US1809415A - Method and apparatus for making photographic film backing paper with thin edges - Google Patents

Description

J. G. JONES ET AL 1,809,415 PPARATUS FOR MAKING PHOTOGRAPHIC CKING PAPER WITH THIN EDGES Filed Sept. 25, 1929 METHOD AND A FILM BA June 9, 1931.

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June 9, 1931 J. G. JONES ET AL 1,809,415

' METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM BACKING PAPER WITH THIN EDGES Filed Sept. 25, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 g'wuentoz Jail-J1 EL. Jana:

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JOHN G. JONES AND HAYWOOD G. DEVZEY, OF RiOGF-IESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNQRS TO EA$TMAN KODAK COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, HEX/V YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK IJIE'EHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING HIIO'IOGB-APHIC FILM BACKIBTG' PAPER. WITH THIN EDGES Application filed September 25, 1929. Serial No. 335,014.

This invention relates to a machine and a methodfor making long strips of paper having at least one edge of the paper thinner than the remaining portion thereof. Such strips are used particularly in connection with the photographic film cartridges in the prevention of light leak between a. film spool flange and the convolutions of paper and film wound on the spool. i

One object of our invention is to provide a machine for reducing the thickness of portions of a sheet of paper while in a stretched condition. Another object of our invention is to provide a machine with a suitable means for reducing the thickness of paper and to provide a readily adjustable means for taking care of the thickness of the material removed. Another object of our invention is to provide a machine in which the desired area to be removed can be accurately controlled. Another object of our invention is to provide a support upon which the paper is stretched, areas of the paper having ribs stretched into the surface of the sheet. Another object of our invention is to provide a plurality of adjustable anvils over which arelatively wide sheet of paper is stretched, small ridges on the anvils stretching ridges into the paper and a suitable mechanism removing a predetermined portion of the paper ridges. Still another objectof'our invention is to provide a 'machine through which the paper may pass continuously while the edges of the strips may be thinned and the dust cleaned from the sheet before the separate strips are wound into rolls.

A still further object of our invention is to provide a method of stretching a sheet of paper and thinning the stretched portions, and other objects will appear from the 'following specification, the novel features being particularly pointed out in the claims at the end hereof.

This machine is an improvement over the machines 'for producing paper with thin edges shown in the following two patents; 1,494,604, J. G. Jones, May 20, 1924, and 1,634,997, J. G. Jones, July 5, 1927.. Since portions of the present machine-may be substantially like the machines shown in these patents, only the novel features will be described in the present specification and reference may be had to these two patents to show the usual path of the paper before it reaches the thinning mechanism.

Coming now to the drawings wherein like reference characters denote like parts throughout Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation showing the path of a sheet of paper through a machine constructed in accordance with and embodying a preferred form of my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary side viewof a portion of the brush-adjusting mechanism; Y

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view through an anvil showing parts of the anvil-adjusting mechanism;

Fig. i is a diagrammatic plan view show ing the position of a series of anvils togethei with the carriages on whichthe'seanvils are mounted i F 5 is greatly enlarged sectional View through an anvil showing the paper strip with a ridge stretched into the paper and with a wire brush for reducing'thethickness of the stretched paper;

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic fragmentary sec tion of a portion of afilm spool with photographic film interwound' with paper having thin edges; and

7 is a fragmentary sectional view through a thin edge paper strip on an exaggerated scale.

-Referring to the two patents of J. G. Jones relating to machines for making paper with thinned edges, the paper is mounted on a roll and drawn over a series of rollers mounted in an arcuate form in what is generally known as a turtle back. I

This merely guides the paper correctly to the. mechanism which is shown in Fig. 1 wherein the paper strip P is shown as approaching roller 1 after having been drawn over a turtle back. From roller 1 the paper passes over an anvil 2 which has a crown 3 as best shown in Fig. 5. The anvil is preferably in the form of a Wheel having a perfectly smooth periphery and the crown 3 is raised from this periphery as indicated in the drawings.

After passing over the anvil 2 the paper is wound about a tensioning mechanism which consists of the rollers 4, and 6. Roller 4 is carried by a shaft '7, roller 5 by a shaft 8 and roller 6 by a shaft 9. From these rollers the paper strip passes over the guide roller 10 which turns on a shaft 11 and thence between a pair of slittingknives .12, these knives being carried by a pair of spaced shafts 13. After being slit, the separate strips of paper 79 are led through a cleaning chamber 14 in which a pair of soft brushes 15 are driven by shafts 16 in a direction opposite to that in which the paper is travelling as indicated by the arrows. Any dust remaining on the paper is carried off by the vacuum pipe 17.

