US1781051A - Refrigeration - Google Patents
Refrigeration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1781051A US1781051A US141857A US14185726A US1781051A US 1781051 A US1781051 A US 1781051A US 141857 A US141857 A US 141857A US 14185726 A US14185726 A US 14185726A US 1781051 A US1781051 A US 1781051A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- evaporator
- refrigeration
- methylene chloride
- refrigerant
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/02—Refrigerant pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/21—Evaporators where refrigerant covers heat exchange coil
Definitions
- This invention relates to refrigeration and has for an object to provide an improved method of refrigeration, which will have a definite and uniform and dependable performance; according'to which the apparatus required may be reduced to a minimum; and which will be relatively simple, compact, efficient, and economical in operation, and inexpensive.
- an evaporator'l, condenser 2 and compressor 3 are connected inf series with one another by pipes 4, 5 and 6,
- Pipes 7 and 8 leading to the condenser' provide a cooling medium for cooling and condensing the compressed vapor 'drawn from the evaporator by the compressor 3.
- the liquid refrigerant delivered to the evaporator 1 from the condenser may be given a local circulation through the evaporator when the evapor'ator'is of the unsubmerged type, as shown, In the unsubmerged type.
- the evaporator may contain a plurality of pipes through which the liquid to be cooled is circulated, and a, suitable device 10 supplies the liquid refrigerant continually to the pipes to fiow in a thin film th'ereover.
- the supply device 10 may be suppliedwith the liquid refrigerant through a pipe 11 leading from the circulating pump 12, whichis in turn connected by pipe 13 to the lower part of the evaporator.
- the lower part of the evaporator may serve as a reservoir forthe excessrefrigerant, so that the spray de- "samples of the pheric vice and circulating pump will be continuously supplied under all operation conditions, and the quantity of refrigerant circulated locally in the evaporator is always considerably in excess of the amountbeing evaporated.
- the vapors from the evaporator are drawn off by the pipe 4, compressed in the compressor 3, and continued through pipe 5 to the condenser where they are cooled and liquefied.
- the refrigerant used is methylene chloride, having the formula CHgCl-g-
- the commercial methylene chloride inaddition to pure methylene chloride, contains higher and lower chlorinated products of this series of compoundswhich affect the temperatures between which it boils. For example, some commercial product at atmospressure begin boiling at 105 F. and finish at about-150 F., the constituents having the lower boiling points evaporating first, leaving behind those with higherv boiling points. The more readily vaporized portions would be evaporated first to a greater extent than the others, and their vapors would in use bereducedin proportion to the others, by leakage ⁇ and by loss with purged air. Consequently, the minimum boiling point of the refrigerant would gradually increase during use, diminishingthe relative refrigerating capacity of the compressor, un-
- a process of refrigeration which comprises evaporating, compressing by centrifugal action, and condensing methylene chloride under pressures not materially exceeding approximately atmospheric pressure.
Description
Patented Nov. 11, 1930 UNljTEl) STATES- PATENT OFFICE WILLIS H. 'oARRIER, 0E ESSEX FELLS, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNoR r0 CARRIER ENGINEER- ING CORPORATION, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY REFRIGERATION Applicationfiled October 15, 1926. Serial No. 141,857.
This invention relates to refrigeration and has for an object to provide an improved method of refrigeration, which will have a definite and uniform and dependable performance; according'to which the apparatus required may be reduced to a minimum; and which will be relatively simple, compact, efficient, and economical in operation, and inexpensive.
Various other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention and the novel 'feature sfwill be particularly pointed out hereinafter in connection with the appended claims.
The accompanying drawing illustrates diagrammatically a simple system constructed in accordance w th this nvention.
p In the illustrated dlagrammatie embodiment of the invention, an evaporator'l, condenser 2 and compressor 3 are connected inf series with one another by pipes 4, 5 and 6,
so as to form a closed circuit through which a refrigerant may be circulated. Pipes 7 and 8 leading to the condenser'provide a cooling medium for cooling and condensing the compressed vapor 'drawn from the evaporator by the compressor 3.
The liquid refrigerant delivered to the evaporator 1 from the condenser may be given a local circulation through the evaporator when the evapor'ator'is of the unsubmerged type, as shown, In the unsubmerged type. the evaporator may contain a plurality of pipes through which the liquid to be cooled is circulated, and a, suitable device 10 supplies the liquid refrigerant continually to the pipes to fiow in a thin film th'ereover.
