US1769888A - Cutting machine - Google Patents

Description

July 1, 1930. c. M. STONER CUTTING MACHINE 2 sheets-sheet 1 Filed July 21, 1928 fwe ii Z Aw C. M. STONER CUTTING MACHINE July 1, 1930.

Filed July 21, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l atented July 1, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicr.

CHARLES M. STONER, OF OHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WOLF COMPANY, OF OHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL- VANIA.

CUTTING MACHINE Application filed July 21, 1928. Serial No.294,431.

This invention relates to machines of the type that are used for cutting relatively coarse materials to predetermined smaller sizes. Some of the materials which can be used in the machine are corn and other grains, paper, pulp, cork, dried milk, rags, roots, herbs, spices, bark, bones, tobacco stems, leaves, shavings, leather, etc.

An object of the invention is to provide a cutting machine wherein the material is delivered to the cutters in a direction coinciding to the direction of rotation of the cutters.

Another object is to provide a screen for cutting machines wherein there are three separate zones for grading the material.

Another object is to provide a'perforated :guiide wall eccentric to the cylindrical cutter rotor, to guide the material from the hopper to the cutters.

Another object is to produce an efficient, strong and durable cutting machine which "may be economically constructed and oper ated.

Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.

The views of'the drawings are:

,Fig. 1.is a'vertical longitudinal section of a cutting machine constructed according to *myinvention, as seen on the line 1-1 of Fig-2;

Fig. .2 is a vertical transverse section as seen on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

,Fig. 3 is an end view.

Referring to the drawings, the machine includes a base 1 having an open, bottom. The base 1 carries a casing 2that is connected to the base by a hinge3. On the side of the baseopposite to the hinge there is a clamp- .ing device for retaining the casing in position on the base. When the clamping device is released'and the casing 2 swung back on'the hinge 8, the chain 5 will support the casing, as will bereadily understood.

" The ends of the base 1 carry ball bearings 6 in which is mounted a shaft 7 that extends longitudinally of the machine and projects -through the ends of the base. On end of the shaft 7 there is a pulley 8.

The shaft .7 has fixed thereon a plurality two inclined baflie p which the streams o of circular disks 9, to the peripheries of which are mounted cylinders 10. In the present instance there are live disks and four cylinders used, and these parts provide a reel forsupporting a plurality of arcuate cutting knives 11. The knives 11 may be detachably mounted in the manner shown, and be retained in position by means of keys 12.

The top of the casing 2 carries hopper 13,

the top of which is closed by a slide 14.

Beneath the slide 14 there is a spreader 15 on which the material falls as it is fed into the machine. The spreader 15 divides the material into two streams.

At the bottom'of the hopper 13 there are lates 16 and l7 on to material fall.

The loweredges of the plates 16 and 17 are so disposed as to provide an elongated slot '18 through which the material will flow in the form of a sheet that will be substantially coextensive with the cutting reel, as will be readily understood.

The interior of the machine is provided with a screen including three zones, constructed as follows: The base 1 has mounted therein a semi-cylindrical screen 19 which is disposed in close proximity to the outer surfaces of the cutting blades 11. This screen is reinforced by a plurality of rectangular bars 20. 1

The front of the casing 2 between the bafiie plate 17 and the clamping device 4 is provided with an arcuately formed screen 21.

This screen is spaced further from the exterior of the cutting reel, and the surfaceof the screencontiguous to the blades 11 carriesa plurality of cutter bars 22. The bars 22 may be detachably connected to the screen bymeans of bolts 23.- P

On thesi'de of the casing 2 opposite to the --screen.21, there is another screen 24, which "is of involute form. At the lower edge of the screen 24: there is a cutter bar 25, similar in form to the cutter bars 22.

The material comes in contact with the knives '11 ina gentle manner through the novel disposition of the screen 24. It will be noted that'th'e upper portion of the screen 24is disposed at a considerable distance from the surface of the cutting reel, while the lower edge of the screen 24 lies adjacent to V the u per ed e of the screen 19. Thus, a

funne shapef passage is provided through which the material descends in a direction substantially tangential to the surface of the revolvin cutting reel.

