US1799391A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Aprl 1931. J. P. RATHBUN 1,799,391

HEAT EXCHANGER Filed March 29, 1928 'IIIIIIIIIIIIII/l /l/Il//I/Il//Il//I/I//IY/I/I//f l/II//IIl/I/l/Il'I/A wTNEss I INVENTQR (51415. (LR Rufi\ bun 4 BY ATTONEY Patented Apr. 7, 1931 f -UNITED-;ISTA

nas

PATEN roFFIcE JOHN P. `RATHIBUN, OF MOORES, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE ELEG- TRIC 85 MANUEACTURING COMPANY, A GORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA 1 HEAT EXCHANGERH Application filed March, 1928. Serial No. 2651535.

ti i My invention relates to heat exchangersof the open type', such as jet heaters, or jet con densers, and more particul'arlyto .jet heaters for electro-Chemicalprocesses, and it has for an objectto improve theefficiency of apparatus of this character.

- In those electro-chemical processes 'which involve' electrolysis, such for example, as the electrolytic refining of 'metals, e1ectro-plato ing, and the like, it is desirable to supply electrolyte at the temperatureat which, the process may bestbe carried on. In the refinng of'copper this temperture is around 14:09

F., and, consequently some heating is re-' 15 quired. Jet he'aters have several 'characteristics which make them especiallywell suited to this work, such, for example, astheir highthermalefficiency and their capacityto cre-" ate sufficient vacuum to lift the electrolyte to the nozzle chamber, or, in other words, to pull itintoth-e heater. r i i f 4 v However, in 'these' various processes it desirable to maintain theair, -o'rsoxygen 'con:

'tent of the electrolyte as low as possible' be cause of thetendency of this gas to cause of Copper, the liberationof any appr'eciable quantity of oxygen'between the; electrodes will cause Copper building, which soon extends from oneelectrode'to another,'causing a short circuit. I

As liquicl media flows from 'a jet heaterinto a tail pipe, 'or other discharge, or outlet connection, the lines of flow necessarily converge toward the outlet, and this convergence of flow tends toproduce` an entraining action in the Vicinity of the outlet. As a result of'this action, air, oxygen, or other gaseous media in the Vicinity of the outlet is entrained to a conditions of flow. This condition' becomes evenjmore aggravated wth the occurrence of surges, or `fluctuations which leave theoutlet only partially submerged,for, when the latter condition exists', a considerable quantity of i gaseous media may be entrained during a reli atively brief interval. This entrainment of gaseous media if objectionable in various processes, such, for example, as in the electrolytic refining of copper, in which the presence metal building. For instance, in the refining greater, or less extent, depending upon the lowing descriptionand claims taken ;in con nection with the `accompanying drawings,

forming a'fpart of this'application, in which jet'heater v e u In accordance 'with myinvention,` I pro-` 'the single figure is asectionalelevation of a i e 6 vide a liquid' seal about the discharge con;

nectionto a jet heater. I have found that this i arrangement effectively` 'prevents ga's'eous a media from becoming entrainedin the liqui media discharged from the heater. V

In the drawing I show a jet mixing chanber 11 and a `collection and discharge chamber 12, the'latter having an foutlet 13' adapted to be connected to a tail e, heater, i

-dicated' generally at 10, and comprising 'a pipe, or other discharge connection (not shown). Liquid media, such as service water, which may be anelectrolytic solution, is supplied through the inlet 14 to the nozzle chamber 16 from which is pass-'es through *the n'ozzle' l'( into the mixing chaniber. 11.

