mounted

ya bar

17 or 17 pressed back by

spring

18 or 18 and this bar Vacts onapbell crank lever y20 or 20 pivoted at 21 or 21 andk having a

nose

22 or 22 intended to engage the adjacent head 14y or 14 of the rod 13 in the position` inl which said rod audits .opposite head pre- Lock 2 has a safety catch formed by a cross member 23 pivoted in the lock casing and actuated by spindle 24 of a finger piece 25. This cross member 23 is located between the bolt 4 and the head 14 of the rod 13, these parts being provided with notches to receive the spindle 24; the said cross member may be moved into the transverse position shown in Fig. 3 in which it permits the lock to operate, while when it is moved through o one of its ends acts directly on the bolt 4 of the lock 2 and the other end acts, through the head 14, the rod 13 and the other head 14, on the bolt 4 of the lock 2l As shown inFig. 7 the hinge elements supporting the door are each formed of a vertical flat plate 26 provided with two arms 27 pivoted at 28 in the stationary elements 29 fixed to the uprights 40 of the body structure. The movable element 26 of the hinge has sockets 30 in which the bolts and 5 or4 and 5 of the upper and of the lower lock engage, and lugs 31 provided with seats 32 in which kcentering cones 33 carried by the

locks

2, 5 and '6) engage.

At the upper end, the hinge element 26 is formed with a square hook 34 in which engages av corresponding lug 35 fixed to the edge of the door and intended to hold the door in place.

In the Ythickness of the body structure, externally of the uprights 40 to which the stationary elements 29 of the hinge are connected, is arranged a socke 36 in which is located a coil spring 37, which presses at one end against the front wall of the socket 36 and at the other acts on a movable head 38 to which is secured one end of a flexible rope or cord 39, the other end of which is connected with the movable Yelement 26 of the hinge.

When the door 1 is closed as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the two hinge parts 26 located on the front and rear vertical edges of the door abut against the surface of the adjacent upright 40. The centering cones 33 of the several locks engage in the seats 32 in the parts 26 and the

bolts

4, 5 enter their sockets 30; moreover the lugs 35 on the door are engaged in the lugs 34 of the parts 26. The door is consequently held rigid on the uprights 40 both on its front and rear edges and when the safety lever 25 is in safety position the four

locks

2, 2, 3, 3 are held in closed position and the door cannot be opened.

Vhen door 1 is in this condition, bars 17 of the

locks

2, 2 are held within the casings of the corresponding locks by the opposite face of the corresponding part 26 and consequently noses 22 leave

heads

14 and 14 of the rod 13 free (Fig.

To open the door 1 for example by turning it about its rear edge in the direction of the arrow -f in Fig. 2, after having removed the safety stop 25 the handle 41 of the upper front lock 2 is turned. The rotation of the spindle 6 retracts the bolt 4 and consequently actuates the bell crank lever 8 and moves the rod 10 to retract the bolt 5 of the lower front lock 3.

At thesame time the bolt 4 of the upper front lock 2 on moving back acts on the opy posite head 14 of rod 13 to move this rod towards the opposite lock 2', so that the rear head 14 of said rod holds the bolt 4 of the upper rear lock 2 and consequently also the bolt 5 of the lower rear lock in locked position. The door, while thus released from the front hinge element 26,v remains connected to the rear hinge element 26, since 4the bolts 4, of the rear locks are in their sockets 30 and hold the door engaged in the hinge element 26 by means of the centering cones 33; the door may then turn with the hinge element 26 about its hinge pins 28 (Fig. 5). y

Immediately the door is opened in the direction of arrow j", the bar 17 of the front lock 2 is pressed outwards by spring 18 being no longer held by the opposite surface of the hinge part 26 which remains against the upright 40. Under these conditions the bell crank lever 20, 22 actuated by the said bar holds the head 14 of rod 13 in the position shown in Fig. 4 and consequently holds in closing position the two

locks

2 and 3 at the edge of the door about which it turns, this condition being secured during the whole of the time the door remains open.

The door turns as above stated about the hinge pin 28 of the rear hinge 'element 26 with respect to the stationary elements 29. In this movement the element 26 in turning about its hinge pins28 makes the flexible rope 29 and the spring 37 operative, this spring tending to return the door to closed position.

Vhen the door isclosed the bar 17 moves A back into the lock casing of lock 2 and re leases the rod 13 as also the bolts of the rear locks. Y y

, If it is desired to open the door at itsrear edge and thus to Vrotate it around its front edge (arrow r in Fig. 2), the rear lock 2Kis operated after the safety lever 25y of the front lock 2 has been released.

