US1805586A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

May 19, 1931.

J. LAVERGNE CARBURETOR Filed Dec. 12, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Q7 QVGF Wi Patented May 19, 1931? UNITED: OFFICE Y V wa ra pant: rams, FRANCE 7 w damn-me This invention relates to'improvementsin carburetors adapted for the proportioning of the gasoline in'the fuelmixtures employed H p in engines, and permitting to increasewithin 8 certain limits the range of avail'able= engine speeds, and to offer a torque of constant-value for each speed.;

3 The "known "carburetors vof gthis tam; prise in all cases two essential parts',;1.; e.1 a 'I 10 constant level float chamber, and one or more Sprayers; which supply the fuel to a'Venturi tube placed in the engine feeding. conduit. Such sprayersv usually consist -of a special sprayer adapted to supply air andgasoline T5 f low speeds of. the engine, and asprayer for normal functioning which supplies -gasoline at a lower level than the one'ma-intained by the float chamber. i M The operation of the sprayer will'thus' de-:. pend upon the suction (orvaouum) in the Venturi tube,whose minimumv value must be equal tothe difference in the hydrostatic pressure between the fuel .level' in the float chamber and thelevel of the air inlet orifices of the sprayer. This suction or vacuum varies with the diameter of the Venturiwtube employed, whose use thus practically determines the upper and lower speed limits for each engine, which is a'disadvantage. All such defects are obviated by my present invention, in whichI substitute for the said Venturi tube a suitable spraying device, which consists of a member'arranged perpen-t" dicular to the direction of the gas streams in the supply conduit and producing atthe rear 1 .part a suctionor vacuum into which is "caused to enter the tube feeding the airand'gasoline mixture. 1

r v By this arrangement I am enabled, in a cer- 40 tain measure, to increase the available range of the engine speeds, thus obtainingfaster and slower speeds than usual, and. providing for a constant value of the torque at each speed. 1 v p In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a horizontal section of one form of i the carburetor according to my invention, with the admission nozzle in" the horizontal position. I p Figs. 2 and 2 are end and side views sepathescreen is mounted.

I supportyl2 formed with a certain number of orifices-12a,wh1

and closed at will by'means of an arcuate 95' slot 11a in the disc 11 during movement of j j, Application filed hecember12,192'ii8erial nojaaaeoigjand in France DecemberSi, 1926.

rated fromthe apparatusof the air and fuel v device whichis secured to a' member adapted toreceive the sprayer andreadily removable. Fig. 3 shows the device for regulatin the 'r inthe tube on which flow section of thea1 ,Figs..4='and 5 show detached parts of th e device shown in Fig. 3. P a

Fig fi represents a second form of construction'ofia 'carburetorwith' two Sprayers. A W1th reference toFigs. 1 to 3, I dispose in the air intake of the carburetor l3a member 1,.which is perpendicularto: the direction of the gas streams and substantially conical in form and is mounted on the end of a suitably curved tube2;said tube. isadapted for the flow of the liquid fuel and the primary air of the carburation, and it issecured at its middle 'part to a member 8 by which it canbe mounted onthe rear part of the carburetor 13 p by the screw 4.. I I I a The member 3is provided with a tapped conduit 5 (Figs. 2jand'2) receiving v a nozzle 5 which communicates with the tube2; The

nozzle5 is of suitable shape and size; The

whole device thus secured to the main body of the carburetor is supplied with the fuel froma float-chamber 6, kn0wn per se, by

' means of the conduit 6 shown'in dotted lines in the figures Primary air and fuel are so mixedin the v tube V 2 but the vaporization of the fuel is not completed until the mixture reaches the lnterlor of the body of the carburetor.

heendSiof the tube 2, through which the air flows, isconnected by suitable piping with the conduit 7 of a device for regulating the air flow section, which is shown in Figs.,3, 41and5. The said device is usually placed within reach of the driver, and it COlIlPIlSBSQ graduated dial 9, a control lever 10, a disk llgjmovable the; lever 10, and a fixed hcan be successively opened of primary air'su'pplied'to the spraying tube and to thus regulatethe proportions of the we mixture of fuel and air, according to the temperature, the hygrornetric conditions, and the altitude at which the engine operates. The aforesaid device, comprising the member 1 with its tube and securing member, constitutes the sprayer. It is shown in two positions in Figs. 2 and 2. The device may also be used without the regulating means, and in this event I place a diaphragm of the proper size at the end 8 of the tube.

The rear part of the body 13 of the carburetor comprises a tube 15 which forms a con-. vergent nozzle and extends into the enlarged front part 14 (Fig. 1) said nozzle is provided with a certain number of longitudinal slots, and it serves to assure the constant speed of all the gas streams in the region of the plane perpendicular to the direction of the said streams. I

Between the slotted nozzle and the sprayer screen is disposed the throttle for regulating the engine speed.

The carburetor is further provided with a slow-speed spraying nozzle, known per se, as shown at 16, which need not be described.

The functioning of the said carburetor will be observed by referring to the figures.

The suction or vacuum necessary to start the carburetor is represented by the height of the liquid between the nozzle 5, and the level in the float chamber. To overcome this load (or pressure) I utilize the pressure due to the speed of the secondary air in the free passage around the member 1, as well as the suction or vacuum caused by the eddies due to this speed in the rear of the said member. V

The apparatus shown in Fig. 6 comprises a carburetor of the preceding type, together with its tube 2 and member 1 and optionally the device for regulating the primary air, and also a second carburetor of the following construction which comprises a tapering tube 17 which is supplied with air under pressure from a mechanical air delivery apparatus such as a piston compressor or a turbo-compressor; at the center of the said tube 17 is disposed a spraying device 18 whose tube has a straight form and is parallel with the direction of the flow of compressed air, and is terminated by a plane surface 19 ular to the direction of the gas streams.

This spraying device 18 is supplied with liquid fuel by a nozzle 20 screwed to the tapped conduit, and with primary air by the cai rated diaphragm 22, or by the abovementioned regulating device. g

The apparatus may be so constructed that each of the two carburetors will supply any desired proportion of fuel and air mixture; for the pressure-supplied carburetor, this proportion may range from a fraction of about to practically the whole of the fuel mixture required to supply the engine. It will be noted that in the said double carburetor with mechanical control, the air unternal passage, a constant level fuel reservoir,

a member located in the passage of the carburetor and disposed perpendicularly to the direction of flow therethrough, and means for supplying fuel to said passage at a point rearwardl of said member, with relation to the direct on of flow of fluid through the assage, a nozzle located in said passage an means for supplying air under pressure to said passage inthe vicinity of the nozzle, said nozzle. being adapted to carburete air under pressure andv said air producing a vacuum for causing delivery of fuel from said fuel supply means.

2. In a carburetor, a body having an internal passage, a constant level fuel reservoir, a member located in the passage of the carburetor ,and disposed perpendicularly .to the direction of flow. therethrough, and means for supplying fuel to said passage at .a point rearwardly of said member, with relation to the direction of flow of fluid through the passage, a nozzle located in said passage and means for supplying air under pressure to said passage in the vicinity of the nozzle, said nozzle being adapted to carburete air under pressure and saidair pro ducing a vacuum for causing delivery of fuel from said fuel supply means, a tube 10- cated insaid passage and surrounding said nozzle receiving the air under pressure, said nozzle terminating in a flat portion disposed per ndicularly to the direction of passage of uid through the carburetor.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

JEAN LAVERGNE.

perpendic

Images