US176970A - laws on - Google Patents

Description

8 Sheets-Sheet1.

J. A. LAWSON. FIRE-PLACE HEATER.

Patented May 2 1876.

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m V llllll PETERS. PNOTO-UTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D Q

, 8 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. A. LAWSON.

FIRE-PLACE HEATER. No. 176,970. Patented May 2,1876.

" llmil/ N-PETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPHER WASHINGTON. D, C.

H 8jSheets--Sheet3.

J. A. LAWSON.

- v FIRE-PLACE HEATER. N0.171 6,970. Patented May 2,1876.

MPETEHS. PHOlU-UTNOGEAPH ER. WASHINGTON. D O.

a Sheets- Shank .1. A. LAWSON. FIRE-PLACE HEATER.

Patented May 2,1876.

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N o S W A L Tn FIRE-PLACE HEATER.

Patented May 2, 187 6.

N.FETERS. PHOTO-L\THQGRAFHER. WASHINGTON, D. By

8 Sheets-Sheet 6.

- J. A. LAWSON.

FIRE-PLACE HEATER. No.176,97'0. v Patented May 2,1876.

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FIRE-PLACE HEATER. No.17.6,970. Patented May 2, 1876.

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wm a fivm 8 Sheets -Sheet 8.

J. A. LAWSON. FIRE-PLACE HEATER.

Patented May 2,1876.

No.176,97Q.

JA-.MES.-A:. LAWSON, on 'rnonn'nw YORK.

IMPROVEMENT lN'wFIRE-PLACEHEATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 176,970, dated May 1876; application filed January 3, 1876.

170 all whomt't .may concern Be itiknownthatil,JAMns A. LAWSON, of,

State of.- New York, have, invented certain new: and useful Improvements-in Eire Rlace Heaters; and 3 do; hereby declare that the ,fol lowingis H a. full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference. bei-ngyhad to the jaccompa.

nying., dra win.gs,, making a part of. thisiispect fication, in :whichr- Figure is, a, perspective view of my. iin-v provedh'eater... Eigs.1=.2, 3,,4, and.15 are,- respectively, horizontal sections of the same. upon lines-- passing throughithe center of, the cross-pipe, the upper; end .of the fire-pot, im-. mediately above. the; grate, and. midway be,

tween..-th'e;latter: and the base-plate. Fig.6- is .a,vertical,section upon line was of Figs.,2 3, ,4, and-.5. Fig-.7 is :alike view upon lines aimv of said figures... Eig.;,8 is alperspective view. of, the upper .7 portion-10f; the; heater-cas.

ing, and shows the constructioniof the sectional magazine... F1 g 91s a like view of; the

supportingsring ;of. themsectional fire-pot; an d Eig., 10, is, a perspective'viewiof the outer.- side of one of ;the firerpotsections Lettersof likename and kindrefer to like partsin :each of the-fignres..

The design of my invention is toincrease the efficiency and. economy. of fire-pl aceheat ers; and it consists principallyin-the peculiar construction 10f the supportingframe of the sectional lfire-pot, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter, specified.

It; consists, further, in the construction of the. sectionaLfire-pot, and its combination with the supporting-ring, substantially. as

v and fonthe, purpose hereinafter shown.

Itconsists, further, in :lthe means employed i'orr causing a circulationyofair between the sectional fire-pot and its inclosing, supportingring, substantially as is: hereinafter set forth.

It consists, further, in a supporting ring or:

f It consists, further, in the construction of the magazine, and its combination with the heater, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter set forth. It consists, 'further, in combiningthe cover of the magazine with thendamper of a cross: ,pipe 'ordirect-draft flue, so asto cause said damper to be automaticallyopened and closed ;by the opening or closing of said cover, sub; stantiallyias and for the purpose hereinafter; specified. v V g It consists, finally, in, the. construction of ,the rod for conncctingthe direct-draft damper and rotating coverof themagazine,.whereby said rod may be disconnected from said cover, so as to permit said damper to be operated, independently, and .is afterward caused to automatically engage with said cover by the. gmotion of either of saidv parts, substantially ias and forthe :purpose hereinafter. shown and idescribed. In-the annexed drawings, A represents the gbottoin or base plate, B the top plate,O and 0 the side.plates,and D the rear plate, of lthebase-section of my heater, which section; jcontains an ash-pit, E, and. two side bottom; gfiues, F and F, as seen in Fig. 5. At a point; somewhat in advance of the center of the heater; the side flue's ,F and F end, and are, in; iclosedattheir front ends bymeans of doors and. f, while the ash-pit, E is continued for-.

