US1807232A - Rotary extractor - Google Patents

Description

y 1931- o. H. WURSTER ET AL ,23

ROTARY 'EXTRACTOR Filed Sept. 13, 1928 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Q. I w s z m\ w I All II II y 1931 o. H. WURSTER ET AL 1,807,232

ROTARY EXTRACTQR Filed Sept. 13. 1928 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 1931- o. H. WURSTER ET AL ,807,232

ROTARY EXTRACTOR Filed Sept. '13. 1928' a Sheets-Sheet s I l I I l I l I I I I l l 1 q l i y 1931- o. H. WURSTER ET AL ,807, 32

ROTARY EXTRACTOR Filed Sept. 15. 1928 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 y 1931. o. H. WURSTER ET AL 7,232

ROTARY EXTRACTOR Filed Sept. 15. 1928 a SheeiiS-Sheet 5 May 26, 1931. o. H. WURSTER ET AL now/m sxTRAc'roR Filed Sept. is. 1928 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 y 1931. o. H. WU'RSTER ET AL r 1,807,232

RIO'IARY EXTRAC'I'OR 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Patented May 26, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OSCAR H. WURSTER AND ALBERT M. SMITH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORSTO WURSTER &: SANGER, INC., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 01:" ILLINOIS ROTARY EXTRACTOR Application filed September 13, 1928. Serial No. 305,729.

This invention relates to a device for extracting fats, oils, or other substances from materials in which they are found, such as animal and vegetable products, by means of various suitable solvents, such as gasoline,

benzole, or ethylene di-chloride, and has for its object the provision of mechanism which shall be of improved construction and operation and which shall be more eflicient, con- H venient and economical to use than apparatus of a similar nature heretofore manufactured.

Another object of the invention is the construction of an extractor having a trunnion coinciding with the axis of rotation of the extractor secured to one or both ends of the extractor, the trunnion being provided with conduits which are a part of the trunnion and rotate therewith, as distinguished from a hollow trunnion through which stationary pipes pass for conducting the vapors and solvent, etc., into the extractor.

Another object is to provide a sleeve within which the trunnion rotates, the sleeve and trunnion being provided with passages establishing communication between the conduits within the trunnion to pipes connected to the sleeve.

Another object is to use the trunnion, or trunnions, having the described passages for rotatably supporting the extractor.

Another object is to connect one of the conduits through one of the trunnions with the interior of the extractor beneath a filter bed and to provide means connected with the sleeve for introducing solvent through this conduit into the extractor and for removing the solution from the extractor through this conduit.

Another object is to provide one of the trunnions with a vapor conduit extending into the extractor into a vapor space separated from the remainder of the extractor by a screen constructed to permit the passage of vapor and substantially prevent the passage of solids.

Another object is to provide a trunnion having conduits therethrough, some of which supply steam to the steam jacket, drain condensate from the jacket, and supply open provide the trunnion and sleeve surrounding the trunnion with passages communicating with stationary pipe lines in the sleeve during rotat on of the extractor.

Another object is to so arrange the passages in the trunnion and sleeve that the open steam is delivered to the particular injection pipe within the extractor that is positioned in the bottom portion of the extractor, and

Another object is to divide the water jacket into chambers, the outlets of which are so positioned that they will most effectively drain the chambers through the conduits passing through the trunnion.

Other objects will appear as the description proceeds.

Solvent extraction is carried out commercially in two general classes of equipment, (1) stationary extractors, with and without stirring mechanism, and (2) rotary extractors.

To make clear the objects of this invention, the various essential steps involved in extraction by means of solvents are briefly described. (1) the material to be extracted is charged into the extractor; (2) solvent is pumped into the extractor; (3) the material and solvent are agitated together; (4) the solution is separated from the material and removed from the extractor; (5) the extractor is heated with closed steam (i. e.'steam not coming into contact with the residue in the extractor) to dry the contents of the extractor; (6) the condensate from this heating steam is removed without coming into contact with the extracted material; (7) open steam is injected into the residue in the extractor to remove traces of solvent; (8) the solvent vapor and steam are removed from the hot extractor; (9) the extracted residue after heating, steaming and drying is dumped from the extractor.

