US1788293A - Fountain pen - Google Patents

Description

G. F. HAWKES Jan. 6, 1931.

FOUNTAIN PEN Filed May 17. 1929 Emmfw TN ESSES ATTORNEYS over the open end, which cap is provided with Patented Jan. 6, 1.931

,UNITED @STATES-,PATENT@ma GEORGE E. EAMES, or NEWYORK, N. Y., Assieiion E oNEfTHinii-Jo WILLIAM Y Bomen, por NEW rolex, 1v.v y. g EoUNTAI'N. EENrv Application lel` May 17,

This invention vrelates to i fountain v pens,` and has particular reference to certain 1Inprovenients in fountain pens of that type which are commonly known as safety pens.

As previously devised, this type offountain pen includes a barrel serving as an ink reservoir which is open at one end and closed at the opposite end, together with av nib carrier which permits the nib to be respectively projected from. or retracted within the barrel through theopenend, thecarrier having is projected and a cap being employed toxi'itj means for sealing said open end when' the nib is retracted. Pensof thistype also include means on the carrier Aand on an actuaL tor disposed within the' closed end of the'bar rel for effecting movement of the 'carrier to cause retraction and projection ofthe nib.

This means is usually-of the relatively rota+- able type7 such as a pin extending through the carrierand a spiral slotted portion ofthe actuator with the ends engaging in a longitndinal `slot in the barrel, together with an f externally disposed manipulator which extends through thefclosed endV of the barrel. Pens ofthe type heretofore outlined are open to certain objectionsand possess certain defects,l notably, the tendency of the same vto leak atthe point where :the externally dis posed manipulator extends through vandrotates in the barrel use. f I i ln order to overcome the'above recited disadvantages and defects, the present invention broadly comprehends in a fountain pen of the safety type, means preferably carried by the cap, which is engageable with the nib carrier through the open lend of the pen Yfor manipulating the same to effect the projection and retraction of the nib.- 4

More specifically, the invention cont-ein# n platesin a safetly pen of the samegeneral type specified, means'such as a `key which is due to wear after limited preferably carried bythe .cap 'and which. is

vadaptedto extend throughthe openend of the barrel for engagement with the nib carrier to eii'ect the projection and retraction of the uib by the actuator upon relative rotation of closed endv of' L Otherobjects of the in iurefl:

der l'which serves as 1929, serial $3,791.

manipulating means extending! through the the cap may be dispensed with,

whereby said end can be permanently sealed leakage. V

against the possibilityof y t y ventionreside inthe comparative simplicity l y produced andassembled and the general eiiiciencyl derived theren .froin. means for sealing the open end when the nib Vith the 'above recited and'other objectsin which there is zexhibited one example or em- Lbo'dimentwofL the invention, While the claims of Vconstruction and i inodeof operation of theY pen,i the economy with which `itfmay be vViena: reference`.is hadto the following de-v scriptioii jand'accompanying drawings', in

the'invention,` illustrating the nib retracted and the cap applied'.v

Figure 2 is a similar view with the nib projected andthe cap removed.

' Figure 3 is a' longitudinal sectional view 'throughf the cap removed `from the barrel. j Figurea is a `transverse sectional view taken approximately on-the `line yindicated at Y 4`4 iii-Figure l.

Figure is aY similarview taken approximately ontheline' indicated atVI--cin Fig- Referring@ the.'amwingsbyiCharacters' of reference;lO'designates tliebarrel or body :of the 'pen whichfis of y elongated 'tubular formation and which is 'provided with an open end 11i-having 'a reduced internal diameter l2 defining an internal frnsto-c'onical shoula valve seat. jTh e outer end of the barrel isformed with an external frustofco'nica'l wall 174 also serving as a'valve seat. The opposite end 15 of the barrell() is closed inl any 'suitable plug.- 16 threaded"thereinto;f'l The plug carries -acylindrical sleeve 17 whichprojects axially manner, Asuch as by a inward of the'barrel and said sleeve is de- .signed 3to receive and guide the;` rear end 18' ofa nib'carrier 19; The 'nib carrier may have :integrally formed 'therewith "or Y'otherwise provided, a feed pieceor element 20- ofthe too f conventionaltype, over which the nibz21 is arranged and held in place by a collar 22, it being understood that the nib and feed piece extend beyond the collar. For the major portion of its length, the collar isof a diameter approximately equal to -theredu'ced diameter12 atgtlie open end of .thepenbarrel. At its rear end, however, the collar is provided with an enlarged outer peripheral flange' 23v deiining ati-its' juncti'irewith the ina` jor portionof the sleeve, afwfrustoconical shoulder 24 constituting a y'valveV portion which is adapted to seat against the internal shoulder or valve seat 13 ofthe pen barrel for establishing a .seal Vatthis point to `prevent leakage when the nib is projected to the p en barrel through the fopen end 11', a radial.

