US1784747A - Fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

FUEL BURNER Filed Nov. 1, 1928 Patented Dee. 9, 1930,`

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcs Bam-To Pnom'no'n, or nms'rlmr, Naan. manne, annum :man summa Application nea november 1, ma, serial no. 316,489', and m eenimy november s, mv.

Liquid fuels in trade or industrial workprises the annular burner cup wwhich is ings or on shi s are burnt now almost. exclusively in nozz e burners. As the nozzlesare easily choked by impurities in the fuel, they require careful attention. The burning 'of cheap non-purified oils in nozzle burners is` impossible. 'Owing to the great quantit of air required for atomization of the nozzle burners alwa s work with a large excess of air, where y the eiliciency is reduced and in .boiler installations or industrial melting installations, oxidation of the material heated is assisted.

In the hitherto known oil firing devices utilizing` an open burning cup, uctuation of the oil level produces an irregular gasifica tion andtherefore bad combustion, and

therefore for portable installations, for instance as employed on ships or locomotives, such devices are unsuitable. The direction of burning of the flame is determined only by the horizontal position of the oil`leve1.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks. The flame can be introduced into the furnace combustion chamber in any desired direction. Due to gyratory movement of the burner cup, either individually or conjointly with the air inlets, a thorough mixing of gas and air takes place, ensuring high eiiiciency of the oil firing installation, and high flame temperature.. Any heavyA oils, non-purified waste oils or even fuels in the formof dust, can be burnt. The construction of this novel-oil',firingl installation can be of the mostvariedfkinds. Two constructions are illustrated by way of examplein the accompanying drawing. Figure l'shows a burner installation in which theainrequired is supplied by a separate fan, whilst in the installation illustrated Figure 2 the' requiredV air-'is drawn in through the burner cup" for-med into a fan and forcedinto the combustion chambenf The oil burner shown in I iigure 1 comsecured to thespindle b. The spindle b is journalled in the machine casing and is preferably driven by an electric motor c located fadjacent one end'thereof. The opposite end .50

'of the spindle is fitted within a hub b extending from the burner cup a, this hub being uel,-, drilled to receive a pipe cates with the hollow interior of the spindle b. The oil is conveyed by means of the pump e through the hollow spindle b and the pipe f into the burner cup a. 'Through the branch g is admitted the air under pressure which flows as atomizing air through the nozzles k, and as additional air for como bustion, through the nozzles i. The supply of air is regulated'by means of the throttle valve j. Any overflowing oil is caught by the cup k and returned through the discharge ipe Z tothe fuel tank. Inspection holes or 5 and holes are marked n.

j In Figure 2, .o is the burner cup, p the spindle, g the motor, r the pump, s the oil ipe, t the air suction holes, u the fan blades or the gasifying air, /v the fan blades for the additional combustion air, w the nozzles for the Uasifying air, and the nozzles :for the com ustion air. The regulation of the air is e'ected b means of the slide valve y.

f which communi- The workmg of the oil burner is as follows:

f The burner cu a, Figure 1, when at rest is'illed with oi through the lateral han holesw..- After the oil has been i the burner cup heated to a-suiiicient extent, .gthemotor o is started. Owing to the cen- 80 'trifugal'.force, -the oil-visuniformly distrib-` uted over -the whole burner cup. l

'y More oil and air is then sup lied. The air escaping from'the inner. nozz e openings h, v.passes over the fuelsurface and gasifies the A35 oil.l The gas mixture current enteringv throug Owing to the rotary motion of the nozzles and of the gas current, a thorough eddying orv -mixing takes place, whereby the gas burns;I

'ted, and

asses into the air the outer nozzles.

with a high temperature. The gyra movement of the gas-air mixture 1s transmitted to the ame, owing to which a strong transmission of heat to the surrounding boiler or furnace parts is ensured, and therefore a high efficiency of the furnace.

The regulation of the flame is effected by a correspondingly greater or smaller oil and air supply. The' more oil is supplied, the `greater becomes the fuel surface, and the stronger the gasification.

A particularly easy and uniform gasification is obtained in this novel oil burner due to the fact that the s ecifically lighter fuel particles are always orced bythe centrifugal force inward towards the surface so that they become easily and uniformly gasiied. The newly supplied cold fuel particles are specifically heavier and will always be disposed round the outside of the burner cup, arriving at the inner surface only after a radual heating. In the hitherto known o1l liring installations having open burner cups the newl admitted fuel owing to the speed of its in ow, is always initially projected to tle surface and the gasification is then irreguar. If the burner is to be stopped, it is merely necessary to shut of the supply of oil. When all the oil in the cup is burnt, the motor o can be stopped.

The vworking of the firing installation according to Fi ure 2 is similar to that shown in Figure 1. W ilst in Figure l, the air is supplied by a separate fan, in Fi re 2 the burner cup is made at-the same tlme into a fan. Namely the atomizing air as well as the additional combustion air is Vdrawn through the ting I vand more readily gasifiable particles of fuel only are subjected to the action of the impinging blast of air, said means comprising a fan and a plurality of outwardl directed nozzles locate within said cup an rotatable therewith, and means disposed outwardlyof said cup and carried thereby for directing additional air currents into the gasified fuel discharged-from the cup.

Intestimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

` BRUNO PECKELHOFF.

built-in fan blades and supplied to the combustion chamber.

Havin thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fuel burner, the combination with a rotating annular cup of substantially U shaped cross-section having the legs of the U directed toward the axis of rotation of the cup for receiving and retaining liquid fuel therein, of means for causin a blast of air to impinge on the surface of t e fuel to effect gasification of the same, whereby the lighter and more readily-gasifable particles of fuel only are subjected to the action of the impinging blast of air, said means comprising a fan and a lurality of outwardl directed nozzles locslted) within said cup an rotatable therewit 2. In a fuel burner, the combination with a rotating annular cup of substantially U shaped cross-section having the legs of the U directed toward the-axis of rotation of the cup for receiving and retaining liquid fuel therein, of means for causing a blast of air to impinge on the surface of the fuel to effect gasification of the same, whereby the lighter

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