Gaseous media, "such as stea n, or other heating vapor, is passed into the' mixing chamber 11 through the inlet 18, and in passing doWnwardly therethrough becomes thoroughly mixed with the liquid media'issuing from the nozzles 17, with the result` i that this heating media becomes condensed and thus, gives up its latent heat to the resulting mixture of liquid media, which latter is discharged through the convergingpassage i provided by the 'converging wa'lls' 19. ;An air and non-eondensable gas removal connection 22 may also be provided in the upper portionof the wall of the dis'charge' chamber 12 for :removing air and other non-con; V

densable gases from this chamberi.,

" 'The apparatus, thus far referred to, iswell known in the art and is, tlrierefo e,` only described; When apparatus ofthis character is used for heating a solution of electrolyte, it will readily be seen that the convergence of flow of the liquid media passing 'from the chamber 12 through the outlet 1 3 will produce an entrainngaction which will be augmented by any fiuctuations which 'leave the outlet 13 only partially submerged. In this way, air, oxygen, or other gaseous media may become entrained and I pass with the liquid media through the outlet 13 and into the tail pipe, or other discharge connection. In order to prevent oc unns orlegs 30 and 3l disposed concentr icalm ly about the outlet 13 for retaining liquid. The cowl 24 may be supported in any suitable manner as, for example by means of the supeporting strips 26 which may be made integral r with the wall 23 as shown. I also provide a number ofreinforcing webs 28 about the innei walls of thebase of the discharge chamber I for-reinforcing the latter.

, It. will be apparent that; by arranging the cowl 24 above the outlet 13, I have provided an etective means for `preventing gaseous media, which may be nthe chanber 12 above the level Ofthe liquid media therein a d pas n from be'coming entrained through the outlet 13. i

In the operation of my heater, a` solution of el'ectrolyte is passed through the inlet 14: into the nozzle chamber 16, from which itis suppliedto the nozzles 17,' and a heating niedium, such assteam, is 'passed into the mix::

ing chamber ll through the inlet 1 8. The

resulting .mixture is then discharged into the collection and discharge chajmber l where, by virtue of the'liquid seal, the entraining action of the liquid'media passing through the outlet 13 becomes inefiectiveand thus, it is assured that gaseous media, such as air and other non-condensa ble gases, will be pre- Vented from passing through the outlet 13.

It will readily be seen, therefore, thatl have provided a simple and eflicient' means for -adapting a jet heater to the service of; heating solutions, such as electrolyte, 'where the presence of any' appreciable quantty ofoccluded gases would be very detrnental.

lVhile I have shown my inventionin but one form, it will be obvousto those skilled in the art that `itis notso limited, but' is susceptible of various changes :and modifications without' dep arting from'the spirit `tl l o nd I esi h r f hatven y :such

lmitations shall be placed ther u imposed by the pror art or as are specifically set :Eorth in the appended claims.

What I' claim is l. In heating app aratus of the contact type,

the combination of a casng embodying achamberfor mixing heating media and media to be heated, a discharge chamber disposed below the mixing chamber, a circular, converging passageway depending from the mi& ing chaniberinto the dscharge chambr for conveying the commingled media thereto, an

-outlet for gaseous media provided in an upper portion of the discharge chamber, an outlet for liquid media disposed in a lower portion of the discharge chamber, and ;liquid sealing means associated with the liqu'id media outlet and disposedl within the casing forrestricting the passage ofgaseous media o sad'ga e smeda u 2. 'In heating apparatus'of the contact type,

the combnation of a casing embodyng a' m xing ,chamben an nlet `communcatng with the niging chamber for adinitting heating media thereto, a plurality of inlets disposed circumferentially about the heating media inlet 'Eoradmitting liquid media to ,be heated .to the mixingfchamber, a discharge chamber embodied in the c asing and disposed below 'the'mizing chanber a passageway depending fron the miXing chamber into the discharge chamber for conveying commingl'ed media thereto, an outlet for heatedliquid provided in a lowerportion of the discharge chainber, angoutlet for gaseous media provided in the discharge chamber and disposed lafterally of said depending passageway; and' liqud 'sealing meansassociated' with said heated liqu'id outlet and disposed within the casing for restricting the passage of gaseous media to .said gaseous media outlet;

3. In' heating apparatus. of' the contact type, the combination of ,a casing e nbodying a chamber for mixing. heating media and media". to be lieated,` clischarge cham'ber freely coinmunicating With the miri-ng chamher for receiving the' commngled media therefrom, "separate outlet means communicating'with the discharge chamber for the renioval. of gaseous media and for the remov- 'media is discharged from the' sealing means and which connects with the liquid -me dia outlet means i i Intestimony whereof, I have hereunto subs bed my na hs`2 ay cof Marc

Images