To carry out the above enumerated operations, pipe line connections must be made to the extractor for (1) removing solvent vapors and steam, (2) adding solvent and removing solution, (3) admitting closed or heating steam, (4) removing condensate,

to steam to the interior of the extractor. and to (5) adding open or injection steam. Such connections can be readily made to a stationary extractor.

It has, however, been found in practice that with a stationary extractor, it is difficult to obtain a quick and thorough contact between the material and the solvent, thus prolonging the operation or extraction cycle. Such stirring mechanisms as have been devised have not been satisfactory in every re sport. The power consumption is high. The wear and tear on the equipment from such heavy internal stirring devices is excessive. The stirring device tends to pack the wet material together instead of to loosen it up for free action of the solvent. The filtering surface is readily damaged by the action of the stirrer in rubbing the material against this surface. Furthermore, it has been found difficult or impossible to obtain the extracted residue dry and free from solvent taste and odor when using a stationary extractor with or without stirrer. This is because of the difficulties of properly agitating the material in the extractor and of properly heating 1 the residue. Another objection encountered in the stationary form of extractor is the difficulty of removing the residue and the time required for this operation. It is usually a hand performed operation.

The above objections and difliculties are sufficiently serious so that most stationary extraction plants are built in small units, with maximum capacities of from 3 to tons of. material per extractor. Plants using larger units have been limited in the kinds of materials which they can extract, have had to perform the final drying outside of the extractors as a supplementary operation, have had high solvent losses, or have operated under other handicaps.

The rotary extractor eliminates the above enumerated objections to the stationary extractor. Comparatively little power is required to rotate the extractor and agitate the material. The agitation is effective, tends to loosen the material and gives good contact between material and solvent. The time of extraction is short because of the' good agitation. The heating, steaming and drying of the residue is thoroughly and quickly accomplished. The units may be relatively large with capacities up to 18 tons each per charge. The extractor is quickly discharged by dumping by rotation.

With such marked advantages in favor of the rotary extractor it has remained to properly develop the mechanical features so that the required operations can be performed in a rotating vessel. The five pipe line connections enumerated above had to be made in a practical manner so that all these operations requiring the passing of solvent, solution, vapors, steam and condensate through pipe lines to and from the extraction vessel can be carried out while the extractor is either stationary or in rotation, as required.

This invention accomplishes these objects and is exemplified in the combination and arrangement of parts shown in the accompanying drawings and described in the following specification, and it is more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation of our improved extractor Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section illustrating the, right hand half of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section illustrating the left hand half of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is an end elevation with the trunnion in section, the view being taken as indicated by the line 44 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is an end elevation showing an outside view through section 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a section through the line 6-6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is an end view of a vapor head sleeve;

Fig. 8 is a section through the line 8-8 of Fig. 7; i

Fig. 9 is a section through the line 9-9 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is a section through the line 10-10 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 11 is a section through the line 1111 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 12 is a section through the line 12-12 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 13 is a section through the line 1313 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 14. is an end view of a steam-head sleeve;

Fig. 15 is a section through the line 1515 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a section through the line 16-16 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a transverse section through the line 1717 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 18 is a transverse section through the line 18-18 of Fig. 2.

The present invention comprises an improved extractor of the general nature shown in application, Scr. No. 637,713, filed May 9, 1923, in the name of iValte-r E. Sanger and Oscar H. Wurstcr, and in application, Ser. No. 18,364, filed March 26, 1925, in the name of Oscar H. Wurster.

Referring to Fig. 1 the numeral designates an extractor. The extractor is jacketed by a double shell forming a jacket space, in dicated at 26, Figs. 2 and 3, so that the extractor and the material therein may be heated or cooled, as desired, by circulating, by means which will be described later, a heating medium, as steam or hot water, or a cooling medium such as cold water or air. The heads 27 and 28 of the extractor are attached to trunnions 29 and 30 which are mounted in bearings 31 and 32, thus providmg means of. rotation for the extractor.

33 and 34. The rotation ofthe extractor isaccomplished by means of the worm-gear 35. the worm 36 and driving pulley 37, the driving pulley being attached by belt or other device to a source of power, not shown. Mounted on the ends of the trunnions are stationary sleeves 38 and 39 to which the various pipe lines are attached. Su table openings in the stationary sleeves and in the trunnions, as will be more fully described later, provide for communication from the various pipe lines to the several parts of the extractor, as required. The extractor is provided with manholes 40 for charging and discharging, and with manhole covers 41.

