US1812010A - Shell construction - Google Patents

Description

Juhe 30, 1931. L. M. MCBRIDE Q 1,312,010

SHELL CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 5, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 6 INVENTOR.

BY M 17m A TTORNEYS June 30', 1931. L. M. M BRIDE 1,312,010

SHELL CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 3. 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z6 /8 2Q /Z ,g H U "I 9 J4 33 9 A? fjmm I I /-7'y.'6

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1a ,0 BY WV W ATTORNEYS June 30, 1931. 1.. M. M BRIDE SHELL CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 5, 1930 INVENTOR.

- nromvzzvj June 30, 1931. M. M BRIDE SHELL CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 3, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS Patented June 30, 1 931 UNITED STATES LEWIS M. MCBRIDE, OF. FORT SILL, OKLAHOMA SHELL CONSTRUCTION Application filed December 3, 1930. Serial No. 499,686.

. (GRANTED UNDER THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1883, AS AMENDED APRIL 30, 1928 370 0. G. 757) This invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for government purposes, without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.

5' The invention relates to projectiles or shells containing various chemical agents and more particularly has reference to that type of projectiles employing a relatively light weight body and requiring a gas tight seal for the contents thereof. I

At the present, in the construction and assembly of projectiles, even those for comparatively light types of weapons, a considerable amount of machine work necessitating special equipment is required. In addition to this, it is impossible to construct shells and projectiles of this sort without the use of special tools and skilled labor in both the manufacture of the parts and the final assembly. It may hence be appreciated that because of the fineness and the accuracy of the work required, as well as the equipment needed to perform the same, the expense of shells so constructed is necessarily great.

The major object of this invention is the provision of a relatively inexpensive projectile or shell.

An equally important object oi the invention is the provision of a shell, substantially all of the members of which may be fabricated by punch press operations and assembled by means 0 straight press fits.

Another important object of my invention is the provision of a shell which requires the minimum preparation for firing.

, Another object of the invention is the construction of a shell or projectile of minimum size and weight by eliminating the usual extensions in constructions of this nature.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a projectile provided with a novel propellant and starter loading assembly.

Still another object of the invention is the association with a projectile assembled by press fit methods of a propellant loading assembly of such construction that the propellant powder increments may be readily varied so as to vary the basic range of the shell.

Yet another object of the invention is the association with a projectile, assembled by press fits, of a novel primer support.

A further object of the invention is the association with a projectile'asse'mbled by press fit methods of a novel cap adapted to support a booster.

Yet a further object of the invention is the provision of a shell having a novel means for-igniting the time fuse associated therewith. g

With these and other objects in view, which may be incident to my improvements, the invention consists in the parts and combinations to be hereinafter set forth and claimed, with the understanding that the several necessary elements comprising my invention may be varied in construction, proportions and arrangement without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

The invention comprehends the provision of a novel projectile of light weight and inexpensive construction. One manner of practically effecting the concept of this invention is to construct the shell of metal parts, substantially all of which are fabricated by punch press methods and assembled by means of straight press fits. The invention also contemplates the association with a shell of this nature of a novel propellant and starter loading assembly as well as a cap adapted to support a booster. In addition to this, the invention further comprehends the provision of a means for igniting a time fuse contained within the shell.

In order to make vmy invention more clear- 1y understood, I have shown in the accompanying drawings, means for carrying the same into practical efi'ect without limiting the improvements in their useful applications to. the particular constructions which, for the purpose of explanation, have been made the subject of illustration.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional view of a projectile body forming the subject matter of the invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view ofthe pressed metal cup adapted to be associated with the shell body of Figure 1 for holding the propellant charge.

Figure 3 is a sectional View of a pressed metal closing cap for the propellant cup or container of Figure 2.

Figure 4 discloses a vertical sectional elevation of a pressed metal ca designed to close the forward end of the s ell of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional elevation of a modified form of cap from that disclosed in Figure 4.

Figure 6 shows a longitudinal partially broken away sectional view of a completed shell assembly.

Figure 7 is a rear end View of the assembled projectile disclosedin Figure 6.

Figure 8 shows a vertical sectional elevation of a modified form of propellant cup from that disclosed in Figure 2.