inwardly projecting pin'26V is provided adjacent the free end of the sleeve 17, and said pin cooperates with Va spiral groove 27cut ,or otherwise formed in the rear end-of the carrier. Obviously, relative rotation of the barrel and carrier 19 dueJto'the pinrand groove .connection will effect laxial movement .of said-barrel and carrier. In'` theY instant ease, the; means for holding lthe vcarrier against rotation while rotating'the barrel, which isthe preferred manner. of operating the pen, or if desired,i`or rotating the carrier while ,holding the barrel stationary, consists ot a key or'pin 28 Whichis'inserted through` the open end. oi the barrel and which isdej signed to be received by a kleywaymr' socket 29 formed in the carrier. ,The keyandkeyf .waymust of necessity be ,of neng-,circular Jior- Vmation. and, as l`speciiicallyillustrated,the

key' and keyway are disclosed as cfa square shape incross 'section'. The key or pinV 28 j barrelgwhen the threads 32 have been-.,com-V `is preferably `rigidly Aanchored tothe pen-.cap 3 0 and projects axially thereof from'the iiitermediate solid portion 31 of the-same.l "The .canV 3G Ais/pio Yided withinternal threads 82 which yare designed' tomate with the ekternal threads 33 on the barrel, whereby the capis retained in .place thereon'. `As isfcustoinary rin fountainpensof the safety type, the1cap is provided with avalveelement 34 which Vprotrudes from the, solid portion 31 oftherfcapg @and which'isadapted to` yseat' on `the rustolconical end wall'jlllof the open Vend 11 ofthe pletely screwed home on .the threadsiw'lli capV 30. inY the .present 'instance may Vbe profvided witha sofcket 35 which is designed to ,affordimeanswhereby the cap-mayl be assoo the vbarrel and cap. -i'espectivelyciated with the closed end of'thebarrel when the pen is in active use.V In view of the fact that the key or pin 28 may be inserted in the keyway or socket 29 in a plurality ofdit`- Jerent relative positions, it is obvious that a number of threads 32fand corresponding to the number ofpositions in which the key may be inserted inthe keyway, must be pro- Y i vided and accordingly, as illustrated,- tour sets of threadsv VSZeiitl 33am provided to'insure proper engagement of the cap threads with the barrel threads, irrespective of the position inV which the key is inserted in the keyWX- 1.

i lnview the Vfactthat the threads 32 and 33 havea pitchfwhich does notmake for .rapideeding or relativeP movement of' the parts, the spiral groove 27 isformepd with a setotV convolutions 27a u-'liicheoriespond to thevpitch of the ,threads 82 and 33 and with .a separate set oieconvolutions 27 b whichl are of a greater pitch. than the yconvolutioiis 27a. This, therefore,V permits .the carrier-19 and nib-'to be rapidly-projvected'aiiter the threads 82 'and'A 33 havebeen disengaged, it being understood that vduring the'finitial. projectinfr@ operation the movement ot the nib coincides with'the relative/movement of the barrel .with respect .to the cap. Likewise,

in retracti'ng` the nib within the barrel, the Vinitial retracted movement isV more. rapid 'than the subsequent -movementafter the threads 32 and 33 engage.

y ln operation, .with thepen in closed condition, as illustrated in Figure 1, the user preferably grasps and holds the cap BOstaclockwise direction, asviewed from the bot tom end'. This motion` causes the sleeve 17 'which turnstherewith to'inove the pin 26 in the convolutions 270%of ythe spiral groove.

ytionary andlrotates the barrel ina counter- Y I 27, effecting an outward aXial inovenient'oi the VVVcarrier lQ'and pen nibj21, at the saine time unscrewingthe threads32 andr83 on cap and barrel threads 32 and 33 are disengaged, Athe pin 26 entering the convolutioiis 27o of the spiral groove 2?*orcesthe pen vWhen the l barrel 10 away from theicap and downward-` vly; with respect to the actuatori19 -which is ield against rotation by the key 28 engaging .in the keyway 29. Obviously, the downward movement of the barrel 1G exposes the nib v2l .until the internal shoulder or seat 13- engages. the truste-conical should-er or valve element 24.01z the collar 22.Y The user has Vthen only to separate the .cap and barrel toV have 4the* pen in condi-tionfor activeuse forvr Thesocketed endV 35 of the cap Y writing. may then be teles-c,opically arranged over the closed-end ofthebarrel. .Nith the cap removed and the pen vin writing condition as illustrated in Figure 2,lthe `pen may be closed by engaging the cap over the nib end.,