Solvent from solvent storage tanks, not shown, is pumped through a pipe 63, pump 64, pipe lines 65, 66 and 52, through the sleeve 38 and trunnion 29, through line 53 into the bottom of.the extractor by means of nipples 54 extending through the jacketed shell. Suitable valves 66', 67 and 68 may be provided in the pump lines to properly direct the flow of the solvent from the storage tank to the extractor and to direct the solution in the extractor through the pump and pipe 69 to solution storage tanks, not shown, after which the solvent is separated from the solution for the recovery of the solvent and the extracted oil.

Referring to Fig. 3, a steam line 55 having a valve 56 supplies steam or other heating orcooling medium through the sleeve 39, trunnion 30 and pipes 57 to the jacketed shell of the extractor. Longitudinally extending partitions 93 (Fig. 17 are provided in the acket or space between the two shells aswill be more fully explained, so that the heating or cooling fluid will pass out of the jacket through pipes 58, through the trunnion 30, sleeve 39 and discharge pipe 59. Steam may be fed through pipe 60 and valve 61 through sleeve 39 and trunnion 30 to perforated pipes within the extractor, as will appear, so that open steam may be injected into the material, as desired.

Vapors from the extractor are removed through passages in trunnion sleeve 38 to a vapor pipe 62 which may connect with suitable apparatus not shown for condensing and separating the solvent and with a pump not shown for producing a partial vacuum within the extractor.

Referring to Fig. 2, the trunnion 29 is rigidly secured to the vapor head 27 and has a longitudinally extending liquid conduit 92 closed at both ends. The sleeve 38 is formed on its inner surface with a circumferential groove 100, as also shown in Fig. 8, and the trunnion 29 has a radial passage 91 extend ing into the conduit 92 and communicating with the passage or groove 100 which, in turn, communicates with a passage 99 leading to the pipe 52. The pipe 53, threaded into the trunnion 29, communicates with the conduit 92 and with the interior of the extractor through the nipples 54.

The trunnion 29 is provided with a second longitudinal bore or conduit 95 closed at one end and opening into the extractor at its other end through the vapor head 27. The sleeve 38 is provided with a second circumferential groove 97 in its inner wall, shown in Figs. 2, 8 and 9. The trunnion 29 is provided with one or more passages 96 communicating with the conduit 95 and with the groove or passage 97 which, in turn, communicates with the vapor pipe 62 through the radial passage 98 in the sleeve 38. Suitable packing glands 116 may be provided to prevent leakage of vapor or fluid between the stationary sleeve 38 and the rotating trunnion. The numeral 42 designates a drain pipe.

As shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 17, a filter bed 94 extends along and is spaced from the inner wall of the extractor by means of suitable supports 47 and 48. The filter bed may comprise a lower perforated supporting plate 43 upon which are superimposed layers 44, 45 and 46 of various filtering material of variour weave and mesh, as required.

It is to be noted that the nipples 54 lead into the extractor below the filter bed so that the solvent is forced up through the filter bed and through the material on the filter bed.

On the inside of the vapor head 27, we mount a screen comprising a perforated supporting plate 115, Fig. 18, upon which are placed one or more layers117 of fine wire cloth, and one or more layers 118 and 119 of wire filtering cloth which, if desired, may be finer in mesh than the cloth 117. However, the particular arrangement of the filtering material is not important, it being only essential that the construction be such as to let the vapor through while keeping all or substantially all of the solid within the extractor. The entire screen structure is held together and secured to the vapor head b means of a clamping ring bolted to the vapor head. As shown in Fig. 2, the screen is positioned to form a space between the screen and the inner wall of the vapor head 27 and it is this space that communicates with the-mouth of the vapor conduit 95 extending through the trunnion 29.

