US1771160A - Recuperator - Google Patents

Description

July 22, 1930.

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RECUPERATOR Filed June 26. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 wwaw'im mam Q, cawp $5 Qlbtomuan u Mum JuZyZZ, 3-930. w. a. CHAPMAN RECUPERATOR Filed June 25, 19.26 4 sheets sheat anoentoz $3 4.4 flbtomwu a Patented July 22, 1930 UNITED PAT N ormacg,

WILLIAM .B. CHAPMAN, or JACKSON HEIGHTS, new Yonx, ASSIGNOR To rnacniir:

MAN-STEIN FURNACE C0.

or, MoUNTfviaRNoN, 01:10, A CORPORATIONOF onto J imcurnnnron Application filed June 26, The invention aims to providea recuper ator which shalloccupy less space, cost less: and be less likely to leak or require repairs, and be more eflicient than recuperators-now' in general. use. i One object of the invention is-to so arrangethe passagewayswithin the recuperator between which heatinterchange is to-take place, that the area available for such'hea-t. inter change will be relatively large as compared to the volume. of the recuperator.

Another object is to providea construction in which, to a large extent, the; radiation losses, due to travel of the gasespast exposed or non-heat interchangingsu-rfacesof the recuperator, willjbe avoided.;-i

From the structural standpoint, the invention also aims to provide'a recuperatormade 'up of simple elements, requiring a! minimum of special shapes of ti-le or other parts. 7

Further objects and advantages at the.-; invention will be in part obviousand in -part particularly pointed out in the. description hereinafter contained which,,taken in eonv juncton with. the accompanying. drawing-s, discloses certain, preferred embodiments thereof. Such embodiments, however, should be consideredas merely illustrative of its principles. Inthe drawings Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional. view of the recuperator constructed inaccorde ance with the invention, the section. being taken on line 1 -l0f. Fig.'- 2. v

Fig. 2 is a stepped transverse section of the recuperator shown in 1',- the'sec tion being taken'approximately on linez2w2. of Fig. l. i I

Fig. 3 is a detail longitudinal sectionshowing enlarged adjacent" sets of tiles such as. may beemployedin the recuperator shown in Fig. 1. j v v i F ig. 4 is a perspective viewshowing, one ofsuch tiles described. v v I Fig. 5 is a perspective view showiirgd'etached a bafiiecap such as may beemployed as a part of the recuperator shownlin Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a transversesectional' View of another form of recuperator, constructed? in 1926. Serial No. 118,782.

ing taken on line 6 6 of F ig. 7; v

F ig; 7 isa, central longitudinal" section of the recuperator shown in Fig. 6.

Fi'gyS is a view similarto Fig l; butshow in a modifiedform- 0t recupcrator.

ecuperators are of first, those designedfor the air to be heated to be forced through them'by artificial draft and, second, those in which the air flowsv through by natural draft. The present. invention is applicable to pe'rators. r

In accordance with one feature Qf-the invention the recuperator is provided With-WWO series of passageways disposed transverselyto each other, the partitions forming such passageways being so constructed! that the gases in following a sinuouspath through one series of passagewayaturn alternately in the central portion of the 'recupe-r altor and Fig. 1, for example, shows a recuperator Thus; the gases,-

7 oftheforced draft type, the air tobe heated beingfed in through a pipe lito 1a distribut ing. chamber 2 disposed. at the top oi the recuperator outer walls 3 and provided-With a suitable number of holes 4 leading: to the. interior'ofthe recuperator. Thepipe L pref.- erahly is; tangential to chamber 2,.thereby producinga whirl of air aroundthe chamber and causing even flow of air through the recuperator. Theexhaust gases Which-supply the heat are led into the recuperatorat'hrough one or more flues 5 leading to achamher. 6 locatedin the: base 7 of the recuperator, the flues 5 being also-preferably directed tan gentially to chamber 6, to obtain even dis tribution of the exhaust gases- One series of passageways is provided with a pluralityofpar-allel columns each I made up of hollow tiles 8. In the present instance the" headiof-eachtile is provided with seat-.9 (Fig. 3) upon which rests the bottom of the t r aneewithitheinventiongthe were two generalf typesi,

both; types, of recu:

tile next above. I prefer to build the tiles in the simple cylindrical shape illustrated and they may be made of metal. or refractory material, according to the conditions of use. "in the present instance the hollow tiles 8 partition 011 the interior of the recuperator to form a plurality of vertical passageways 9 which accommodate the exhaust gases, such passageways being connected to the chamber Gtlirough openings 10 in the base of the recuperator and delivering the exhaust gases, after they have given up their heat, to a gathering chamber 11, located at tie top of the recuperator.

The hollow tile columns above are so disposed within the outer Walls 3 of the recuperator as to leave spaces in the central portion of the recuperator, and near its outer walls, through which the gases surrounding the tiles may pass, and partitions transverse to such tiles are provided, which divide the spaces within the recuperator and exterior to the tiles, into a second series of parallel passageways 12 transverse to and enclosing the passageways 9 above mentioned.

As shown in Fig. 1, these transverse parmentioned titions are made up in the main of interfit ting flanges 13 on the heads of adjacent'tiles of adjacent columns, a construction which I prefer since it reduces the number ofspecial parts necessary to be used in building the recuperator and also reduces the weight. The hexagonal shape of recuperator, as shown in Fig. 2, is also preferred since it enables the adjacent columns of tiles to beset rela tively close to each other, thus making the recuperator more compact. The shape ofthe tile flanges also preferably conforms to that of the outer walls. The flanges 13 of the tiles are also preferably provided with beveled sides 141 (Figs. 3 and 1), gether fairly loosely, whereby each column may move longitudinally independently of the others; this construction permits unequal longitudinal take place without disturbing tiles of adjacent columns or loosening up of the joints between the air and exhaust gas passageways, and without causing substantial leakage between adjacent passageways 12. The beveled sides 14 of the tile facilitate such trimming as may be necessary in building the recuperator and form receptacles between the assembled tiles, which collect dust and thereby seal the joints.

