US180990A - Improvement in windmills - Google Patents

Description

1LT. &. M. C. CHAPMAN..

WIND-MILL.

Patented Aug.15,1876.

MPEI'ERS, PHOTO-UTHDGHAPHER, WASHINGTON, D C4 UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MATTHEW T. CHAPMAN AND MARK C. CHAPMAN, OF GALVA, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN WINDMILLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 180,990, dated August 15, 1876 application-tiled May 24, 187 6.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, MATTHEW T. CHAT- MAN and MARK G. CHAPMAN, of Galva, in the countyv of Henry and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Windmills; Vand We do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had 'to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

. This invention relates to that class of windmills in which the wind-Wheel is held to the wind by a flexible tail-vaneV or rudder, which permits the wheel to be deflected from the direction of the wind by increase in its velocity, and permits its return toward its normal po sition in relation to the direction of the wind as its velocity decreases; and the invention consists, rst, in the use of one or more weights placed in such relation to the wind-wheel that their tendency to recede from its axis ofY motion by an increase in its velocity or centrifugal force may regulate the deiiexure ofthe Wind-wheel; second, in the use of a spring to return the centrifugal weights toward their normal position with diminishingvelocity of the wheel; third, in the use of a pulley on the wind-wheel shaft, connected by a cord with the tail-vane, and brought into frictional contact with the wind-Wheel hub by the centrifugal weights, for the purpose of deecting the Wheel when there is increased velocity of wind; and, fourth, in the use of a weight with the last-named devices for returning the Windwheel toward its'. normal position as the wind decreases in velocity.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is 'a top view ofa windmill embodying our inven- V tion, the wind-wheel and its hub inv section.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation of the working parts, the wind-wheel removed, and its hub and the axle-boss shown in section. Fig. 3 is a diminished front elevation of the Wind-wheel.

Referring to the parts by letters, A represents the hollow conical-shaped vertical axis, on which the mill rotates, and is mounted in suitable bearings in a frame, B, carried on the tower. (Not shown in the drawings.) C is the wind-wheel, of that class having rigid or h'xed sails, and is rigidly attached to its shaft D, which is provided with suitable bearings in standards a a, which project upward from the axis A. E E are sliding disks on the shaft D, one on each side of the wheel C, and are connected by rods e e, which pass through the boss cl. F is a loose pulley on the boss d, and between the hub o of the wheel C and the disk E', so that when the disk E is drawn toward the wheel C the pulley F will be brought into frictional contact with the wheel-hub. G G are bell-crank levers, pivoted at their angles to standards c', which project from the frame-work of the wheel C, so that one of their arms, g, rests against the face of the disk E, and from their other arms, g', rods h extend radially outward and through eyes h', projecting from the wheel-frame, and carry ou their outer ends the centrifugal weights H. I is a spiral spring encircling the extended end of the shaft D, and placed between a collar, c', and the disk E, so as to press the disk E toward the wheel (l. I is a laterally-projecting arm from the axis A, and carries pulleys j j on its outer end. K is a cord, connected at one end to the pulley F, and, passing around the pulley j, is connected at its other end to one side of the rudder L. The rudder or tailvane L is pivoted on an axis, l l', parallel with, but to one side of, the axis A; or it may be pivotally attached to axis A and rotated in a path concentric with said axis A. l is a brace for the rudder L, and m are stops, one on each side of the rudder-stein, and have sockets in their ends, in which are seated rubber bumpers m m. N is an arm projecting from the axis A, and connected with the vane L by au ordinary link, n, and weighted rod n. P is a cord, passing from one side of the rudder L, over the pulley j', and thence over a pulley, p, carried on the upper end of the axis A, and thence downward to near the ground, where it maybe taken hold of to throw the'wheel out of the wind7 in the ordinary manner. Q is the connecting-rod, receiving motion from a crank, d', on the shaft D.

The operation is as follows: It is not deemed necessary to repeat here the well-known principle of regulation of the speed ot' this class of windmills by the deflection of the wheel, as shown by dotted lines at Fig. 1. The necessary detiexure is produced by our devices as follows, viz: Any increase of speed of the windwheel, from increased velocity of the wiud,will, by centrifugal force, throw the weights H outward, and, through the bellcrank levers G, press the disks E E' outward, and thereby draw the pulley F against the hub of the windwheel, and, by frictional contact therewith, rotate said pulley with the wheel and wind the cord K thereon, shorten it, and thereby turn the wheel at an angle to the direction of the wind, and proportioned to its velocity, and, should the velocity be great enough, the frictional contact between the pulleyF and wheelhub will be suflicient to carry the wheel around until its plane of rotation is parallel with the side of the vane L, and the wheel-edge to the Wind, and thereby entirely stop its rotation in gales or very high winds. The weighted rod n operates in the ordinary manner to bring the parts back toward their normal position, when there is a decreasing force of wind. The bumper m strikes the projection 1' when the wheel is brought parallel with the rudder, and the bumper m strikes the arm N when the Wheel is in its normal position, or at right angles to the rudder.

What we claim as new is- 1. In a windmill having a rigid-sail wheel and a exible tail-vane or rudder, one or more centrifugal weights, H, combined to operate with the wind-wheel and tail-vane or rudder, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The spring I, arranged to operate with the disk E, bell-crank levers G, rods h, weights H, and wheel C, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The friction-pulley F. arranged to oper- Y ate with the wind-wheel G, cord K, and ilexible tail-vane or rudder L, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. The frictionpulley F, arranged to operate with the disks E E', rods e, bell-cranks Gr, rods h, weights H, wind-wheel C, cord K, and flexible tail-van? L, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a windrnil having a rigid-sail wheel and liexible tail-vane or rudder, the weighted rod n', combined to operate with one or more centrifugal weights, H, and with the wheel and tail-vane, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

Witnesses A. W. ALBER, Y

J. S. SMITH.

" ullllllllvlllhm

Images