The trunnion 30, as illustrated in Fig. 3, is rigidly secured to the vapor head 28 and has longitudinal bores or conduits 104 there- 55 passes to the steam jacket. As shown in Fig. 11, a section taken on the line 1111 of Fig. 3, the trunnion 30 has three radial openings 103 therein each'of which communicates with one of the conduits 104 and wlth a groove or passage 102 (Figs. 3 and 15) which in turn communicates with a radial passage 101 in the sleeve 39 leading to the in through which steam from the steam pipe steam supply line controlled by a valve 56. Radial passages 57, Figs. 3 and 10, in the trunnion 30 communicate with each of the conduits 104 and with the steam jacket 26 through the pipes 57.

The trunnion 30 has a second series of bores or drain conduits 105 each of which communicates through a passage 106 in the trunnion with a passage or circumferential groove 107 in the inner Wall of the sleeve 39. The sleeve 39 has also a radial passage 108 communicating with the groove 107 and with the drain or discharge pipe 59. Openings 58', Figs. 3 and 10, connect each of the conduits 105 with one of the drain pipes 58 leading into the jacket space 26.

The longitudinal members 93, Fig. 17, divide the jacket into as many chambers as there are steam or drain pipes, three in number in the example illustrated. Each chamber connects with one of the inlet pipes 57 and with one of the condensate or drain pipes 58. It is to be particularly noted that each of the outlets 0 leading from each jacket chamber is positioned adjacent to one of the dividing members 93 and forward of the dividing member with respect to the direction of rotation of the extractor. The arrangement is clearly shown in Fig. 17, the direction of rotation being indicated by the arrow. Due to this arrangement, each chamber is drained when the extractor is in the most favorable position for draining the chamber, that is, when the outlet opening is at the bottom. Considering the bottom outlet 7 O of Fig. 17 it will be seen that not only is the outlet 70 positioned to drain the entire chamber, but added to the gravity pressure of the water is the additional inertia pressure created by the water pressing against the member 93, which additional pressure would not be present if the outlet conduit mentioned were positioned on the other side of the dividing member.

Furthermore,v when steam is used as the heating medium, the pressure of the steam within the jacket assists in forcing the condensate out through openings 70.

Where the groove 107 in the sleeve 39 extends entirely around the sleeve, as illustrated in the drawing, the steam in the jacket is thereby permitted to blow through the two upper outlets 70 (Fig. 17), the condensate being blown out of the lowermost outlet. \Vhile at first thought it may appear that the steam blowing through the two upper outlets 70 would retard or prevent condensate from blowing out, this has not been found to be the case in the actual operation of the apparatus as the draining of the condensate functions perfectly and the water in the passages appears to prevent steam from blowing through. However, in some instances, it may be desirable to permit draining to take place only through the lowermost outlet 70, the two upper outlets being out of communication with the pipe 59. In order to accomplish this,

we may extend the groove 107 partially around the sleeve 39, similar to the groove 110, in which case drainage will, of course, take place only in certain positions of the extractor.

In order that open steam may be introduced into the extractor, the trunnion 30 is provlded with bores or conduits 112 (Figs. 10- 13 and the trunnion has radial openings 111, Fig. 13, communicating with each of the conduits 112 and with a passage or groove 110 formed in the inner Wall of the sleeve 39. The groove 110 communicates with a passage 109 in the sleeve 39 leading to the steam pipe 60. Each of the conduits 112 connect with steam injection pipes 113 within the extractor, and, preferably, each of the pipes 113 branch into a pair of perforated pipes 114 secured to angle brackets 49 attached to the inner wall of the extractor.

The groove 110 establishing connection between the passages 111 leading to the steam injection conduits 112 and the steam supply pipe 60, unlike the other grooves, extends only partially around the inner wall of the sleeve 39. This groove 110 is located at the bottom of the sleeve 39 and preferably subtends approximately a sixty degree arc. The steam 7 therefore passes from the pipe 60 through the passage 104 and groove 110 and through the lowermost passage 111 and conduit 112 in the trunnion 30 into the injection pipe or pipes 113 and 114 positioned in the lowermost portion of the extractor where they are covered by the material within the extractor. The other two conduits 112 together with the connecting steam injection pipes 113 and 114 at the top portion of the extactor are then outof communication withthe groove110, steam passage 104 and steam supply pipe 60, and hence the steam passes only through the plpes 114 positioned most favorably to heat and impregnate the material.

lVhile we find it more convenient to rotatably support the extractor on the trunnions 29 and 30 through which the various conduits pass leading to the extractor, the extractor could, of course, be rotatably supported by means other than the trunnions.

