US1771837A - Refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

b159, 1930. D. w. BERLIN 1,771,837

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Original Filed Dec. '7, 1926 far/ a IV Eff/1) PTENT OFFICE DAVIE WERNER BWJLZN, OE RASUNDA, SWEDEN nnrmenna'rme nrraaa'ros Application filed December 7, 1926, Serial No. 153,192, and in Sweden December 8, 1935. Renewed January 23, 1980.

The present invention refers to a method for conveying a cooling medium freed from the absorption fluid in the boiler from the latter to the cooler and then back to the boiler, as well as a constructional form of a refrigerating apparatus suitable for this method.

This new method consists in the cooling medium in the boiler, absorbed in a fluid, 30 being converted into a gas by heating, and this gas being conveyed through a channel from the upper part of the boiler nearest the cooler to the lower part of the cooler and in the latter condensed into a fluid, which in the refrigerating rocess is again transformed into a gas when heat is bound),

which is conveyed through a channel from.

the upper, inner part of the cooler nearest the boiler to the lower art of-the boiler and so into the absor tion fluid, where the same is again absorbe The difference 'in pressure necessary for the conveyance of the gaseous cooling medium and the induction into the respective fluid (absorption fluid during the refrigerating process and liquid cooling medium during the heating process is brought about by, and counterbalance by,

a fluid column in the respective channels which opens out into the lower part of the an boiler or cooler; in other words, when the gaseous cooling medium for example passes ofl through the channel at the upper part of the boiler there is in the other channel, which leads from the lower part of the boiler, a rising fluid column of sufiicient pressure which is necessary to carry the cooling medium over and into the fluid in the cooler.

In the conveyance of the cooling medium from the boiler to the cooler during the heating process there passes along a portion of the absorption fluid, and this is collected in the cooler and must occasionally be reconveye'd to the boiler. This is accomplished by positioning the boiler'verticall above the cooler whereupon the'fluid runs ack to the boiler through a certain channel.

A constructional form of an absorption refrigerating apparatus, suitable for carrying out the aforesaid method, is shown in the accompanying drawing, wherein Fig. 1

shows a vertical section of the apparatus during the heating process, Fig. 2 shows a vertical section of the apparatus during the cooling process, and Fig. 3 shows the apparatus in the position assumed when fluid in the cooler is reconveyed to the boiler.

The refrigerating apparatus consists of a boiler, or absorber 1, a condenser, or cooler 2, which are in communication by means of two tubes or channels 3 and 4, preferably in the form of a double tube. The channel 3 (the inner. channel) leads from the upper portion of the boiler 1 at 5 to the lower part of the cooler2 at 6. The channel 4 (the outer channel) leads from the upper portion of the cooler 2' as indicated at 7 to the lower portion of the boiler at 8. The channels 3 and 4 may also be placed alongside each other or in some other suitable manner. The heat for the heating process can be conveyed to the boiler in many ways, e. g. by means of an electric element, a gas flame or petroleum stove or any other suitable heat source marked by 9. The cooler can be provided with a conical hole 10, in which cracked ice can be introduced. For increasing the mob ing efi ect upon certain portions of the surface, the cooler can be provided on the outside or on the inside with a number of vertical or horizontal flanges. The refri crating apparatus is provided with a safety evice 11 against explosion consisting of a bursting plate 12 with a chamber 13 outside the same, from which one or more narrow channels 14 with a small area open out, so that, in the event of the plate bursting, the gas can pour outthrough the narrow channels for a longer period of time. The gas should be conducted down into the water, so that the same is absorbed. For preventing too high a pressure that the safety device must be resorted to, the volume of the cooler can be equal to, or greater than, the volume of the liquid in the apparatus, whereby all fluid can be vaporized and condensed in the cooler, and the boiler becomes empty.

The refrigerating apparatus operates in the following manner: The cooler 2 is lowered into a tank 15 with cooling water and the heat source 9 is connected. After some time the absorption fluid in the boiler 1 is so warm that the same little by little escapes in a; gaseous state. The cooling medium passes through the channel 3 from the upper part of the boiler at 5 to the lower part of the cooler at 6, where it pours out into the latter and is condensed into a fluid. For counteracting the surplus pressure necessary to force the cooling medium through the channel 3 and through a possibly liquid cooling medium in the cooler 2, the absorption fluid in the channel 4 rises to a certain height, e. g. to 16. It is important that the fluid column does not rise to a point that the fluid runs over into the cooler, which is regulated byplacing the bent portion of the channel at a suitable height. \Vhen all the cooling medium has been condensed in the cooler 2, the apparatus is turned as shown in Fig. 2, so that the boiler 1 is placed in the cooling water tank 15 and the cooler in a cooling box 19, for instance. VVhenthe boiler has been cooled to a certain temperature, the pressure in the apparatus drops, the absorption fluid in the boiler simultaneously commencing to absorb the gaseous cooling medium. Hereby an under pressure in the boiler occurs, which has the effect that the cooling medium in the cooler commences to develop into a gaseous state and to pass through the channel 4 back to the boiler and at the mouth 8 of the channel 4 pours out into the absorption fluid, when cooling is obtained by heat being bound on vaporization of the cooling medium. For counteracting the resistance in the channel 4 and in the absorption fluid in the boiler, a portion of the liquid cooling medium rises in the channel 3 in the cooler to a certain height, e. g. to 17. WVhen all cooling medium has been vaporized and again absorbed the cooling period is finished and the apparatus must be heated afresh, but before this is started, the apparatus is held by the handle 18 for a little while in the position indicated in Fig. 3, this being done in order to return absorption fluid that may possibly have boiled over with the cooling medium.

If the cooling medium has a tendency to form combinations which in a solid form are deposited on the walls of the cooler, these combinations are as a rule soluble in the absorption fluid, and in the constructional form of the refrigerating apparatus here referred to, these can be removed by turning the same in an opposite position .to the one shown in Fig. 3, when the absorption liquid streams into the cooler and dissolves the deposits. Thereafter the ap aratus is held as shown in Fig. 3, when al fluid streams back to the boiler, and the apparatus is ready again for use. In order to maintain the apparatus in a vertical position, the same can, as shown in the drawing, 'be provided with feet at tached to the outside of the boiler.

part of the cooler to the lower part ofthe boiler and safety means associated with said apparatus comprising a frangible plate and adapted to emit gas from the cooler.

2. Apparatus of the class described, comprising a boiler, a cooler connected to said boiler by tubes, one of said tubes passing from the upper part of the boiler to the lower part of the cooler and the other from the upper part of the cooler to the lower part of the boiler, the former tube being positioned within the latter, and said tubes being so arranged, when the apparatus is held vertically, to permit the discharge of the fluid in the cooler to the boiler through one of the tubes while the gas pressure is equalized in the other.

3. Apparatus of the class described, comprising a boiler, a cooler connected to said boiler by tubes, one of said tubes passing from the upper part of the boiler to the lower part of the cooler and the other from the upper part of the cooler to the lower part of the boiler, the former tube being positioned within the latter, and safety means associated with said apparatus, said means comprising a frangible plate having a partitioned chamber located exteriorly thereof defining a plurality of channels to retard the flow of the gas stream therefrom.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

DAVID WERNER BERLIN.

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