Figure 9 is a vertical elevation of still another form of propellant cup.

Figure 10 discloses an end view of the propellant cup shown in Figure 8.

Figure 11 is a detailed sectional view of a special form of construction for support-- ing the primer associated with the projectile. 2

Figure 12 is a detailed section view similar to Figure 11 but with a time fuse and powder train associated with the projectile.

Figure 13 is a vertical elevation disclosing the propellant cup of Figure 2 provided with the primer mounting of Figure 11.

Figure 14 is a view similar to that of Fig- Ere 13 after the propellant charge has been red.

Figure 15 discloses a partial sectional view of a completely assembled and loaded projectile.

Figure 16 is a rear end view of the projectile disclosed in Figure 15.

Figure 17 shows a partial sectional view of a completely assembled and loaded projectile provided with a time fuse.

Figure 18 is a broken away sectional view of a propellant container designed to permit the use of increments of propellant powder an order to vary the basic range of the shell.

Figure 19 is a rear end View of the pro-- jectile shown in Figure 18.

Throughout the drawings, similar refer ence numerals refer to like parts in the different views. There is shown in Figure 1, a body or container 1 of a projectile forming the subject matter of my invention. The body 1 is cut to any desired length and is formed of suitablemetal tubing, preferably seamless steel.

For the purpose of containing the powder charge adapted to propel the shell and to perform other functions, to be hereinafter described, there is provided a pressed metal propellant charge containing cup 2, adapted to be inserted within the tubular body 1. As may be observed, the cup 2 is provided with an encircling flange 3 and is of a depth sufiicient to hold a powder charge needed to propel the projectile to the desired range.

Mentioned as one of the major objects of the invention was the designing of a pro-- jectile adapted to be assembled by means of press fits. In order to accomplish'this the outer diameter a of the propellant charge receiving cup 2, is made slightly greater than the inner diameter 6 of the shell body. The/difference in diameters or interference between the dimensions a and b are determined with a special reference to the demands required and to the design and material of the fitting parts. Propellant cup 2 is inserted into the tube 1, under sufficient pressure to cause the flange 3 to engage the end of the tube and to be firmly seated against the same.

A closure cap 4 adapted to close off the propellant container is disclosed in Figure 3. In addition to this function the cap is provided'with a drawn opening or hole 6 of suitabledimensions to support a standard primer. Besides the hole 6, the rear face of the closure cap is provided with a plurality of openings 5 so as to permit the escape of the powder gas from the propellant cup upon the firing of the projectile. The openings 5 are normally covered by a thin sheet of zinc, celluloid, or other suitable material, preferably of a metal that will be entirely burned, or volatilized by the ignition of the propellant powder.

A method similar to that for securing the propellant cup within the projectile body is employed for maintaining the closure cap 4 to the propellant cup 2. For this purpose, the outer diameter 0, of the closure cap is slightly greater than the internal diameter afl of the cup 2, so that when these members are placed together, a tight press fit joint is obtained.

There is disclosed in Figure 4 a pressed steel cap 7, adapted to close or seal the forward end of the projectile body. This cap as may be observed, is provided with a flange 8 which seats against the body of the projectile when the cap is attached thereto by means similar to those previously disclosed for securing the various members of the pro jectile together. Thus the outer diameter 6 of the cap 7 is slightly greater than the inner diameter of the shell. in order that a tight press fit joint may be obtained between these two members. It should be noted that the forward closure cap 7 is provided with a drawn tube 9 adapted to have a booster tube secured therein by means of a press fit, in a manner similar to that shown and described in application Serial No. 214,693, filed August 22, 1927.