In the form of recuperator illustrated in Fig. 1, the air to be heated passes inwardly from inlet chamber 2 through the upper transverse passageway 12 to the center of the recuperator where the transverse partition is omitted to provide an opening 16 communicating with the transverse passageway 12 next beneath. The blocks or brace'members 17 extending inwardly from the outer Walls of the recuperator, engage the adjacent and match toexpansion and contraction toflanges 13 of the tiles to divide off the outer portion of the upper passageway 12, whereby the only exit from this passageway is through opening 16 above mentioned.

The air to be heated next passes outwardly from the central portion of the second passageway 12 toward the outer walls of the recuperator, the central portion of the partition beneath this passageway being closed 011 as by means of a suitable cap 18. Tile blocks or brace members 17 associated with the partition underneath the second passageway 12 are similar to the blocks 17 above described, except that openings 19 are provided therein which permit the air .(11011 it reaches the outer portion of the second pas sageway 12 to turn downwardly and pass intothe third passageway 12 next beneath. Adjacent passageways 12 are thus provided alternately with central openings 1 16 and outer openings 19 adjacent the outer walls 3' of the recuperator, whereby the air to be heated passes through the recuperator in a sinuous path, traveling alternately out from, and toward the central portion of therecuperator. From the bottomchamber 12 the heated; air passes into an annular gathering chamber 20 from which it may be led off through one or more suitable lines 21.

It will be understood that if desired the exhaust gases may be led through passageways 12 and the air to be heated through passageways 9, if desired, also that the direction of flow may be reversed.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 is similar to the recuperator above described, except that the flanges 13 of the tiles support separate par tition members 22 which may be in the form of sector-like parts, as shown in Fig. 6, and suitably shaped to accommodate the tiles.

' InFig. 8, I have illustrated a recuperator of the natural draft type which is similar to the one described in Figs. 6 and 7, except that the exhaust gases enter the tiles 8 from a distributing chamber 23 located at the top of the recuperator and pass downwardly to a gathering chamber 2 1 located in its base. The air to be preheated enters the bottom transversely of passageway 12 through an annular distributing chamber having openings 26 in its inner wall and passes upwardly through the several passageways 12 as above described, to an annular gathering chamber 26 located at the top of the recuperator. When this type of recuperator is located below the level of the furnace it feeds no fan is required for the air, but a stack or other means is required to draw the spent gases downward.

In Figs. 7 and 8, the tile columns which would appear in the background, are omitted for the sake of simplicity.

The recuperator is free to expand and contract in a vertical direction due to the fact iii that the tile columns are not bonded to the outer walls; in other words, the outer tile flanges for the partition members may slide within manufacturing limits, do not require special fitting operations in building the recuperator or cause leaky joints. r

The outer wall 3 of the recuperator and its surrounding shell 27 are preferably both constructedin sections, whereby in building the recuperator the interior parts may be assembled progressively up to different levels as the shell sections are installed. As shown, the shell sections 27 are bolted together at their flanges 28 to permit them to be detached when desired.

While certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described, it is obvious that many changes may be made therein with out departing from the spirit of the invention, as defined in the following claims. 1

I claim:

1. A recuperator having outer walls, a series of upstanding parallel hollow tile columns therewithin forming one series of passageways, adjacent tiles of said columns having flanges matching to form partitions.

transverse to said columns, said flanges having sides shaped to form sealing receptacles.

2. A hollow recuperator tile having a hexagonal lateral flange projecting there from shaped to match together with, similar flanges to form a transverse partition, said flange having beveled sides. g

'3. A recuperator having onterwalls, a series of parallel hollow tile columns therewithin forming one series of passageways,

brace members extending from said walls to he outer tiles of said columns at different levels which brace members alternately open and close communication between the opposite sides thereof.

4:. A recuperator having outer walls, a series of upstanding parallel hollow tile columns therewithin, adjacent tiles having hexagonal flanges extending therefrom to provide lateral bracing for said columns, the outer walls conforming in shape to the cross section of the flanges.

5. A recuperator having outer walls, a series of parallel hollow tile columns there within forming one set of passageways, ad-

-- jacent tiles of adjacent columns having flanges matching to form partitionstransverse to said columns, said flanges having beveled edges to provide receptacles between adjacent flanges.

6. A recuperator having outer walls, partition members therewithin forming one series of parallel passageways running through the recuperator and a second series of passageways running transverse to the first series, adjacent passageways of said second mentioned series being connected alternately in the central portion of the recupera-, tor, and near the outer walls thereof, together with chambers at the opposite ends of the recuperator communicating respectively with said series of passageways, and means for setting up a whirling motion of gases entering said chambers to distribute the gases evenly between the corresponding passageways.

7, A recuperator having a distributing chamber, a series of passageways communicating therewith, and means for causing a whirling motion of the gases in said distributing chamber to apportion the same evenly between said passageways.

8. The combination of claim 4, wherein said flanges also form a series of passageways running transverse to the passageways within the hollow tile columns, said transverse series of passageways being connected alternately at the central portion of the recuperator, and near'the outer walls thereof.

9. The combination of claim 3 together with partitions transverse to the hollow tile columns, which partitions define passageways alternately connected and closed ofl by the brace members, the passageways which are closed off from each other by the brace members being connected at'the central portion of the recuperator.

10. The combination of claim 3 wherein the tiles of adjacent columns are provided with flanges matching to form partitions extending transversely of the columns and thereby providing a second series of passageways transverse to the passageways within

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