US1777446A - Bleaching or decolorizing of clay or other minerals - Google Patents
Bleaching or decolorizing of clay or other minerals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1777446A US1777446A US257108A US25710828A US1777446A US 1777446 A US1777446 A US 1777446A US 257108 A US257108 A US 257108A US 25710828 A US25710828 A US 25710828A US 1777446 A US1777446 A US 1777446A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- clay
- acid
- per cent
- minerals
- bleaching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title description 30
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 15
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006066 Comins reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011124 aluminium ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011127 sodium aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/10—Eliminating iron or lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
- C04B33/06—Rendering lime harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/30—Drying methods
Definitions
- the present invention is based upon the observation that by the employment of solua tions of soluble. salts (polyvalent' metals yielding colorless compounds with acidic radicles which are non-chromophoric and of which the acid radicles do not form insoluble iron compounds) in the washing of the association with the clay or other mineral as well as in the water used for washing the bleached clay or other mineral.
- solua tions of soluble. salts polyvalent' metals yielding colorless compounds with acidic radicles which are non-chromophoric and of which the acid radicles do not form insoluble iron compounds
- Thepresence of the salt in the bleaching liquid and in the water used for washing may BLEACHING OR DECOLORIZING OF CLAY OBI. OTHER MINERALS or by securing the formation of the desired salt in the liquid or water, for instance by .of the invention.
- salts of metals are not suitable for thepurposes
- the effect of a given molecular proportion of a salt of metal required would appear to depend on the valency of the positive ion;
- sulphate A of alumina for instance alumina-ferric or potassium, sodium or ammonium alums may be conveniently employed.
- E wample I 7 China clay containing 0.133 per cent. of ferric oxide as coloring matter is bleached in the form of a suspension containing 28.6 per cent. of clay and 0.65 per cent. of sulphurous acid. The suspension is then filtered and the clay washed on the filter at first with a 0.9
- the weight of potassium alum solution used being 40 per cent. of the .dry weight of the clay and the weight of the Wash water subsequently used being per cent. of the dry weight of the clay. In this way 99.5 per cent. of the iron present as coloring matter was separated from the .particular clay treated.
- Example I I .per cent. ofclay, 0.17 per cent. of sulphurous acid and 0.13 per cent. of commercial 14 per cent. sulphate of alumina.
- the suspension was filtered and the clay washed with a 1.16 per cent. solution of sulphate of alumina followed by water to which no addition had been made.
- the weight of sulphate of alumina solution used was 40 per cent. of the dry weight of the clay and the Weight of the wash water was, as in the preceding example, 120 per cent. of the dry weight of the clay. In this manner 96.6'per cent. of the iron present als coloring matter was separated from the c ay.
- the clay can be substantially neutralized by washing with water alone but if desired neutralization of any acid in the clay may be e'fiec'tedby the addition of alkali, for instancecaustic soda, sodium carbonate or lime, to the wash water.
- alkali for instancecaustic soda, sodium carbonate or lime
- K i Generally speaking, the greater the quan tity of iron in the clay the greater should be thequant-ity'of aluminium or other salt used in washing.
- weight of the dry weight subsequently with water per cent. by weight of the moved by treatment with an acid which comprises subjectingthe tion of an acid under tering the material of a polyvalent metal and an acid.
Description
I Patented Oct. 7, 1930 UNIT D STATES THOM S WEBSTER PARKER, '01 rLmr'roN, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR 5110 THE DARTMOOR C'EINA CLAY COMPANY, LIMITED, or PLYMPTON, ENGLAND No Drawing. Application filed February 25, 1928, Serial No. 257,108, and in Great Britain February This invention relates to the bleaching or decolorizing of clay or other mineralscontaining in their naturalstate iron compounds adapted to be partially removed by treatment with an acid. g
It has been found that in bleaching or de-' colorizing clay and other minerals of the character in question by the use of acid alone or in conjunction With a reducing agent and subsequent washing, the reduction of the iron content ot the material to a degree which will render the samefsuitable for a variety of industrial purposes is impossible; for instance, v
by treating a sample of china clay containingv 0.13 per cent. of ferric oxide with acidanda reducing agent, filtering and washing with Water, the bleached suspension containing 28.6 per cent. of clay and 0.65per cent. of sulphurous acid, only 82 per cent, of the iron washing with water did not reduce the iron content ofthe clay.
The present invention is based upon the observation that by the employment of solua tions of soluble. salts (polyvalent' metals yielding colorless compounds with acidic radicles which are non-chromophoric and of which the acid radicles do not form insoluble iron compounds) in the washing of the association with the clay or other mineral as well as in the water used for washing the bleached clay or other mineral.
Thepresence of the salt in the bleaching liquid and in the water used for washing may BLEACHING OR DECOLORIZING OF CLAY OBI. OTHER MINERALS or by securing the formation of the desired salt in the liquid or water, for instance by .of the invention.
was separated from the clay and further clay subsequent to its having been treated with an acid alone or in association with a bleaching agent the removal of iron from the ATENT OFFICE besecured by introducing the salt as such into the liquid or the water, as the case may be,
the addition of an oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of a suitable metal orthe metal itself if necessary together with acid to the Water or the liquid.