at which time. the'key .or Vpin 28 enters the keyivayior socket 29. The operation. is -reversed and the barrel is turned vin a clockwise direction', as viewed from'the bottom of Figure 2. The cap is held stationary and by rotating the barrell the actuator pin26 of the sleeve 17 follows the convolutions 27?) of the spiral groove 27 ,j causing the barrel to? move rapidly into the cap until it vreaches the point Where the threads 32 and 3 3 reengage. At this point, the pin'passes fromv the convolutions27?) to theconvolutions 27a so that the remaining turning movement ofthe barrel effects a relative movementAo-t the same with respect to the cap coincident with the screwingoperationof the threads.

32 and 33.' This movement finally causes the valve element 34 toseat on? the frustoconical end ll of the barrel whereby 'the penis in a closed sealed condition. yObviously, this construction and Varrangement `avoids the necessity of having a rotating eletion which permits the removal .of thejcap so that the barrel ofthe'pen can then be filled With ink by introducing 'the sameV through the upper open end of the barrel.

After theilling operatiom it is, of course,

understood that the cap and barrel are again associated With the key extending into the'keyvvay 290i the carrier andthe pen is either projected orretracted as desired. In order to set up a suilicient rictionvbetween the rear end 18 of the carrier and the. sleeve 17,- the said sleeve'may be provided With longitudinally extending circumferentiallyVV spaced slits 37' providing therebetrveen'portions which may be inherently deflected to produce a'tension between the inner pe riphery of the sleeve andthe ery of the rear enjd 18d. f Y

In view of the fact that a small quantity of ink may adhere to the key 28, a depresouter periphsion or pocket 38 is Vformed in the valve 34 at the point Where the key 28 projects therefrom. 'Ihis will prevent ink `Which adheres to the key from spreading over the seating face of the valve; Y v l Y w The innermost terminal 2700i the convolutions 275 of the spiral groove 27 is of a lesser pitch or practically straight so that the pressure exerted on the pen nib 'When writing prevents any possibility of inward movement of the carrier and resulting leak'- including a barrel having an open end and a closed sealed-end and having an external thread adjacent its open end; a cap having `internal threadsadapted to engage the eX- external seat 13.,

' What is claimed is:

Y 1.xIn` a 4fountain penfofpthe safetyvtype Whichincludes abarrelhaving a closed end j andan open end, provided With an internal vvalve seat7 a nib, a. nib carrier having afvalve shoulder and a spiral groove, a radialpin carried by and disposedvvithin the 'barrel operative to move the nib respectively'to projected and retracted positions uponrelative rotation ofthe barrel and carrier'vvhereby to respectively seat and unseat the valve shoul- Vage loetvveenv the va1veshoulder24and the derWith respect to the internal valve seat; 'A Y means insertable through the open end of the; barreland engageable With the lcarrier, to

keftect said vrelative rotation, said means con# sisting of a keyso nongrcircularcro'sfs sectional shapeand a socketedportion of thecarrier of `a Vcrosssectional shape corresponding to ,thefkey f and adapted` to: receive the same.l

2. Inga fountain peny including a: barrel i `constitutingan inkreservoir having a-closed end anda-rippen endprovided With an 1n ternal valve seat, a nib, a nib carrier having a valve shoulder'and mounted for axial move- `mentl Within the barrel t0 move the nib through the open end respectively to' pro-- jected and-retracted positions and to seat and unseat the valve shoulder, coacting devices -on the barrelandcarrier forgeecting relative Vaxial movements thereof upon relative rotation stherebetiveen,y a cap and coacting meanson the cap and carrier for `manipulat-v ing. the pen to effect theactuation of the enacting devices ron said barrel an'd'carrier, said means consisting of akey carried bythe cap and an axially socketed portion of the nib carriery Withinv which the Vkey is engage-V able Jfor turning Athe same. v 3. In a fountain-penoffthe safetytype includingV a barrel having an openend anda closedfsealed' end and having anexternal thread adjacent its open end; a cap having internalVthreadsadapted'to engage the eX- ternallyl threaded portion of the barrel and provided'wvith a valve adapted to seal the yo enrend ot' the barrel the combination with a `nib carrier having a spiral groove'and'a Vv radial inwardly projecting pin on the barrel coactinG' With `said s iral Groove toeffect `upon'frelative rotation kof the barrel andrcarlriez; axial relative'movements of thelnib car rierf and barreh' said nib carrier groovefinv'cluding convolutions 'coinciding .with the pitch oi'fthe barrel'and cap engaging threads and `convolutions oi'greater pitch than said barrel andcap engaging,threads-l5A 4. In a 'fountain pen ofthe safety type ternally. threaded portion oli-'the barrel and vprovided with avvalve adapted toseal the vopen Yend of .thefbarreljthe combination with a nib carrier having a spiral groove and a radial inwardly projectingpin on the barrel coacting3 with said spiral groove4 to effect Vupon'relative rotation of the barrel Vand carrier, axialrelative movements of the nib vcarrierand harreh. saidV nib carrier groove including convolutions coinciding with the pitch of the barrel and cap engaging threads and convolutions of greater pitch'th'an said barrel and cap engaging threads'and coacting'means carried respectively by the cap and -thenib carrier to efectrelative rotation between said carrier and barrel upon relative rotation of the cap and barrel.