In lieu of the forward closure cap dischemical irritants or toxics within the shell closed in Figure 3, a cap such. as that body.- shown in Figure'5 may beemployed if de- Should it be found necessary to separate sired.- As may be noted, the cap 10 is of, thestarting and'burning mixtures; the conan ogival form and is provided with a rolled struction of Figure 9 may be employed. In

bead 11, in place of" the flange 8 disclosed this instance the openings 19 have tubes in Figure 4.-' Cap 10 ,is also provided with a secured thereto which are adapted to extend drawn opening or tube 12 which is adapted within the container 1. Each tube is closed to receive a boostertube. By giving the cap at its end within the shell body and if of Figure 5v an outer diameter a, slightly formed of thin metal or other material easgreater than that of the inner diameter f of the shell body, a press fit may also be starting mixture which is contained therein. obt in d, i Y There is disclosed in Figure 11 a modified ily burned through or volatilized by the In Figure 6the shell members of Figures form of support for the primer 13 and also a 1- through '4, inclusive, are shown as assemslightly different ,construction for retaining bled condition, Insertedwithin the opening the rear closure cap. In this type of con- 6 ofthe rearlclosure cap is a primer 13 struction the rear closure cap may be either adapted, to ignite the powder propellant a shallow cup or a flat disc. I charge 14 Asmay be observed, the powder however, the rear closure is shown as a disc charge '14 is retained in the chamber by means of the. thin sheet of combustible or head 23 adapted to be inserted through a easily volatilized material 18, which covers punched hole in the center of the propellant the openings 5 in the rear closure cap. Secup 2 which may be either of the type indicured Within the opening 9 of the forward cated by the reference numeral 2 or 2a. A cap 7 by means of a press fit, isabooster tube recess 23b is drilled or otherwise provided 15 with which is associated suitable'fuse and within the primer tube so as to receive the booster assembly 16, shown by the dotted primer 13. In addition to this, flash holes lines. impact type fuse for the purpose of opening tube so as to permit the flash from the primer the projectile body and for dispersing the to be conducted to the ropellant'powde'r contents 17 thereof, or the booster may be charge surrounding the pr'mertube upon the employed for detonating an explosive charge ignition of the primer? Upon the outer exor otherwise initiating the function of the tremitiy'of the primer tube, there is posishell after firing. tioned a nut 26 adapted to retain the cap 4a The shell of Figure 6 isemployed with a in position over the propellant cup.

muzzle loading type of weapon. To dis- A'view disclosing the complete assembly charge the shell, it is merely dropped down of the'propella-nt cup and primer of Figure the barrel of the weapon, and upon the prim- 11 is shown in Figure 13. Here the rear cap er coming in contact with the fixed firing of Figure 3 is shown in the form of a flat pin associated with'the barrel the propellant disc 4a. Upon the ignition of the propellant char e 14 is ignited. Upon ignition of the charge, as may be observed in Figure 14, the powder in the propellant cup, the coveringdiso 4a is bent outwardly against the edges material 18 over the holes 5 is burned, allow-v 'of the retaining nut 26 in order to allow the ing the escape of the gases formed by the gases from, the ignited propellant powders burning powder which 'resultsin driving the to escape'frofn the projectile and force the projectile out of the barrel at a high velosame outof the gun barrel.

n this instance,

4a. The primer tube 22 is provided with a city. Thefilling 17 of the. projectile'may be either of a gaseous nature, liquid,;or solid and will be. dispersed upon the contact of the booster assembly 16 with an object.

A somewhat modified form of propellant charge receiving cup is disclosed inFigures 8, 9'and 10. In Figure 8, the propellant cup mixture used in dispersing the. filling ma- 2a is provided with openings 19 adaptedtd communicate with the. interior of the shell body for the purpose of igniting a starting Ininstances where it is found desirable to employ a time fuse for igniting the material ployed. S'uch construction continues the within'. the body of the projectile, the construction disclosed in Figure 12 is emterial of the shell body. To prevent contact 'fiitional Openings or holes 29 through which between the propellant powder and the start l Passed a qulck fuse 3 P il 31 er th h l 19 b covered, i a thin 1s interposed in the primer tube between the disc of a suitable combustible or easily volaflash holes 2 a the 1$ holes 29 in order tilized naterjal 34, Upon the burning f t0 prevent the direct ignition Of the powder This may be either of the time or 25 communicate with the recess of the primer the material 34,-the starting mixture is igtrain of the time fuse, by the flashof the -nited and this in turn ignites special burnprimer, which in the event of the failure of ing mixtures either of smoke material or the propellant powder would cause a prema- A completely assembled and loaded shell,

is disclosed in Figures 15 and 16. In this instance the tubular body 1 of Figure 1, the projectile cup of Figure 8, and a rear closure modified as a shallow cup with gas vent holes 5 are employed. As may also be observed, the primer supporting construction of Figures 11, 13 and 14 are employed.