\Vhen the paper is drawn over the anvil 2, the crown 3 of the anvil forms a ridge in the paper since the strip material is under suflicient tension to hold it closely upon the smooth peripheries of the anvil. If paper is removed from the machine at this point, there will be a series of ridges, one ridge for each anvil crown stretched permanently into the surface of the paper.

The stretched portion of the paper shown as 18 in Fig. 5 is reduced in thickness by means of the bristles: 19 of a wire brush 20 rotated by power shaft 21 in the direction shown by the arrow. These brushes are enclosed in a casing 22 from which the air is drawn by a vacuum pipe 23 to quickly remove the paper dust caused by the rapidly rotating wheel.

*Referring to Fig. 5, the paper ridgelS which has been stretched into the paper sheet P is reduced in thickness since the bristles 19 of the brufh cut off the top of the stretched paper ridge as indicated at The anvils 2 are not power driven but are mounted to rotate freely upon a shaft 25 which is supported on a bracket 26 which can be moved in two directions. Referring to Figs. 3 and 4 the bracket may be supported upon an arm 27 which is slidably mounted in a carriage 28. The lower part 29 of this carriage is provided with a pair of slideways 30 which engage a track 31 on the frame 32 of the machine. These anvils may slide upon this track to vary the space between the anvils.

In order to move in a direction at right angles to that of the track. the arm 27 is mounted to slide in a way 33 under the influence of a screw 34 which an internal thread 35. This screw may be turned through the gear 36, worm wheel. 37 and worm 38, the latter terminating as best shown in 4 in av square end shaft 39 which projects to one side ofthe carriage. so that the alignment of any one of the anvils 2 can.

be adjusted by turning a nut 39 whether the machine is running or standing still.

In practice the anvils are carefully aligned up and the machine is started. From visual examination it can readily be seen whether or not all of the anvils stretch ridges equally in the surface of the sheet of paper. If some are less prominentthan others, the nut 39 may be adjusted until the pressure of the different parts of the sheet exerted by the crowns 0f the anvils will produce similar stretched ridges.

In starting the machine and in order to be able to visually adjust the anvils, provision is made for moving the paper without having the brushes 20 in positionto remove some of the material.

The amount of paper removed by the wire brushes may be varied at will by the operator while the paper is being skived, by ad justing the anvils by means of the-square end shaft 39 thus giving a skived ed ge of the desired thickness. 7

Referring to Fig. 2, the anvil 2 is shown as being mounted upon a suitable shaft 40 which is adjustably mounted with respect to the frame of the machine. The brush 20 is carried by a shaft 21 which is movably supported. Shaft 21 is carried by a bracket 41 which may turn upon the shaft 8 when the arm 43 is moved by the cam 44, this cam being formed in link 45 which turns upon a stud 46 when actuated through an arm 47 pivotally connected at 48 to the link. The cam slot 44 is arranged sothat when the link is in one position the brush will be shown in an operative or cutting position. as indicated in full line.

Vhen the shaft 47 is moved to the broken line position, the bracket 41. is rocked, mov ing the brush 20 to the position shown in broken lines in which the bristles 19 of the brush do not contact with a paper strip stretched over the anvils.

The bracket 41 also carries a bearing 49 which is connected by shaft 50 to the arm 43, this arm having lugs 51 extending out to each side of the pivotal point. Through lugs 51 there are adjustment screws 52 which are provided with lock nuts 53, the screws and lock nuts being used to get the proper initial setting of the wire brushes with respect to the a-nvils and to adjust for the wear of the bristles 19.

Arm 47 is connected at one end, opposite to 48. to the clutch lever which starts and stops the machine. the action being such that the wire brushes are moved away from contact with the paper just before the machine stops. by brushes running in contact with same while stationary.

Shaft 8 is driven by an independent source ofpower (not shown) from the rest of the machine, and the movement of the wire This prevents tearing of the paper brushes is in an opposite direction (as shown by the arrow) to the movement of the paper strip.

After the paper strip P passes over roller 10 it passes between a series of cutting knives 12 of which there are the same number as there are anvils, each pair of cutting knives being spaced the same distance apart as the crowns on the anvils. The knives, therefore, slit through the central portion of the strip paper ridge 18 and the remaining paper strips, which as indicated in Fig. 7 on a greatly enlarged scale, have a central portion which is substantially flat. Ridge edges 61 curve away from the smooth central portion, the upper edges 62 of the ridges being each thinner than the major portion of the Sheet as material has been removed from these portions by the wire brushes.

The anvils 2 are of comparatively small size, although they are somewhat larger than the film cores on which the convolutions of paper and film are wound to form what is known as a film cartridge. A portion of such a film cartridge is shown in Fig. 6. T he film core 70 supporting side flanges 71 and having wound thereon convolutions of film 72 interleaved with backing paper P which may have thinned edges made in accordance with my present invention.

Since the ridges 18 are stretched into the paper sheet while it is in an arcuate form stretched tightly around the anvils, the ridges may wrinkle somewhat when the strips of paper P which have been cut from the large sheet are held with the major surface in a substantially plane position.

However, when. the paper strips p are wound on a film spool, the wrinkles in the stretched and thinned edges flatten out, forming a smooth arcuate curve as indicated at 73 in Fig. 6 which lies evenly against the inside vall 74 of the film spool flanges 71.

Of course, in passing through'a camera, the

l extreme edges of the paper may wrinkle slightly, but because of the stretched and thinned edges of the strips, this slight wrinkling does not in any way prevent the paper from passing smoothly through cameras of the standard types.

Since it is most necessary to protect the film 72 from light which tends to enter be tween the film spool flanges 71 and the edges of the backing paper, the thinned edges 62 lie smooth all the time the backing paper is wound on a spool. That is, before and after exposure in a camera. This, as above explained, is caused by stretching the paper sheet tightly over crown anvils of comparatively small size. While it is possible to make the anvils of exactly the same size as a standard film core if desired, we have found that with anvils larger than the film spool cores entirely satisfactory results can be obtained and that wrinkling of the thinned edges when wound on a film is practically eliminated.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a paper skiving machine,'the combination with an anvil having a smooth surface, of-a crown on the smooth surface of the anvil, means for stretching a sheet of paper over the anvil whereby a ridge is stretched in the surface of the paper sheet and mechanism for reducing the thickness of the stretched ridge.

2. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with an anvil having a smooth surface, of a crown on the smooth surface of the anvil, means for stretching a sheet of paper over the anvil and a device for reducing the thickness of the sire ched paper ridge while supported by the crowned anvil.

3. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with an annular anvil having a smooth surface on an annular crown on the surface of the anvil, means for stretching a sheet of paper over the anvil and moving the paper strip to produce a ridge therein and a wire brush adapted to remove a portion of the stretched ridge of paper.

4-. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with an anvil in the form of a roller, a crown extending around. a portion of the roller, means for stretching a sheet of paper over the roller and for stretching ridges in that part of the paper which lies upon the crown, of a wire brush for removing a por tion of the thickness of the stretched paper ri d gc, said wire brush being so located that it will contact with the stretched paper edge while supported on the anvil but will not contact with the remaining portion of the paper sheet.

5. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with a plurality of rotary anvils having crowns, one on each anvil, means for stretching a sheet of paper tightly against each anvil and over the crowns of the anvils and a plurality of wire brushes adapted to remove a portion of the stretched paper ridges while supported on the crowns of the anvils.

6. In a paper skiving machine, the combination with a plurality of anvils having smooth surfaces of a plurality of crowns on the anvils, a plurality of carriages carrying the anvils, means for moving the carriages independently in two directions and independent adjustment means for each carriage.

7. In a paper skiving machine, a combination with a plurality of anvils having smooth surface of a plurality of crowns, one for each anvil, shafts adapted to support said anvils in a. relatively fixed position, a plurality of wire brushes mounted to move toward and from said anvils, mechanism for moving a sheet of paper over said anvils to provide sufficient tension for stretching ridges into on i said paper sheet, one ridge being stretched by each crown, said wire brushes being adapted to move toward said anvils a suflicient distance to remove a portion of the stretched paper ridges which are formed by the crowns of the anvils.

8. The method of making strips of paper with thin stretched edges comprising the formation of stretched ridges in the paper and reducing the thickness of the stretched ridges.

9. The method of making strips of paper with thin stretched edges that comprises forming spaced, stretched ridges in a wide strip of paper, reducing the thickness of the ridges and slitting the paper longitudinally of the ridges.

10. The method of making narrow strips of paper with thin stretched edges that comprises forming a wide sheet of paper with a plurality of parallel stretched ridges, removing a portion of the stretched ridges and slitting through the remaining thickness of the stretched ridges.

11. The method of making strips of paper with thin stretched edges adapted to lie smoothly on a cylindrical surface which comprises stretching a sheet of paper over a smooth crowned cylindrical surface and removing a portionot the stretched paper lying over a portion of the cylindrical crown.

12. The method of makin paper strips with thin edges adapted to lie smoothly on a cylindrical surface comprising taking a wide strip oi paper and drawing it tightly over a crowned cylindrical surface removing portions of the paper stretched Over the crowns, slitting the paper through stretched portions to provide a series oi thin edged paper strips.

[3. The method of making a paper strip with thin edges adapted to lie smoothly on a cylindrical. surface comprising stretching a. strip of paper to form ridges therein by passing over cylindrical. surfaces, thinning the ridges, stretched therein whereby said thinned edges may wrinkle when the stretched paper is drawn out fiat.

Signed at Rochester, New York this 19th day of September, 1929.

JOHN G. JONES. HAYWOOD G. DEWEY.

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