US1807052A - Governor - Google Patents

Description

May 26, 1931. F. VAN DER WOUDE GOVERNOR Origifial Filed Aug. 20. 1929 Patented May 26, 1931 FRITZ vim DER woman, or ELYRIA, OHIO, AssIGnon 'ro THE ennnnnnmnusrnins ernors applicable to such mechanisms as phonograph motors and the like, employing ei 1o is of importance,

, motor part commensurably with the form adapted for vide an improved COMPANY, OF ELYRIA,

OHIO, A CORPORATION OF GHIO GOVERNOR Application filed August 20, 1929, Serial No. 387,143. Renewed August 23, 1930.

My invention relates to centrifugal governors and relates more particularly to govcontrolling the speed of her electric motor or spring motor power.

In motor mechanisms such as employed for driving a phonograph turntable, the maintenance' of a predetermined rotational speed and centrifugal governors of various types have long been employed, and of these types the general type relying upon the efiect of braking of a rotational speed at which said part is rotated, is most commonly employed.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved centrifugal governor of a disposition in a very narrow space extending in the direction of the axis of the rotating part, such as a phonograph motor driven shaft.

Another object of my invention is to pro-- vide an improved centrifugal governor adapted to effect a very graduatedbut heavy braking effect upon the motor shaft commensurably with increases of speed of such shaft. Another object of my invention is to pro mechanism of the class described a-daptedto be manufactured in quantities at small cost. I

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved mechanism of the'class described. wherein adjustments of speed may be readily efiected with ease,

and which adjustments will remain substantially permanent for long periods.

Other objects of my invention and the invention itself will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of my invention and in which description reference will be had to the accompanying drawings illustrating the said embodiment.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1,illustrates,in side elevational view, a centrifugal governor mechanism applied to a rotatable shaft of a motor whose speed is to be controlled thereby, closing casing being illustrated in longtudinal medial sectional view. 7

a part of the en-v Fig. 2 is an end-elevational view of the shaft carried parts of the centrifugal governor mechanism of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the shaft carried parts of Fig. 1, shown in the relative positions assumed when the rotatable shaft is rotated at an operative speed;

Fig. l is a view like that of Fig. 2, but with the parts shown in the relative positions as sumed under the conditions of operation ex isting for the view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a view like that of Fig.4, but the view being taken at right angles to the view of Fig. l. I f

Fig. 6 is an end elevational view of one of two like complementary plates, the view showing an outer face of such plate.

Fig. 7 is an end elevational view illustrat-I ing the'inner face of the plate of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is an end. elevational view of the plate of Figs. 6 and 7,showing the inner face of such plate.

Fig.9 is a side elevational view of one of the plates shown in the foregoing therethrough. p

Fig. 10 is a view in side elevation of a resilient weighted centrifugal element acting figures, to. 'ether with a supporting bushing projected one of two like connectors for the pair of comof the said embodiment.

plementary plates figures of, drawing in all Referring to the of which like parts reference characters,

at 1 and 2 I show prefare designated by like erably like complementary plates, eachwith which is, bored an enlarged central portion 7 to be telescoped axially to permit the plates on to the motor shaft 3.

The central each plate is providedonone of its sides preferably like spaced projections, each with a part helicoidal cam face. In the embodiment illustrated, projections at 7, 8 and 9, disposed central axis of portion of around the Axially disposed tubular pressed into each plate perforation, andfmake a bearing contact with the shaft on to which it is fitted. However, a set screw 4., is screw threaded through the bushing 5, of the plate each plate has three of such.

with a pluralityof the plate, all equally spaced radially of its aperture.

bushings are,

1, and engages the shaft 3, to prevent relation as to bring the adjacent flanges and tive rotational movement of the plate 1 on 11 of each plate at opposite sides of the the shaft, with which it rotates. shaft, together, and to resiliently tend to The plates are so telescoped on to the shaf maintain themin contact.

thattheir inner faces are relatively disposed Separation of the arms 10 and 11, carrying in opposition, and withthe inwardly extendthe flanges 10 and 11 by relative rotation of ing cam projections 7, 8 and 9 of each plate the plates 1 and 2, is effected only against the in engagement with like but oppositely eX- spring pressure of the centrifugal elements tending cam projections of the other plate. 13 and 14-, causing the springs thereof to take 4. The two plates being made alike and turner'lr a more severely bowed form, and with a cor- 7 in opposite directions, in position, the cam responding increase in retractive-resistance ming faces will be relatively so disposed for offered by the springs. such camming interengagement as to eifect he flattened leaf springs 13 and 14 also gradual axial separation of the plates upon resiliently resist axial displacement of the relative rotational movement thereof. plates relative to each other tending to keep Each of the plates is provided with a pair them resiliently pressed together with the of oppositely outwardly extending arms 10 faces of their cams 7, 8 and 9 in resiliently and l1,eachof which is provided with an inmaintained contact. V V wardly extending flange portion, shown re- The two centrifugal elements are, there{ spectively at 10 and 11. 1 ore, mounted on the device on opposite sides v s shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, the inof the shaft 3, and when the shaft is rotated,

' wardly projecting flange portions of each driving of the plates is efl'ected,the plate 1 plate are adapted to overlie the centrally communicating. lOtZl-CIVQ movement to the disposed cam-carrying portion of. the other plate 2 through the springs 13 and 14 of the plate, and the pairs of arms of each plate are centrifugal elements. V v V sufliciently displaced radially, relative to the As .will be understood from the above dearms of the other plate,'so that theflanged scription, the springs perform the functionv arm ends thereof are adapted to be disposed of maintaining a rotative pressureeifort on side by side with the similarly flanged ends the plates to press their arm flanges toward of the arms of the other plate,-which xt/end each other, tending to the ultimate positions 9 from a direction oppositely thereto. shown in Fig. 2. Also the springs resiliently lVith the plates both positioned on the exert a pressure effort tending to movethe shaft, as shown and described, they are replates together in a direction axially of the V il tly j i d t th b i f t l shaft. The springs a-lso communicate roleaf springs 13 a-nd lt, each of the springs tative movement from the plate 1 to the plate having perforated ends through which 2 when the plate-l is rotated by the sha screws 12 maybe projected, and which are In addition to the above functions for the screw threaded into the flanges 10 and 11 spring 13, the spring 13 communicates-a cenf th platearms 10 nd 11, It will b untrifugally effect-ed pressure efiort over the derstood, in this connection, that each of the weights 1?, which tend to be thrown outsprings 13 and 14 is secured at its opposite wardly from the shaft 3 upon rotation thereends to a flange 10 of the one plate and a of, to the outwardly extending arms 10 and 11 flange 11' of the other plate, and which of the plates. The springs, performing flanges are located on opposite sides'of the such function, act astractive links between motor'shaft 3.

Fig. 10 shows the preferred normal of the two different plates 1 and 2.

straight form of the spring 13 having its ends 7 The latter. effect is exerted in opposition perforated at 15 and 16 and carrying a to the first three effects named, and at all weight 17 attached to its mid portion by a speeds within therange of operation conscrew 18 projected through a central apertemplated. The weights counter-balance the ture of the spring and screw threaded into resilient effort exerted by the springs, tending the weight 1 V to relatively rotate the plates toward'the Two of the centrifugal elements shown in 'normal position of Fig. 2 and tend to sepa- Fig. 7 10 are employed, and are of such inrate the flanged ends of the arms 10 and 11 to creased length relative to the maximum such a separated position as is commensurspacings normally existing between opposite able with the rate of rotation of the shaft arm flanges of two differentones of the plates As the shaft'rotates faster, the gap shown at 1 and 2, that when secured thereto bythe a and b inFig. 4, for the associated pairsof screws 12, the springs 13 or 14;, as the case plate arms, becomes greater, 7

the weights and oppositely positioned ends 110 may he, take the bowed form shown in Fig. 2. The plate 2 is. provided with a smooth .125

t the same time due to the resilient reannular friction surface shown at 19 Fi s.

sistance of the spring to distortion from its 1 and 2, and a braking friction pad 20 supstraight form, a retractive pressure effort is ported on a lever 21, pivoted at '22, to a proexerted by each of the springs, tending to ection 23 of the casing 2 1, is adapted forl relatively rotate the plates in such a direcengagement therewith. The positionof the friction pad 20 longitudinally of the shaft 3, is adjustably predetermined by operation of the adjusting screw 25 screw threaded through a wall of the casing, and engaging at its end with the lever 21, which is spring pressed thereagainst through the action of a retractile compression spring 26 interposed between the opposite arm of the lever and a wall of the casing.

In addition to the arms 1 and 2 being variably spaced at a and b, radially of the shaft 3, because of the centrifugal effect of rotation of the weights 17 about the shaft, such separation of the arm ends is accompanied by a relative axial movement of the plates, since the cam projections 7, 8 and 9 of the two plates having their oppositely inclined faces in engagement, rotation of the shaft will effect relative camming between the projections to tend to separate the plates, this being resisted meanwhile by the resiliently distorted springs 13 and 14, which carry the weights and which interconnect the two plates. 7 r

The relative axial movement of the plates 1 and 2, therefore, moves the plate-2 outwardly on the shaft 3 and away from the other plate, and causes it to make increased pressure engagement by its annular friction surface 19 on the outer surface of the plate 2, with the friction pad 20 carried on the inner face of the adjustable lever 21.

The frictional engagement had between the pad 20 and the frictional braking surface 7 19 of the plate 2, effects a retardation in rotational speed of the plate 2, and which retardation is communicated to the shaft through the springs.

During operation of the device, the friction pad 20 is stationary in its adjusted position, and the plane annular surface 19 of the plate 2 is moved axially against the pad upon the increased speed, and the friction pad consequently engages itwith increased pressure, retarding its rotative speed, whereupon the springs 13 and 14 resiliently retract the plate 2 to tend to withdraw it from contact with the pad.

All of these effects ,occur coincidentall and the speed is maintained within very narrow limits at substantially a constant speed, event though there be, from time to time,

variations in motor driving efiect, or in the power required to drive the load, such as a phonograph turntable, since to compensate for such eflects there will be opposite compensating variations in frictional retardation effected upon the plate 2, and thereby upon the shaft carrying the plate.

Having thus described my invention in a preferred embodiment, I am aware that numerous and extensive departures may be made from the embodiment herein illustrated and described, but without departing from the spirit of my invention. For example while I have shown the plates 1 and 2 as composed of solid material it may be formed by drawing and pressing operations from a sheet metal, or may be otherwise produced from other materials or built up of a number of parts. i

I claim: I 1

1. In a speed governor, in combination with a rotatable shaft of a device to be gov erned, a pair of plates carried by the shaft, one of said plates being secured to the shaft, the. other plate being adapted to float axially and rotationally within limits relative thereto, a resilient centrifugal element, portions of said plates, said plates havin inner faces cooperatively formed for camm ng inter-engagement, whereby varying relative rotational' movements of the plates will efi'ect correspondingly varying relative movements of the plates axially of the shaft against the resilient effort of said centrifugal element, con stantly tending to move said plate portions relatively rotationally and relatively axially closer together, and a friction element acapted for engagement with an axially movable outer surface of one of said plates.

2. In a speed governor, a pair of coaxially disposed plates, one carried by a shaft of a mechanism to be governed and rotatable thereby, means yieldingly resiliently joining the plates together, caniming means operative to oppose the action of said resilient joining means, and an inertia element rotatable with one plate adapted to effect relative rotation of the plates, said camming means being thereupon adapted to vary the spacing of the.

plates longitudinally of the shaft according to the s eed of the shaft and shaft s eed con- V I 9 Y trolling means operatively responsive to the relative longitudinal movement of the plates.

3. In a speed governor, a pair of plates,-

one connected to a rotatable shaft of a device to be governed, means resilientl 'joiningv the plates to communicate rotary movement- 'from the connected plate to the other plate, an inertia element connected to one of the plates and adapted upon increased speeds of the shaft to effect relative rotational 'movement of the plates, camming meansinterconnecting the plates adapted upon relative rotational movements thereof to relatively axially shift the plates, and friction means adapted to effect an-increased retarding action upon the shaft upon relative axial movements of the plates.