iward, as shown, and its open front-side 0 pro;

gvided with a do )r, E, thatswings horizontally outward and to one side. An opening, I), within the extendedportion of the top plate B, is- I ,inolosed by. an edgewise-swinging door, B,

within which is adraft-daniper b. Immediately above the base-section is placed a firepot section, which, as seen in Figs. 1, 6, and 7, consists exteriorly of an outward-swelling casing, G, that at its front and sides is providedwith mica doors g, g, and g, through which aview of the interior may be had.

Above the fire-pot section described is a comview, shown in Fig. 1, itsfront and rear sides],

lateral displacement.

being conformed to the circular shape of said section, while laterally it extends outward to a point upon a line with the corresponding portions of the base, and within each of such extended portions 1 is formed a horizontal flue, i, that communicates at its lower side with a side pipe, K, which latter extends vertically to the bottom flue F, and furnishes communication between the same and said flue i. The upper central portion of the top section I is dome-shaped, and at the front side of said part is provided an opening, 43, which is inclosed, when desired, by a cover, I, that is pivoted at its upper end to the axial center of said section, and is capable'of being partially rotated around its pivotal bearing so as to inclose or uncover said opening. When closed, the cover 1' forms part of the finish of the top plate.

' The side bottom fines F and F extend rearward beyond the central portion of the basesection, and from the upper side of each of such extended portions a back pipe, L, extends upward and laterally inward, and near the top of the heater unites with the pipe L from the opposite side. From the point of union of the back pipes L and L a cross-pipe,

M, extends forward to the combustion-chamber H, and furnishes communication between the same and said back pipes. A butterfly-damper, M, is pivoted upon a vertical rod, m, within said pipe M, and enables the latter to be opened or closed.

In order that the cross-pipe M may be automatically opened whenever the cover I is opened, so as to furnish a direct communication between theupper portion of the combustion-chamber H, and the exit-flue, a crankarm, m, is formed upon the upper end ofthe pivotal rod m of the damper M, and a crankarm, I, is attached to the upper end at the pivotal center of said cover, and between said crank-arms extends arod, N, which is pivoted to or upon each, as seen in Figs. 1 and 6.

' It, now, the cover is turned so as to open or close the combustion-chamber, the damper will be correspondingly changed, it being impracticable to move the former without the latter. This arrangement causes gas contained within the'colnbustion-chamber to be drawn into the exitflue whenever the upper portion of said chamber is uncovered, while without "such automatic opening of the cross-pipe gas would either ignite and explode or would escape into the room whenever it becomes necessary to open said magazine.

In order that the damper M may be opened independent of the cover 1, its forward end is extended so as to form a handle, a, andupon each side of said rod isprovided a flange, n, that extends vertically downward upon each side of the pintle t of the crankarm I. If, now, said rod N beraised above said pint1e;it-may be moved longitudinally while resting upon the upper end of the latter, the flanges n and n operating to prevent When the rod N is pushed rearward sufficiently to close the damper M said rodwill automatically drop over and engage with the pintle i, but if not moved sufficiently far to the rear to insure such engagement the result will be secured whenever the cover I is moved so as to bring said pintle beneath its opening in said rod.

Resting upon the upper edge of the casing G, which forms the fire-pot section, is a ring, R, which at its outer edge forms part of the finish of the heater, and from thence extends inward and downward in the form shown by Fig. 9. Around the interior of the ring R, just below its upper end, is formed an annular channel, r, from which extend downward a number of vertical openings, 1* and r, as shown. Below the channel 1" the interior face of the ring R-is plane and substantially vertical, and within such portion are provided a number of radial openings, 1* and 1, which extend around the entire ring, and are equidistant from each other. Within the ring R is placed a fire-pot, that is composed of a number of sections, S and S, each of which sections has a plane inner face that inclines downward and slightly inward, and at its upper end inclines outward and upward at an angle of about forty-five degrees, as seen in Fig. 9.