- Over the vent holes 5 in the rear cup 4b and also over the openings 19 in the propellant cup 2a, there is placed thin combustible or easily volatiliz ed material designated respectively by the reference numerals 18 and 19. After filling, the forward end of the pro ectile is closed by a front cap 7 a, similar to that disclosed in Figure 4, but in this instance. the opening 9 is eliminated and no booster employed. I

The projectile filling consists of the material 17, which may be a solid smoke mlxture or an intimate mixture of an irritant or toxic material with a suitable fuel to produce thermal dispersion of the same. Starter 21 consists of an easily ignited material, such as powder compounded with a suitable binder, and if necessary is separated from Y the projectile filling by a thin disc 31 of a suitable material that is easily burned through or volatilized by the starter.

The projectile of Figure 15, as well as-any of those previously described, functions upon being dropped into the muzzle of a mortar by the firing of the primer 13 upon contact with the firing pin. This results in igniting the propellant powder 14, the combustion'of which burns through the mate: rial 18 allowing the gas to escape through the holes 5 into the chamber of the mortarso as to drive the projectile out, of the barrel.

The propellant powder,.at the same time,

'also ignites the starter 21 by burning through the material 34. During the flight. ofthe projectile the starter burns through the disc 31 and ignites the filling mixture 17, the smoke or gas evolved escaping through the openings 19, the empty propellant chamber and the openings 5.

In Figure 17 there is disclosed a completely assembled and loaded shell employing a time fuse for igniting the material 17 within the shell body. The tubular body 1 is fitted with a propellant cup 2 containing a propellant powder charge 14. Both ends of the projectile are closed in a manner similar to that disclosed in connection with Figures 15 and 16. In this instance, however, the primer tube 22, as in the case of Figure 11, extends through the interior of the projectile towards the forward end thereof and carries the fuse 27 and powder train 28 with which is associated a detonator, squib, or other igniting device indicated by the reference numeral 32.

It should be noted that the forward end of the primer tube is closed with a plug 33 and thatthe general primer construc- "tion of Figure 11 is employed. With the shell of Figure 15, the filling 17 may consist of any desired material, either gaseous, liquid orsolid, which is to be dispersed, or it may consist of a filling of either high or low explosive or any mixture thereof.

To discharge the projectile, it is dropped into the barrel of the,weapon in a manner similar to that previously described. This results in firing the rimer which i nites the propellant powder c arge 14: and t e quick length to give the predetermined time functioning of the projectile so that the detonator may be set off when desired.

When it is desired to control the basic range of the projectile, zone charges, or increments of propellant powder may be employed with the shell forming the subject matter of my invention. A construction pernntting such an expedient is shown in Figures 18 and 19. Here the tubular body 1 of the projectile is fitted with a propellant cup 2 ofconsiderable. depth which supports a primer tube 22a and a primer 13. The rear closure cup 4?) is provided with gas vent holes 5 which are covered with suitable material 18 and is retained by the wing nut 26, having wings 35, which screws onto the outer end of the primer tube. By such construction the cup 4?) may be removed by hand and easily replaced so as to vary the powder charge within the cup. These charges consist of a plurality of perforated disc powder increments or bundles similar to those described in application Serial No.

178,358, filed March .25, 1927, or the charges consist of a plurality of tubular bags of powder or any other suitable means for dividing thesame. I I

The number ofcharge increments required for a given basic range are placed in the propellant cup 2 over the primertube 22a and are held against each other by the spiral helical spring 36 and the washer 37, also placed over the primer tube, and the closure a cup itself. It will be appreciated that upon securing the' rearclos'ure cup 45 to the roectile, that the powder charge will be eld against' -the inner wall of the cup and powder 14 through the openings 25 in the primer tube. It will be appreciated that the construction just outlined, permits a rapid change of the propelling charge between the limits of the basic charge and the maximum number of increments which may be employed with any type of projectile. Moreover, it may also be observed that this constructionmay be employed with any of the various modifications of the means heretofore described for the purpose of releasing or firing the projectile filling 17.