After the extractor 25 has been charged with material and covers 41 have been secured to openings 40 the extractor is put into rotation. Solvent is pumped in through the pipe line 52 through passages 99, 91 and 92 and pipe 53 and nipples 54 to the interior of the extractor while the extractor is in rotation. Air and vapors pass out through vapor pipe 62. The solvent may be heated by turning steam on the extractor jacket 26.

After a proper period of rotation, which varies for different materials from several minutes to half an hour, the extractor is brought to rest in a position with the filter bed at the bottom. The filter bed retains the material in the extractor while permitting the solution to pass out through the nipples 54 and pipe 53. The solution is then pumped out through the same pipes and passages through which the solvent was pumped in.

The effectiveness of the design as shown is such that one extractionor wash can be made in from 10 minutes to 45 minutes time.

minutes is a usual time for one complete wash 3 being extracted.

After the last wash has been made and the solution pumped out, the solvent left adhering to the extracted material must be removed. This is done by rotating the extractor, pulling apartial vacuum on the extractor through the pipe 62, and turning steam on the closed steam jacket 26 of the extractor. Steam is turned on pipe 55 and passes through the several passages in the stationary sleeve 39 and the trunnion 30 and pipes 57 as previously described. The condensate passes from the jacket 26 through pipes 58 and through the several passages in trunnion 30 and stationary sleeve 39 and discharge pipe 59. as previously described.

The heat from the inner wall of the jacket is transmitted to the material and the solvent is evaporated, the vapors passing out of the extractor through the porous partition 115, passages 95, 96, 97 and 98, and vapor pipe 62.

The final traces of solvent are removed from the extracted and dried material by injecting open steam into the material. This is done by turning steam on pipe 60, the steam then passing through the stationary sleeve 39 and trunnion 30 to pipes 113 and perforated pipes 114 within the extractor, as previously described.

When the material has been steamed a short time and the last traces of solvent removed, the covers are taken off and the charge is dumped by rotating the extractor.

The perfection of the mechanical details as described above has made it possible to build a practical solvent extractor which is effective and economical in operation. The time required for making an extract-ion is shortened, complete extractions being made in 3 to 6 hours which formerly required 24 hours in older types of equipment. This saving of time, steam and labor makes the cost of extraction per ton of material so low that it is now economically practical to extract materials which could not be profitably extracted heretofore.

It should be noted that our invention is not limited strictly to the various details of the apparatus which have been particularly described, but-that the same is as broad as is indicated-by the accompanying claims.

We claim 1. In a rotary extractor, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnion having a pair of conduits therein communicating with the interior of said extractor, aliquid line connected to said sleeve, a vapor line connected with said sleeve, and means establishing communication between each of said lines and one of said conduits when said extractor is stationary and during rotation thereof.

2. In a rotary extractor, a trunnion rigidly secured to the end of said extractor to rotate therewith in axial alinement with the axis of rotation of said extractor, said trunnion having longitudinal conduits therein, a sleeve in which said trunnion rotates, pipe lines connecting said conduits with said extractor and rotatable therewith, and pipe lines connected with said sleeve, said trunnion and sleeve hav- 7 ing cO-Operating openings and passages estab lishing communication between said pipe lines and conduits during rotation of said extractor. i

3. In a rotary extractor, a trunnion rigidly secured to the end of said extractor to rotate therewith in axial alinement with the axis of rotation of said extractor, said trunnion having longitudinal conduits therein, pipe lines connecting said conduits with said extractor and rotatable therewith, a sleeve in which said trunnion rotates, and pipe lines connected with said sleeve, said trunnion having passages leading from the exterior thereof to each of said conduits, said sleeve having grooves in the inner face thereof each of which communicates with one of said pipe lines and certain of said passages.

4. In a rotary cylindrical extractor, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, a filter bed in said extractor, said trunnion having a conduit therein, a pipe line carried by said extractor and trunnion communicating with said conduit and extending through the side wall of said extractor and communicating with the interior thereof below said filter bed, said sleeve'having a circumferential groove therein, said trunnion having an opening communicating with said groove and conduit, and a pipe line connected with said sleeve communicating with said groove.