The upper edge of the section S projects outward and downward, and fits into the channel 1", and at suitable points upon said projecting portion 8 are provided two studs, 8 and s, which extend downward into the openings 4" and 0', said pins operating to maintain the position circumferentially of said section S, while said ledge s sustains the weight of the latter.

At the lower end of each fire-pot section S is provided a number of vertical bars, 8 and v s, which are flush upon their inner faces with the inner face of said section, while their outer faces extend radially beyond the corresponding portion of the latter, and, being continued upward to the ledge 8, form ribs above the lower edge of said section.

The bars s ands rest against the inner face of the lower portion of the ring R, while the grooves s and s, between the same and the outer face of the section S, form air-passages, which at their lower ends communicate with the space below the fire-pot, and at their upper ends through the openingsr and r communicate with the space between said ring R and the casing, the result of such construction being to cause a constant circulation of air between said fire-pot and ring, and prevent the former from becoming unduly heated. i

The tire-pot sections are held in position sole ly by their weight, andeach may be removed by raising it upward until its pins 8 and s are disengaged from the openings 1' and r,

and as said section has such dimensions as to permit itto be passed through either of the doors h and h, it will be' seen that said fire-pot can be easily removed from, or placed in position without disturbing other portions of the heater.

The magazine has the shape shown in Fig. 8, and is composed of. a number of sections, T and T, each of which, like the fire-pot sections S and S, is provided at its upper endwith an outward and a downward projecting ledge, t, and two vertical pins, t and t, while a ring, U, similar in general shape to the ring R, is secured to the lower face of the top plate I, and sustains said sections T and T, as seen in said figure.

This construction enables the magazine to i be removed and replaced, through the opening z" of the top plate, with ease, and without derangement of other parts of the heater.

In order that gas may be prevented from accumulating within the magazine, an opening, a", is provided between its upper end,

at the rear, and the combustion-chamber, through which opening said gas passes and is carried into the cross or side pipes.

Within the plate 0, which separates the ashpit E from the left-hand-side flue F, is provided an opening, 0, that is inclosed by means of a damper, C, whichslides upon said face of the plate within guides 0 and c, and may be Withdrawn from orreplaced over said opening by a rod, 0', that passes outward at some suitable pointat the front side of the base.

The object of the dampered opening described is to afford direct communication between the ash-pit and flues during the time when the grates are being shaken, so as to prevent dust and ashes from passing outward into the room.

I11 heaters, as ordinarily constructed, the heat of the bottom plate is wasted because of the inability of air to come in to contact with the lowerside of said plate. difficulty I raise the plate A inside of its molded edge a, and within said edge provide a number of openings, at and a, through which air may freely pass into the space a beneath said plate, from which space said air, having become heated by contact with said plate, unites with and passes upw rd with air which is otherwise admitted at the rear side of the heater.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and merits of'my invention, what I claim asnew 1s- To remedy this i 1. The supporting-ring R, provided with the annular chamber 7* and vertical openings 0" their outer faces with parallel grooves s and s, which are formed by means of the bars or ribs 8" and s, substantially as and forthe purpose shown,

3. In a fire-place heater, a supporting-ring for a sectional fire-pot, which ring at its upper side and outer edge forms part of the external frame or casing of the heater, and from thence extends downward and in ward to form an air-space between its lower portion and said casing, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. a

4. In combination with the supporting-ring U, attached to and depending from the top plate I, the magazine composed of the sections T and T, each of which is provided at its upper end with an outward and downward projecting ledge, t, and with two vertical pins, t and t, substantially as and for the purpose shown. i

5. The cover I, pivoted upon and revolving horizontally around the axial center of the heater, and provided with the crank-arm I, and the butterfly-damper M, arranged within the cross-pipe M, and having the crankarm m combined with each other, so as to be simultaneously moved by means of the rod N,

which is pivoted upon and extends between said crank-arms, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described;

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

, ,Witnesses: JAMES A. LAWSON.

GHAs. H. ADAMS, R0131. S. W001).

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