Then the operation is similar to that` described above, that' is to say the

bolts

4, 5 of the rear locks` are moved back under the action of the spindle 6, lever 7, arm 8 and rod 10 while the retraction of the bolt 4l of the lock 2 shifts the rod 13 which holds the bolt 4 of the front upper lock 2 and through it also that of the front lower lock 3 in closed position. l

When the door is open the bar 17 is displaced as above described inV lock 2 vand ber pivoted on said stationary member, a

holds the rod 13.in the position. inA which it holds the frontlocks Ain closed position.. f,

i ,lVlien the door, -tuiiis about onefedge the door in engagement with the movable hinge element, or may operate as ordinary bolts; it is possible to turn the door about one or the other of its lateral edges while the door remains automatically connected to the movable hinge element with which it turns due to the

automatic stops

17, 20, 22 which come into operation as soon as the door'is moved from its closing position. l

Of course the described arrangement is given only by way of example kand the present invention may be embodied in a plurality of constructions within the spiritiof appended claims.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by United States Letters Patents is:

l. A door structure for a vehicle body comprising posts in said body, hinges each 'comprising a stationary member fastenedon one of said posts and a movable member pivoted on said stationary member, a door, engaging means on each movable hinge member and cooperatin engaging -means on the registering edge of said door, each of said movable hinge members having a bolt socket, bolts located on opposite side edges of the door, each bolt adapted to engage one of the said bolt sockets, means for bolt actuation on eachy door edge, and means for locking a bolt on either door edge when a bolt of the other door edge is actuated for release..

2. A door structure for a vehicle body comprisingk posts in said body, hinges each comprising a stationary member fastened on one of said posts and a movable memdoor, engaging means on each movable hinge member and cooperating engaging means on the registering edge of said door, each of said movable hinge members having a bolt socket, bolts located on opposite side edges of the door, each bolt adapted to engage one of the said bolt sockets and lock said engaging means of the respective movable hinge member and door edge in interon each door edge, and means for lookin a bolt on either door edge when a bolt o the other door edge is actuated for release. 3. A door structure for a vehicle body comprising posts vin 'said body, hinges each comprising a stationary memberfastened .on one of said posts and a movable member pivoted on said stationary member, means -resiliently holding keach movable member Y against its cooperating stationaryr member,

a door,l engaging means on each movable hinge member and cooperating vengaging means on the registering edge of said door,

`each of said movable hinge members hav- .ing a boltsocket, bolts located on opposite side4 edges of the door each adapted to en.-

gage onegof. the said bolt sockets, means for bolt.v actuation on each door edge, and means for. locking a bolt on reither door edge-whenn va bolty at the other door edge is vactuated for release.

4. A doorystructure for `a vehicle body comprisingV posts in said body, hinges each comprising a stationary member fastened on one of saidl posts and a movable member pivoted on said stationary member, a door,

engaging means onl each movable hinge member and cooperatin engaging means on the registering edge o said door, each of said movable hingejlmembers having. bolt sockets, a plurality of bolts locatedon each opposite side edge of the door and each adaptedto engage one of the said bolt sock- Y ets, means interconnecting said bolts of each door,edge,means for actuatingone of said bolts on eachdoor edge, and meansv for locking at least one of said bolts Ofeither door edge when a bolt'at the other door edge is actuated forrelease.V i

5. A door structure for a vehicle body comprising stationary membersl in said body, movable'hinge members each pivoted on oneof said stationary members, a door, engaging 'means'on each'v movable hinge member yand cooperatin engaging means on theregistering edge of said door, each of said movable hinge members having a bolt socket, bolts located on opposite side, edges ofthe door each adapted to engage one of the said bolt sockets, means foil bolt actuation on each door edge, a locking member on eaclidoor edge for al bolt located on the opposite door edge,a spring moving said locking member'into bolt' locking position,

seV

and an extension on said locking member abutting on'the adjacent stationary memi ber to holdsaid locking member released e' each adapted to engage one of the said bolt locking mechanism engaged with the hinge sockets, means for joint actuation of the leaves When the door is closed.

bolt on each door edge, and means for locking a bolt on either door edge when a bolt at the other door edge is actuated forI release.

7. A door structure for a vehicle body comprising posts in said body, hinges each'comprising a stationary member fastened on one of said posts and a movable member pivoted on said stationary member, a door, each of said movable hinge members having a plurality of bolt sockets, bolts located on each opposite side edge of the door and each adapted to engage one of the said bolt sockets, engaging means on each movable hinge member, and

means on the registering edge of said door cooperating with said first-named engaging means on a line transverse to the line of engagement of said bolts and sockets, means for bolt actuation on each door edge, and means for locking the bolt on either door edge when a bolt at the other door edge is actuated for release. n

8. The combination with a door and door frame, of permanently pivoted double-leaf hinges at opposite side edges of the door frame; one leaf of each hinge being fixed to the door frame and the other leaf being free of the door; locking mechanism on the door edges for engaging the leaves of the hinges free of said door; and means for actuating the mechanism to simultaneously release the door from the hinge leaves at one edge of said door and locking said mechanism with the hinge leaves at the other edge of the door therewith.

9. The combination with a door and door frame, of permanently pivoted double-leaf hinges at opposite side edges of the door frame; one leaf ofeach hinge being fixed to the door frame and the other leaf being free of the door; locking mechanism on the door edges for engaging the leaves of the hinges free of said door; means for actuating the mechanism to simultaneously release the door from the hinge leaves at one edge of said door and locking said mechanism with the hinge leaves at the other edge of the door therewith; and means tensioning the leaves of the hinges.

10. The combination with a door and door frame, of permanently pivoted double-leaf hinges at opposite side edges of the door frame; one leaf of each hinge being fixed to the door frame and the other' leaf being free of the door; locking mechanism on the door edges for engaging the leaves of the hinges free of said door; means for actuating the mechanism to simultaneously release the door from the hinge leaves at one edge of said door and locking said mechanism with the hinge leaves at the other edge of the door therewith; means tensioning the leaves of the hinges; and means for sustaining the In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures.