US1806089A - Dephlegmator - Google Patents

Description

May 19, 1931. J. D. SEGUY 1,806,089

DEPHLEGMATOR Filed June 21, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Z 7-1 2 6 71 f0 7 687? @6 la magi/{fag y 9, 1931. J. D. SEGUY 1,806,089

DEPHLEGMATOR Filed June 21, 192 2 Sheets-Shet 2 Patented May 19, 1931 UNITED ,STATES PATENT oFHcE JEAN DELAT'IRE SEGUY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AS8IGNOR '10 OIL PROD- UCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA DEEELEGMATOB Application filed June 21,:

This invention relates to improvements in dephlegmators. The obect of the invention isto obtain an improved form of apparatus, which will insure a more close and accurate fractionation of liquids of different boiling points. 7

In the particular form of my invention, I have shown the apparatus as applied. to a crackin process and apparatus, and will.

hereina ter describe its use, in order that its operation ma more clearly appear. It is to be understoo however, that as an apparatus it is not limited to any particular use, an the invention is in no'sense limited to the cracking of oil. I

Inthe drawings Fig. 1 is a more or less diagrammatic flow sheet showing the app1ication of the invention to a cracking process.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional elevation 11 of the dephlegmating tower.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on lines 3-3 of Fig. 2. M

Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of one of the cap members.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a furnace in which ismounted a cracking coil 2 having transfer line 3 leading toaniexpansion chamber 4, preferably located outside of the fire zone. The ex ansion chamber 4 is provided with a resi uum drawofi 5 and at its upper end a vapor outlet 6 leadin to the lower side of the dephlegmator 7. e construction of this dephlegmator which forms a n important feature of this invention, will be hereinafter more described in detail. The vapors pass out of the top of the dephlegmator through the vapor outlet pipe 8 leading to the water condenser 9 and thence to the receiver 10. The receiver 10 maybe provided with gas outlet 11 and liquid dravvofi 12. The raw oil may be fed by the raw oil pump 13 from any suitable source of supply through the line 14 through the inlet side 15 of the cracking coil. If desired, part or all of the feed oil may be fed into or near the top of the dephlegmator through the pipe 16. The lower end of the'dephlegmator is provided with the drawofi pipe 17 leading to the inlet side. of the heating coil and adapted to 1926. Serial No.'117,839.

cool both the reflux condensate and the raw charging stock.

In the line 17 is interposed a reflux pump 18, which may be by-passed if desired, as shown at 19. If desired, ressure distillate may be fed into or near t e. top of the de-- phlegmator from the receiver 10 by means of the pi e 20 and pump 21. In the various pipes erein described, are interposed suit- Y able throttle valves 22 through which the pressure may be controkled, or the by-pass lines herein referred to, sed; The arrange ment is such that if desired, a differential pressure may be obtained on variousparts of the system and 'ven quantities ofthe oil fed to given parts 0 the system, but inasmuch as these features do not form primarily the es sence of this invention, it is not thou ht necessary to describe them in detail. owever, in carrying out the process, fuel oil for example, may be fed through the heating coil an there subjected to a pressure of say 150 to 500 pounds, and thence to the expansion chamber wherethe same pressure or a reduced pressure may beemployed.

The residuum may be drawn ofifrom the bottom of the expansion chamber, and the vapors passed into the dephlegmator 7, which dephlegmator 7 may be under the same pressure as the heating coil, or the expansion chamber, or may be at a reduced pressure. The temperature of the dephlegmator may be so controlled that only the desired character of the distillate as for example, gasoline, will pass into the receiver, while the vapors of higher boiling point will condense in the dephlegmator, and be returned with the fresh charging stock to the cracking coil. While I have shown the reflux condensate as returning to the cracking coil, it may of course, be directed elsewhere.

Coming now more particularly to the structureshown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, in the inside of the dephlegmator 7 is mounted a series of spaced apart superimpomd plates 23,which plates 23 are each provided with a plurality of upstanding open ended channels or tubes 24 which extend across the area of the plate 23 as shown more clearly in Figs. 2 and 3.

dephlegmator when t larged cap member 25 which cap member 25 comprises a perforated plate 26 and a collar 27 which collar consists of a circular or upper flange 28 extending above the perforated member 26, and a lower flange 29 extending down below and surrounding the upper end of the'corresponding tube 24. The caps 25 are or may be supported above each tube 24 by a suitable supporting spider 3.0. This spider consists of say, three short arms extending upwardly around the upper end of each tube 24, suflicient to support the caps withoutin any way obstructing the vapors. Dependin from each plate 23 are a series of downwar 1y extendin open ended tubes 31, the upper ends of which .above the plate as shown at 32, and provided with the spaced cap members "33 suitably supported thereabove. The lower end of each tube 31 terminates just short of the perforated plate of the corresponding cap member.

In' carrying out the invention, as shown the vapors first pass through the tubes 24 of the lowermost plate and thence outwardly and downwardly under the'flanges 29 as shown at a. The vapors which are not condensed, then pass up throu h the tubes 24 of the next superimposed p ate. They con:

reach the top of the ose that are still vapor, pass out through the pipe 8. The reflux continue thus until they densate or the remainder of reflux condensate and raw charging stock (including pressure distillate if such is fed overhead) pass downwardly as follows At the uppermost plate the liquid will first accumulate in a small shallow pool as shown at b, and thence overflow by thev cap members 33 through the pipes 31 down onto the corresponding perforated plate 26. Through the perforations in the plate'26, the liquid will fall in a stream down onto the plate 23 just below and thence overflow through the pipes 31 as before, and so on down until the liquid reaches the bottomof the dephlegmator when it will be drawn out' through the reflux pipe 17.

The arrangement is such that the vapors do not at any time bubble up through the pools of liquid, but on the contrarly, the construction is such that the shallow iquid pool maintained in each plate 23 is sufficient to create a liquid seal on the pipes 31, thus preventing the vaporsfrom passing up throughsaid pipes 31. However, the liquid pools are not deep enough to reach the lower end of the flanges 29 of the cap members 25, and-accordingly the vapors will 'pass out through the open space between the lower end of said cap members andcorrespondin'g pool. Furthermore, the perforations on the plate 26 are of such dimensions as to maintain over said plate a depth of liquid sufiicient to prevent the liquids from passing u ward through. said perforations. The sur ace of the pool 0 tubes project slightly dephlegm separation of the various constituents of the I vapors, and the arrangement of the dephlegmator may be such that only end point gasoline passes into the receiver. It will be noted that in the present invention the vapors are passed first upwardly through the pipes 24 and thence downwardly under the caps 25. The liquid passes downwardly and insures a maximum contact between the descending streams and the vapors ascending through the ator. I claim as my invention: 1.' A dephle mator consistin of a casing,

a plurality o spaced forammated -plates mounted therein, open ended vapor pipes extending from one side of each plate, and open ended liquid pipes extending from the opposite side of each plate, the vapor pipes of one plate being in substantial alignment with the liquid pipes of the next highest plate, and for preventing the vapors passing throu h the liquid pipes.

2. n a dephlegmator, the combination with a casing, of a plurality of spaced plates mounted therein, each of said plates having a plurality of open ended upwardly projecting pipes, a cap member mounted above each of said pipes, said ca member havin a flange projectlng below an surrounding t e upper end of each of said ipes, and means for making a substantial liquid seal on the upper portion of each cap.

3. In a dephlegmator, the combinationwith a casing, of a plurality of spaced plates mounted therein, each of said p ates having open ended upwardly projecting pipes, a spaced cap member for each pipe having a depending flange surrounding the u per end thereof, each of said cap members aving a perforated top ortion.

4. In a dep legmator, the combination with a casing, of a plurality of spaced plates mounted therein, each of said plates having a plurality of open upwardly projectin pipes through which vapors ascend, means 5)! subjecting said vapors to a descending spray of liquid, and means for guiding said vapors in their travel through. said liquid s ray in a path upward over the upper rim 0 said pipe then outward and downward below the upper for subjecting said vapors from each pipe to an individual downwardly directed spray of liquid, and means for passing said va ors from each chamber to the one therea ve without bubbling through the liquid collect- 5 ing on said plates.

6. In a dephlegmator, means for 'dividing the vapors to be treated into a plu-. v rality of individual upwardly directed streams, means for subjecting each of said 10 streams to an individual downwardly directed' s ray of liquid, and means for reversing the irection of flow of said streams while within the confines of said sprays.

7. In a dephlegmator the combination 1 with a casing, of a plurahty of spaced 1i uid 7 receiving plates mounted therein divi g said casing into a plurality of chambers, means for guiding vapors from one of said chambers to the chamber thereabove in a plu 20 rality of individual streams without bubbling through the liquid on said plates, and means in the second chamber spaced below the upper plate thereof for directing an individual spray of liquid against a plurality of said :5 vapor streams.

. JEAN DELATTRE SEGUY.

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