4. In a speed governor, in combination with a. rotatable shaft of a device to be gov erned, a pair of plates telescoped onto the shaft one being fixed thereto'and receiving rotary movement therefrom, camming means interposed between the plates forming a contactual connection therebetween and adapted upon relative rotational movements of the plates in a given direction to move themrelatively axially, means :constantly operable tending to press the plates together, and a centrifugal element rotatable by the shaft variably operable according to the rotational speed thereof, adapted to effect a rotary shifting of one plate relative to the other plate, and a friction element engageable with said axially shifted plate upon a predetermined shifting thereof tending to retard the rotary tactual connection therebetween, and adapted upon relative rotational movements of the plates in a given direction to move them axially, means constantly operable tending to press the plates together, and a centrifugal element rotatable by the shaft variably operable according to the rotational speed thereof, adapted to effect a rotaryshiftin of one platerelative to the other plate and a friction element ,engageable with said axially shifted plate upon a predetermined shifting thereof tending to retardthe rotary movement thereof, and means to adjustably predetermine the relative position of said friction element relative to said shiftable plate to predetermine the governing effect thereof. 6. In a speed governor, in combination with a rotatable element'of a device to be governed, a first governor element connected to the rotary element and rotatable therewith, a second governor element connected to the first governor element and adapted to be rotatably driven thereby, interengaging camming portions on the governor elements, a centrifugal inertia element rotatable with the governor elements andadapted at variable speeds to effect a camming action of one governor element on the otherto variably move them relatively axially and friction means adapted to effect a retarding action upon the shaft upon relative axial movement of the governor elements.

7. In a speed governor, in combination with a rotatable element of a device to be governed, a first governor element connected to the rotary element and rotatable therewith, a'

second governor elementconnected to the first governor element adapted to be rotatably driven thereby and rotatably movable rela tively thereto, interengaging camming portions on the governorelements, a centrifugal inertia element rotatable-with the governor elements andadapted at variable speeds to relatively rotate the governor elements and thereby effect a camming action of one governor elementon the otherto variably move them relatively axially and friction means engageable by one of the governor elements upon relative axial movement thereof to effect a retarding actionupon the shaft.

tion relative to the first governor element,

resilient means connecting the governor ele ments through whichthe second element may be rotatably driven by the first governor elelnent, a centrifugal inertia element rotatable with the governor elements and adapted at variable speeds to effect relative rotational movement between the governor elements, in-. tei'engaging camming portions .on thegovernor elements effective upon relative rot-ation to move them relatively axially and friction means adapted to effect a retardingaction upon the shaft upon relative axial movement of the governor elements; r ff 9. In a speed governor, in combination with a rotatable element of a device to be governed, a first governor element connected to the rotary element and rotatabletherewith, a second governor element mounted to rot-ate with the first governor element and mounted for rotational and axial movement'relatively. thereto, a resilient element connecting-the two governor elements, a centrifugal inertia element on the resilient element and rotatable with thegovernor elements and adapted at variable speeds to effect relative rotation of the governor elements, interengaging caniming portions on the governor elements adapted, upon relative movement, to effect relative axial movement of the governor elements and friction means adapted to effect a retaroing action upon the rotatable element upon relative axial movement of the governor elements.

10. In a speed governor, in combination with a rotatable element ofva device to be governed, a first plate connected to the rotary element for rotation therewith, a second plate mounted for rotary movement with the first plate and for rotary and axial-movements relative to the first plate, a resilient element connecting the-two plates and tending to hold the second plate in a predetermined normal'relative position rotatably and axially, interengaging camming portions on the plates adapted, upon relative rotation of the second plate, to effect axial movement there of, a centrifugal inertia element adapted at varying speeds to effect relatively rotary movement of the second plate, and friction means adapted to be engaged by a portion of the secondplate to effect a braking action on the rotatable element responsive to relative axial movements of the second plate. I In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature this 25th day of July, 1929.

. F. VAN DER WOUDE.

Images