' As will be understood, salts of metals, the acid radicles of which form insoluble iron compounds, are not suitable for thepurposes The effect of a given molecular proportion of a salt of metal required would appear to depend on the valency of the positive ion;
the higher the valency of the ion the smaller the proportion of the salt or other compound required to ensure a particular degree of removal of iron from the clay.
As above indicated, generally speaking, the
presence of aluminium salts in the liquid or washing water is to be preferred and sulphate A of alumina, for instance alumina-ferric or potassium, sodium or ammonium alums may be conveniently employed.
The following particulars are given by way of example to illustrate suitable methods of carrying the invention into effect and the results achieved in particular cases.
E wample I 7 China clay containing 0.133 per cent. of ferric oxide as coloring matter is bleached in the form of a suspension containing 28.6 per cent. of clay and 0.65 per cent. of sulphurous acid. The suspension is then filtered and the clay washed on the filter at first with a 0.9
per cent. solution of potassium alum and then with water to which no alum had been added,
the weight of potassium alum solution used being 40 per cent. of the .dry weight of the clay and the weight of the Wash water subsequently used being per cent. of the dry weight of the clay. In this way 99.5 per cent. of the iron present as coloring matter was separated from the .particular clay treated.
Example I I .per cent. ofclay, 0.17 per cent. of sulphurous acid and 0.13 per cent. of commercial 14 per cent. sulphate of alumina. The suspension was filtered and the clay washed with a 1.16 per cent. solution of sulphate of alumina followed by water to which no addition had been made. The weight of sulphate of alumina solution used was 40 per cent. of the dry weight of the clay and the Weight of the wash water was, as in the preceding example, 120 per cent. of the dry weight of the clay. In this manner 96.6'per cent. of the iron present als coloring matter was separated from the c ay. After the extraction of the iron is completed the clay can be substantially neutralized by washing with water alone but if desired neutralization of any acid in the clay may be e'fiec'tedby the addition of alkali, for instancecaustic soda, sodium carbonate or lime, to the wash water. K i Generally speaking, the greater the quan tity of iron in the clay the greater should be thequant-ity'of aluminium or other salt used in washing.
Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The process of decolorizing clay and other minerals containing, in their natural state, iron compounds adapted to be partially removed. by treatment with an acid which comprises subjecting the said minerals to the action of an acid decolorizing agent, filtering the material so treated and washing the filter residue wit an aqueous solution of a salt of a polyvalen metal which yields colorless compounds with non-chi'omophoric acid radicles.
2. The process of bleaching clay andother minerals containing, in their natural state, iron compounds adapted to be partially removed by treatment with an acid which com-' prises subjectin the same to the action of a sulphurous" aci' filtering the material so treated and washing the filter residue with an aqueous solution of a salt of a polyvalent metal which yields colorless-compounds with non-chromophoric acid radicles.
3. The process of bleaching clay and other minerals containing, in their natural state, iron compounds adapted to be partially removed by treatment with an acid, which comprises subjecting the said minerals -to the,
action of an acid under reducing conditions, filtering the n'gateri'al and washing the filter residue withasolutioh of an aluminium salt.
4;. The process of bleaching clay and other minerals containing, in their natural state, iron compounds adapted to be partially removed by treatment with an acid, which comprises subjectin thesaid minerals to the action of an -aci under reducing conditions, filtering the material and washing the filter in the form of a suspefision containing 28.6
with an acid which comprises treating the same with an acid reduc ng agent, filtering the material so treated, washing the filter residue with an approximately 1 per cent. aqueous solution of an aluminium salt equivalent to per cent. b of the clay an equivalent to 120 dry weight of the clay- 6. The process of bleaching clay and other in their natural state,- iron compounds adapted to be partially reminerals containing,
weight of the dry weight subsequently with water per cent. by weight of the moved by treatment with an acid, which comprises subjectingthe tion of an acid under tering the material of a polyvalent metal and an acid.
said minerals to the acreducing conditions. filand washing the filter residue .with an aqueous solution of a salt The process of bleaching clay and other minerals containing,
iron compounds adapted to be partially removedbv treatment with an acid,
, which comin their natural state,
prises subjecting the said minerals to the action of an acid under reducing conditions filtering the material and washing the filter residue with an aluminium salt In testimony whereof name to this specification.
THOMAS WEBSTER PARKER.
and an acid.
I have signed my
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1777446X | 1927-02-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1777446A true US1777446A (en) | 1930-10-07 |
Family
ID=10890400
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US257108A Expired - Lifetime US1777446A (en) | 1927-02-28 | 1928-02-25 | Bleaching or decolorizing of clay or other minerals |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1777446A (en) |
-
1928
- 1928-02-25 US US257108A patent/US1777446A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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