5. :In a fountain pen ofthe safety type Vwhich inclu-des a barrel having'a closed end anden open end providedwith an internal valvefseat, a nih, a nih carrierhaving a valve Yshoulder and a spiral groovera radial pin carried by and disposed within the barrel opera` Y tive to move the nibrespectivelyto .projected respect to the internal valve seat nieansinand retracted positions upon relativerotation of the barrel andrarrier whereby to respec-r tively seatand unseatthevalve shoulderi with i -sertable through the open endo-f ,the barrel adapted rtoi'eceive thesanie, the said nib carand engageable with the carrier to' effect said relative rotation, .said means consisting of a lrey of non-circular cross sectional shape and a socketed portion of the carrier Yof a cross sectional shape corresponding to the key and rier groove jhaving ,its inner extremity of lesser pitch than the pitch` of the remaining 4convolutions for,preve1iting movement of the .carrier by the writing pressure of the nih.

6. In a fountain pen of theV safety type which includes a barrel having a closed end and an open end provided with an internal valve sea@ anib,`a nib carrier having a valve ,shoulder and a spiral groove. a radial pin carried by and disposed within the barrelropeiative to move the nib respectively to projected and retractedV positions upon relative rotation of the barrel and Vcarrier whereby to respectively. seatand unseat the Vvalve shoul` der withrrespect to the internal valveY seat; means insertable through the open end of the barrel and engageable with the carrier toef- 'Y feet said relative rotationi said'means con` sisting of a key of non-circular crosssectional" #shape and a socketed portion of the carrier ofaV cross sectional shape corresponding to the K `liey and'adap'ted to receive the same, the said nib carrier groove havin-g its inner extremity of such a Apitchras to prevent'inwardmove nient of the'carrier by theivritingpressure.

7. In a fountain pen of the safetyv type including'a barrel having an` open end Aand a closed sealed end and having an external thread adjacent its ,openl end; a capfhaving end of the barrel;k the combination with a nib carrier having a spiral groove and aradial inwardly projectingpin on the barrel coact-` ing with said spiral groove to .effectff upon relative rotation `ofthe barrel and carrier,V

8. In ay fountain of the safety type includinga barrel having an openendgand a closed sealed endV and having an external thread adjacent its open1 kend a :cap .having internal: threads adapted Ltoenga'ge the -eX- ternally threaded portion of tliebarrel and provided with a valveadaptedf-to seal `the open end., of the-harrel,the comhin-ation-witlr a n ib carrier Lhaving a spiral'grooveand a radial inwardly projecting pin on the barrel coacting with said spiral groove to effect `uponrelative rotation of'thevbarrel'andrarrier, axialrelative movements of thejnib carrier and barrel, said nib carrier groove including convolutions coinciding with the pitch of the barrel and cap-engaging threads and lconvolutions of greater pitch than said barreland cap engaging threads an dcoacting means carried respectively by the cap and the nib carrier to effect relative .rotation between said carrier and barrel upon relative rotation of the cap and barrel, said means consisting of-a multi-faced axially projecting keyV on the cap Vand .a multiffaced axial socket'in the nib carrier and said enacting cap and/parallel threads being equal in number to the number` of position-s in .which the key and socketY may he interengaged. Y 1 v u Signed at New Yorkjin. the county ofNew York and Sta-te of New York this j l-5tl i day of May,1929. Y v

- IjIr-UVKES.;y

internal threadsadapted to'engage the'fexternally .threaded portion kof the barrel and Y' provided withaffvalve adapted to sealtheopen Liza

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