While the projectile'forming the subjectmatter of my invention has been described as used in a muzzle loading weapon, it is to be understood that the shell construction is obviously not limited to a weapon of this t e. Obviously the projectile may be modi ed for use with a breech loading weapon by slight structural changes without exceeding the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims appended hereto.

The constructions heretofore disclosed provide a shell which is of exceedingly light weight and at thesame time inexpensive. Thls is accomplished by forming all of the metal parts, with the exception of the primer and detonating device, of metal which may be shaped by punch press methods. Further, the size and weight may also be reduced by the elimination of extensions upon the projectile itself, such as the cartridge container, front and rear body heads of the usual construction, fuse adapter, ex ternal fuse and other extensions of this nature. By formin the parts of the shell by punch press metiiods and securing them together by press fits, an inexpensive construction and assembly is provided, which besides requiring a minimum of skilled labor also requires a minimum of complicated and necessarily expensive machinery and tools for constructing the device.

In addition to serving as a container for the propellant powder charge, it should be noted that the propellant cup provides a gas tight seal at the rear of the shell body. A similar seal is provided at the forward end of the shell body by the forward closure cup which may, if desired, be so constructed as to have a booster associated therewith.

By the use of suitable dimensions, the interference between the cooperating parts may be made to suit the particular demand called for so that thecontainer will withstand the stress of the discharge and all of. the parts of the projectile assembly will remain integral upon the firing of the shell.

Further it will be realized that all of the types of projectiles disclosed, due to their simplicity, require but a minimum of preparation for firing.

From the foregoing description, it will be appreciated that I have provided a novel projectile which is 0f simple design and inexpensive construction. In addition to this, it will also be appreciated that the projectile forming the subject matter of my invention is capable of containing any type of filling material, either in the liquid, gaseous,

or solid form and while designed for use with weapons of the muzzle loading type, may bev employed for breach loading weapons as well.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details of construction herein set forth, by way of illustration, as,

it is apparent that many changes and variations may be made therein, by thoseskilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention, or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A projectile comprising a tubular body member, a forward closure member, a rearward closure member adapted to contain a propellant powder charge, a cover member for said rear closure memberysaid members being secured to each other by press fits, and means for firing the projectile associated therewith.

2. A projectile comprising a tubular body member, a forward and a rearward closure member therefor adapted to be secured to the body by press fits, said forward closure member having a booster tube and booster assembly secured thereto by. a press fit, said rear closure member adapted to contain a propellant powder charge, a cover member secured to said rear closure member, and means associated with the projectile for igniting the propellant powder.

3. A projectile comprising a body adapted to contain material to be dispersed, a forward and a rearward closure member secured therto by a press fit, said rearward closure member having a cup like shape and adapted to contain a propellant powder charge, a cover member for said rear 010- sure member, said cover member provided with a plurality of openings adapted to be normally closed by a sheet of easily volatilized and inflammable material, and means associated with the projectile for igniting the propellant powder charge.

4. A projectile comprising a tubular body adapted to contain material tobe dispersed, a forward closure cup provided with an opening adapted to support a booster tube and booster assembly, secured thereto by press fits so as to afford a gas tight seal, a

propellant powderreceiving cup secured to the rear end of said body by a press fit so as to also afford a gas tight seal, a cover cup for the propellant cupalso secured by a press fit, said cover cup being provided wit-h a plurality of openings normally covered by inflammable and easily volatilized material and also with an opening adapted to support a primer for firing the projectile.

5. A propellant powder loading assembly for a projectile comprising a propellant charge receiving cup adapted to be inserted within the body of the projectile and sc-,

cured thereto by a press fit, said propellant cup having a flange around its lip so as to provide a seat for the cup on the end of the projectile body, a cover cup secured within the propellant cup by a press fit, the base of said cover cup being provided with a plurality of openings normally covered by an inflammable and easily volatilized 1naterial and also with an opening adapted to support a primer for firing the projectile. v 6. A projectile powder loading assembly comprising a propellant powder receiving cup adapted to be inserted within a projectile body and secured thereto by a press fit, the base of said cup having a plurality of holes normally covered by an inflammable and easily volatilized material adapted to be burned through upon the ignition of the propellant powder to allow the ignition of a starting mixture within the projectile, I a cover member for maintaining the propellant powder within the cup and means associated with the propellant powder assembly for firing the same.