5. In a rotary cylindrical extractor, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said. extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, a filter bed in said extractor, said trunnion having a conduit therein, a pipe line carried by said extractor and trunnion communicating with said conduit and extending through the side wall of said extractor and communicating with the interior thereof below said filter bed, a second conduit in said trunnion communicating with said extractor through one end thereof, said sleeve having a pairofcircumferential grooves therein, said trunnion having a pair of openings therein for establishing communication between said conduits and grooves, and a pair of ipe lines connected with said sleeve each of w ich communicates with one of said grooves.

6. In a rotary extractor having a steam jacket, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnion having a conduit therein communicating with said steam jacket, a steam pipe connected with said sleeve, co-operating openings and passages in said trunnion and sleeve for passing steam through said conduit into said jacket during rotation of said extractor, said trunnion having a drain conduit therein communicating with said steam jacket, a discharge pipe connected with said sleeve, and means passing steam into said first-named conduit and for discharging the condensate from said steam jacket through said drain conduit into said discharge pipe during rotation of said extractor comprising co-operating openings and passages in said trunnion and sleeve.

7. In a rotary extractor, a steam injection pipe positioned adjacent the wall of said extractor within the interior thereof, a stationary steam supply pipe, and means establishing communication between said supply pipe and said injection pipe during a portion only of each revolution of said extractor.

8. In a rotary extractor, a steam injection pipe positioned adjacent the wall of said extractor within the interior thereof, a stationary steam supply pipe, and means establishing communication between said supply pipe and said injection pipe only during that portion of each revolution of the extractor when said injection pipe in the lower half thereof is in position to be covered by the material within said extractor.

9. In a rotary extractor, a plurality of steam injection pipes positioned in spaced relation adjacent the inner wall of said extractor, a stationary steam supply pipe, and means establishing communication between said supply and injection pipes during rotation of said extractor, said communication being established only and successively between said supply pipe and that injection pipe in the lower portion of said extractor which is in position to be covered by the material therein.

10. In a rotary extractor, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnion having a conduit therein, astea m injectionpipe communicating with said conduit and passing into the interior of said cx tractor, a steam supply pipe connected with said sleeve, said sleeve having a passage along a portion vonly of its inner wall, said passage communicating with said supply pipe, said trunnion having an opening therein communieating with said conduit and registering with said passage during rotation of said extractor only when said steam injection pipe is positioned in the lower portion of said extractor.

11. In a rotary extractor having a steam jacket, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor and secured to one end thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnion having a steam conduit therein communicating with said steam jacket, a steamsupplypipe forsaid conduit connected with said sleeve, said trunnion having a drain conduit therein communieating with said jacket, a discharge pipe for said drain conduit connected with said sleeve, said trunnion having a second steam conduit therein, steam injection pipes connecting with said second steam conduit and passing into the interior of said extractor, a second steam supply pipe for said second steam conduit connected with said sleeve, and means for establishing communication between said conduits and their respective pipes in said sleeve during rotation of said extractor.

12. In a rotary extractor having a steam jacket, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnion having a steam conduit therein communicating with said steam jacket, a steam supply pipefor said conduit connected with said sleeve, said trunnion having a drain conduit therein communicating with said jacket, a discharge pipe for said drain conduit connected with said sleeve, said trunnion having a second steam conduit therein, steam injection pipes connecting with said second steam conduit and passing into the interior of said extractor, and a second steam supply pipe for said second steam conduit connected with said sleeve, said trunnion having passages leading, from each of said conduits to the outer surface of said trunnion, said sleeve having grooves in the inner wall thereof each of which communicates with one of said pipes and with one of said passages during rotation of said extractor.