The supply device 10 may be suppliedwith the liquid refrigerant through a pipe 11 leading from the circulating pump 12, whichis in turn connected by pipe 13 to the lower part of the evaporator. The lower part of the evaporator may serve as a reservoir forthe excessrefrigerant, so that the spray de- "samples of the pheric vice and circulating pump will be continuously supplied under all operation conditions, and the quantity of refrigerant circulated locally in the evaporator is always considerably in excess of the amountbeing evaporated.
The vapors from the evaporator are drawn off by the pipe 4, compressed in the compressor 3, and continued through pipe 5 to the condenser where they are cooled and liquefied.
The refrigerant used is methylene chloride, having the formula CHgCl-g- The commercial methylene chloride, inaddition to pure methylene chloride, contains higher and lower chlorinated products of this series of compoundswhich affect the temperatures between which it boils. For example, some commercial product at atmospressure begin boiling at 105 F. and finish at about-150 F., the constituents having the lower boiling points evaporating first, leaving behind those with higherv boiling points. The more readily vaporized portions would be evaporated first to a greater extent than the others, and their vapors would in use bereducedin proportion to the others, by leakage {and by loss with purged air. Consequently, the minimum boiling point of the refrigerant would gradually increase during use, diminishingthe relative refrigerating capacity of the compressor, un-
less the losses were replaced assoon as they occur. With the refined product, from which the higher and lower chlorinated products have largely been removed, the range of boiling points is small, and hence this capacity diminuation is so slight as practically to be negligible. These other higher and lower chlorinated products are preferablyfirst removed from the commercial product, pref-i erably by distillation, so as to obtain a refined, fairly pure product which is very uniform in quality and possesses a very definite and practically invariable boiling point. This refined. product will boil between apcondensing and returning to the circulation, the evaporated methylene chloride vapors.
6. The process of refrigeration which comprises passing methylene chloride as a film over unsubmerged evaporating surfaces, causing evaporation of such film, compressing by centrifugal action the evaporated vapors, condensing the compressed vapor and returning the condensed vapor as a film to said surfaces.
7. A process of refrigeration which comprises evaporating, compressing by centrifugal action, and condensing methylene chloride under pressures not materially exceeding approximately atmospheric pressure.
, WILLIS H. CARRIER.
Dec. 2, 1930 R. F. COWELL SHOCK INSULATED UNION AND PIPE STRAP Filed 001:. 2. 1928 PW ATTOQNEYS.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US141857A US1781051A (en) | 1926-10-15 | 1926-10-15 | Refrigeration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US141857A US1781051A (en) | 1926-10-15 | 1926-10-15 | Refrigeration |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1781051A true US1781051A (en) | 1930-11-11 |
Family
ID=22497567
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US141857A Expired - Lifetime US1781051A (en) | 1926-10-15 | 1926-10-15 | Refrigeration |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1781051A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2858355A (en) * | 1952-08-16 | 1958-10-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrical apparatus |
US3095255A (en) * | 1960-04-25 | 1963-06-25 | Carrier Corp | Heat exchange apparatus of the evaporative type |
US3242689A (en) * | 1964-03-13 | 1966-03-29 | Worthington Corp | Cooling system and apparatus |
US3258933A (en) * | 1964-10-08 | 1966-07-05 | Carrier Corp | Refrigeration |
US4015439A (en) * | 1975-06-02 | 1977-04-05 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Cooling process for subambient and above ambient temperatures |
US4251998A (en) * | 1979-02-16 | 1981-02-24 | Natural Energy Systems | Hydraulic refrigeration system and method |
US5056323A (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1991-10-15 | Natural Energy Systems | Hydrocarbon refrigeration system and method |
-
1926
- 1926-10-15 US US141857A patent/US1781051A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2858355A (en) * | 1952-08-16 | 1958-10-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrical apparatus |
US3095255A (en) * | 1960-04-25 | 1963-06-25 | Carrier Corp | Heat exchange apparatus of the evaporative type |
US3242689A (en) * | 1964-03-13 | 1966-03-29 | Worthington Corp | Cooling system and apparatus |
US3258933A (en) * | 1964-10-08 | 1966-07-05 | Carrier Corp | Refrigeration |
US4015439A (en) * | 1975-06-02 | 1977-04-05 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Cooling process for subambient and above ambient temperatures |
US4251998A (en) * | 1979-02-16 | 1981-02-24 | Natural Energy Systems | Hydraulic refrigeration system and method |
US5056323A (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1991-10-15 | Natural Energy Systems | Hydrocarbon refrigeration system and method |
WO1992000494A1 (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1992-01-09 | Natural Energy Systems, Inc. | Single and multistage refrigeration system and method using hydrocarbons |
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