There ore, when the material approaches the cutter bar a percentage thereof will be sheared by the knives 11 and the material which has thus been divided will ass through the openings in the screen 19. he remaining material will be carried upwardly by the centrifugal force of the cutting reel and then be directed against the cutter bars 22 and screen 21. This action should shear the material suficiently to permit it to pass through the screens but if the material is not divided at this point it will be carried forward towards the screen 24 where the operation will be repeated.

Attention is directed to the limited space so crating the knives 11 and the cutter bars.

s space is reduced to the minimum so as to prevent the material from accumulating between the revolving reel and the stationary partsof the machine, as the friction thereby produced by the excess material would conume excessive power. In this way the input is regulated to the capacity of the machine. n'llhe cannot collect and remain inactive, but is acted upon in the limited space whichis rovided by my construction. It will also apparent that the centrifugal 5 actionof the material causes it to roll over the inside surfaces of the screens, the fine material being forced through the perforations of the screens while the uncut material will remain until it is reduced to the re- 40 quired size before it can pass through the perforations.

i The' vention set forth herein is, of course, susceptible of various modifications and adaptations. 4,5 I claim:

1. A cuttin machine, comprising a rotor with cutters t ereon, a casing housing said rotor, a fixed blade within said casing adja- .wflhthe -cutters, a hopper'above the rotor,

.rs for material from the hop er, be-

fl'fion the hopper and the rotor, an 'a wall nithin the casing, eccentric to the rotor, to ieedjhe material from the deflectors into the ypflthgflf the cutters.

Q 2. .A cutting machine, comprising a rotor at closed surface with cutters thereon, a

housing said rotor, a fixed blade withiiaaaid casing adjacent the cutters, a hopper me the rotor, deflectors between the hopper ,M and the rotor, and a curved wall within the waning, eccentric to the rotor, to guide the ma- .Mfin'l from the deflectors into the path of the cutters.

3. In a cutting machine, a rotor provided Mith cutters thereon, a casing housing said rotor, a screen arranged about said rotor,

having an opening therein, and havin a portion of substantially involute form a jacent said opening, a hopper arranged above said opening,and a baffle plate between said hopper and that end of the screen opposite the involute portion thereof, arranged in such manner that material from the hopper is incident on the bafile plate, and is then deflected tangentially into the tapered opening between the rotor and the said involute portion.

4. In a cutting machine, a rotor provided with cutters thereon, a casing housing said rotor, a screen arranged about said rotor, having an opening therein, and having a portion of substantially involute form adjacent said opening, a hopper arranged above said opening, a affle plate between said hop r and that end of the involute portion de ing one edge of the opening in the screen, and another baflie plate extending in a direction opposite to that of the first-mentioned bafile plate, and connecting said hopper and the other end of the screen, whereb at least a portion of the material from the 0 per is deflected from the first-mentioned b e plate to the second-mentioned baflle plate, and thence tangentially into the opening between the rotor and the said involute portion.

5. In a cutting machine,a rotor, at least one cutting element on said rotor, a screen partly enclosing said rotor and having an opening therein, at least one cutting element fixed on the exterior of said screen and adapted to cooperate with said first-mentioned cutting element, a portion of said screen defining one edge of the openin being of involute form, a hopper above sai opening, and a bafile connecting said hopper and that edge of the opening opposite the portion of involute form, whereby the material from the hopper is deflected from the bafile late into the opening between the rotor an the said involute portion so that substantially the first blow of the rotor on the material to be crushed is a shearing action between the cooperating cutting elements.

6. In a cutting machine, a rotor, at least one cutting element on said rotor, a screen partly enclosing said rotor and having an opening therein, at least one cutting element fixed on the exterior of said screen and adapted to cooperate with said first-mew tioned cutting element, a portion of said screen defining one edge of the openin being of involute form, a hopper above sai opening, a baflle plate connecting said ho peer and that end of the involute portion dc ning the edged the opening, and asecond baffle plate extending in a direction oppositeto that of the first-mentioned baflle plate, and connectsaid hopper to the other edge of said opening, whereby at least a portion of the material from said hopper is deflected from the cooperating cutting elements.

CHARLES M. STONER.

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