13. In a rotary extractor, a jacket for said extractor, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one dividing said endthereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, longitudinal members bers, said trunnion having a plurality of conduits therein each of which communicates with one of said chambers, said trunnion and sleeve having co-operating openings and passages for the admission of steam into said conduits, said trunnion having a plurality of drain conduits therein, each of which communicates with an outlet in each of said chambers, and means comprising co-operating openings and passages in said trunnion and sleeves for the discharge of condensate from said drain conduits. a

14. In a rotary extractor, a jacket for said extractor, a trunnion concentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, longitudinal members dividing said jacket into a plurality of chambers, said trunnion having a plurality of conduits therein each of which communicates with one of said chambers, said trunnion and sleeve having co-operating openings and passages for the admission of steam into said conduits, said trunnion having a plurality of drain conduits therein, each of which communicates with an outlet in each of said chambers, each of said outlets being positioned in its respective chamber closely adjacent one of said longitudinal members and forward thereof with respect to the direction of rotation of said extractor, and means comprising co-operating openings and passages in said trunnion and sleeve for the discharge of condensate from said drain conduits.

.15. In a rotary extractor, a screen within said extractor co-operating with a Wall of said extractor to form a protected space, the mesh of said screen being sufficiently fine to permit substantially only vapor to pass therethrough, a trunnion rigid with said extractor and having longitudinal conduits therein, one of said conduits being a liquid conduit communicating with the interior of said extractor, the other of said conduits opening through said vapor head into said protected space, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, a liquid pipe and a vapor pipe connected with said sleeve, said trunnion and sleeve having co-operating openings and passages for establishing communication between said conduits and their respective pipes during rotation of said extractor.

v16. A rotary extractor comprising a container having a steam jacket surrounding a portion thereof, means for supporting said container for rotary movement, conduits leading into said chamber, means for supplying steam for one of said conduits, and means for piling up condensate within said jacket and adjacent another of said conduits, said last mentioned conduit being adapted to be conjacket into a plurality of chamnected to a suction line so that said condensate may be withdrawn from said jacket.

17. A rotary extractor comprising a container, a steam jacket for said container, a trunnion for rotatably supporting said container, longitudinal openings in said trunnion, conduits leading from said trunnion to said steam jacket, a stationary member surrounding said trunnion, means in said stationary member communicating with a steam supply line and some of said longitudinal openings, means within said stationary member communicating with a vacuum line and other of said longitudinal openings, and means Within-said jacket forpiling up condensed steam adjacent the conduits which are connected to the longitudinal openings and which in turn are connected to said vacuum line.

18. A rotary extractor comprising a drum, a steam jacket for said drum, trunnions connected to said drum for rotatably supporting said drum, conduits leading from the periphery of saiddrum and communicating with said steam jacket, openings in one of said trunnions communicating with said conduits, means for connecting some of said openings to a suction line and other of said openings to a steam line, and means within said steam jacket for causing the condensate to pile up adjacent the conduits which are connected through the openings in said trunnion to said suction line.

19. A rotary extractor comprising a drum, a filter spaced from one end of said drum to form a chamber between said-filter and said end, a trunnion rigid with said drum and having longitudinal conduits therein, one of said conduits being a liquid conduit communieating with the interior of said extractor by means of suitable conduits, the other of said conduits opening through said end of said drum within the space between said end and said filter, a sleeve on said trunnion, a vapor line and a liquid line connected to said sleeve, said trunnion and sleeve having co-operating openings and passages for establishing communication between said conduits and their respective lines during rotation of said drum, and a second filter within said drum forming a space between said filter and a wall of said drum, said last mentioned space communicating with said liquid opening in said trunmon.

20. A rotary extractor comprising a drum, a steam conduit positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, a stationary steam supply pipe, means for establishing communication between said supply pipe and said injection pipe only during that portion of each revolution of said drum when said steam conduit is substantially at its lowermost position and covered by the material within said extractor, said steam assisting the vaporizing of the soluble substances in said material, and means for withdrawing the vapors from said drum.

:21. A rotary extractor comprising a drum, a plurality of filters within said drum, each of said filters being arranged adjacent a wall of said drum and forming a substantially closed space between each lter and the adjacent wall of said drum, a vapor line leading from the space of one of said filters and the wall of said drum, a liquid supply line comnmnicating with another of said spaces, and means for supplying liquid to said latter mentioned space and for withdrawing vapor from said first mentioned space during the rotation of said drum or during the time when the drum is at rest.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification on this 11th day of September, A. D. 1928.

OSCAR H. WURSTER. ALBERT M. SMITH.

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