7 A projectile propellant powder loading assembly comprising a powder receiving 3 cup adapted to be inserted within a projectile body and secured thereto by a press fit, the base of said cup being provided with a. plurality of openings adapted to have tubes formed of an easily volatilized ma- 5 terial for containing a starting mixture secured therein, a cover member for maintaining said charge within the propellant cup 'and means associated with the assembly for igniting the propellant powder.

8. A propellant powder loading assembly for a projectile comprising a propellant charge receiving cup adapted to be insert-ed within the body of the projectile and secured thereto by a press fit, the base of said 5 cu bein rovided with an o )enin ada t- P a P l a P ed to support a primer tube with primer for igniting the propellant charge, and a cover member for said cup secured to said primer tube.

9. A propellant powder loading assembly for a projectile, said assembly comprising a propellant charge receiving cup adapted to be inserted within the projectile body and secured thereto by a press fit, said cup be- 5 ing provided with an opening, a primer tube provided with a flange at one end and threads at the other inserted through the opening so that the flange bears against the base of the cup, a cover cap for said propellant cup adapted to he slipped over the primer tube, means for securing the cover over the cup and a primer associated with a tube for igniting the propellant charge.

10. A projectile propellant powder loading assembly comprising a propellant char e 'receivin on a cover late a )rimer tu e having a flanged end and a threaded end extending through the cup and cover, said flange bearing against the base of the cup, the cover being maintained in position by a nut engaging said threads, said primer tube provided with a recess having a primer therein and also with a plurality of flash holes for igniting the powder charge.

11. A projectile propellant powder loading assembly comprising a propellant charge receiving cup, a cover plate, a primer tube having a flanged end and a threaded end extending through the cup and cover, said flange bearing against the base of the cup, the cover being maintained in position by a nut engaging said threads, said primer tube provided with a recess having a primer therein and alsowith a plurality of flash holes for igniting the powder charge, said cover plate being constructed of a metal adapted to be bent outwardly over said nut upon the ignition of the propellant powder.

12. A projectile propellant powder loading assembly comprising a propellant charge receiving cup adapted to be inserted within a projectile body, a cover therefor, a primer tube adapted to extend through the cover and cup and into the interior of the projectile, said primer tube provided with a flange bearing against said cup and a screw threaded end adapted to be engaged by a nut for maintaining the cover over the propellant cup, a fuse and powder train with detonator within the portion of said primer tube within the projectile, said primer tube being provided with a recess having a primer and a plurality of flash holes, the, tube also being provided with a plurality of holes for a quick fuse,-and means for preventing the ignition of said quick fuse upon failure of the propellant powder.

13. A projectile propellant powder loading assembly comprising a propellant charge receiving cup adapted to be inserted within a projectile body, said cu being of a relative great depth and provi ed with an openingada-pted to have a primer tube extending therethrough, a closure cup adapted to be inserted within the end of said propellant charge receiving cup, said closure cup being rovided with an opening adapted to have t e primer tube extend therethrough, sa1d primer tube being provided with a flanged end and adapted to bear against said propellant charge receiving cup, and a threaded end adapted to be engaged by a nut for maintaining the closure cup thereon, a primer and an igniting powder charge Within said primer tube, and a plurality of perforated disc powder increments posi tioned within said propellant charge receiving cup, said primer tube extending through said powder increments.

14. A projectile propellant powder loading assembly comprising a propellant charge receiving cup of relatively great depth adapted to receive a plurality of disc-like powder increments, said propellant charge receiving cup adapted to be secured within a projectile body by a press fit, the propellant charge receiving cup being provided.

with'an opening adapted to have a primer tube extend therethrough, said primer tube also extending through said powder increments, the primer tube being provided with a flange at its inner end and adapted to bear against the bottom of said propellant charge receiving cup, a closure cap adapted to be positioned over the end of said propellant charge receiving cup and to be secured thereto by threaded means engaging the end of said primer tube and bearing against the bottom of said closure cup, an igniting powder charge and a primer within said primer tube, and a spring positioned around said primer tube so as to bear against the bottom of said propellant charge receiving cup and the powder increments.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

LEWIS M. MCBRIDE.

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