US1768816A

US1768816A - Piston

Info

Publication number: US1768816A
Application number: US369131A
Authority: US
Inventors: Melbourne A Beckmann
Original assignee: HARRY J HATER
Current assignee: HARRY J HATER
Priority date: 1929-06-07
Filing date: 1929-06-07
Publication date: 1930-07-01
Anticipated expiration: 1947-07-01

Description

1, 1936. Q M. A. BECKMANN PISTON Filed June '7, 1929 l I Z0 M Z0 Patented July- 1, 1930 NIT-ED STAES PATENT oF- icE MELBOURNE A. IBECKIIANN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR 'IO HARRY e F CINCINNATI, OHIO a. EATER,

:ers'ron Application filed June 7, 1929. serial No. 369,131.

My invention relates to improvements in pistons and more particularly to pistons adapted for use in internal combustion engines. a n

An important object of my invention is the provision of a piston capable of being formed from light weight material such as aluminum, aluminum alloys, magnesium and similar metals in which the undesirable expansion of the piston caused by the relatively high thermal expansion ratio of the light wei ht material is rendered comparatively ine ective for all practical purposes.

A further object of my invention is the production of apiston so constructed that the heat of combustion, which causes undesirable expansion of the piston skirt, is so diverted and impeded in the course ofv its transmission from the -head of the piston to its skirt, that its influence upon the skirt of the piston is reduced to a minimum.

Another object of my invention is to provide a piston, the construction of which will counteract the thrust forces accruing from the explosion on the head of the piston.

A further object of my invention is to control expansion of the piston so that it will work efiiciently at all operating temperatures. i 5

Other objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent during the course of the following description.

opposite side Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view on theline 3-3 of Figure 1,

Fi ure 4is a horizoptal sectional view on the line 44 of Figure 1, and

cumferentially extending opening 14:. The

piston skirt is relieved by being completely cut away at diametrically opposite points, and said

cutaway portions

15 and 16 extend from points spaced from the bottom of the skirt to the opening 14.

Piston pin receiving hubs or

bosses

17 and 18 are arranged in the cutaway portions. 15 and 16 respectively and are located substantially centrally thereof. The

hubs

17 and 18 are provided with the usualbores 19. The outer end of the hub 17 is connected to the portions of the skirt at the sides of the cutaway portion 15 by means of a transverse or horizontal strut 20 arranged'abovethe center of the hub and integrally formed therewith,- and with the piston skirt. The outer face of the strut 20 1s flush with the outer face of the hub 17 and the ends ofthe strut 20 have a curvature conformin to the curvature of the adjacent skirt portions and form a continuation thereof, as at 21. A vertical strut 22 connects the outer end of the hub 17 with the portion of the skirt at the bottom of'the cutaway portion 15 and is arranged centrally of the cutaway portions and of the hub. The

struts

20 and 22 form a T-shaped connection between the outer end of the hub 17' and the piston skirt with the hub arranged at the juncture of the arms of the T.

The inner end of the hub 17 is connected to the head of the piston by means of a vertically extending strut 23 arranged centrally of the cutaway portion 15 and outwardl ofiset at its upper end to join'thechead. suitable reinforcing rib 24 connects the hub with the head and extends down the center of the strut 23. The strut 23 extends a short distance below the hub 17 and connects with a transverse strut 25 whichis joined at its ends to the sides of the piston skirt adjacent the lower end of the cutaway portion15. A Suitable reinforcement rib 26 extends from the center of the hub. 17 to the lower end of the strut 25. The strut 23 merges into an encircling flange 27 on the hub 17 and toet-herwith the strut forms an inverted -shaped connection between the head, pis

ton pin hub and skirt.

It willbe seen then, that the hub 17 is joined at its outer end to the skirt by the

struts

20 and 22, and joined at its inner end to the head and skirt by the

struts

23 and 25. At a suitable position between the

outer struts

20 and 22 and the inner strut 23 there is an opening 28 dividing the. inner end of the hub 17 from the outer end thereof, and

said opening 28 may be out after the piston is cast, but is preferably cast with the piston. When cast with the piston the opening 20 is formed slightly wider at its lower end than at its upper end to facilitate removal of the pendent of the

struts

23 and 25, and heat passing from the head 10 through the strut 23 will not be conducted to the

struts

20 and 22 and the adjoining skirt portions.

v .The hub 18 is connected to the head of the piston by a vertically arranged strut 23 which extends below the hub and joins with atransverse strut 25 which is joined at its ends to the sides of the piston skirt adjacent the lower end of the cutaway portion 16. The strut 23' merges into an encircling flange 27' on the hub 18 and a suitable reinforcing .rib 24' connects the head with the hub 18 and extends down the inside of the strut 23. The struts 23 and 25' have the same position relative to the hub 18 as the

struts

23 and 25 have to the hub 17, and transverse struts 20 connect the strut 23 with the portions of the skirt at the sides of the cutaway portion 16. The struts 20 are oifset outwardly to merge with the skirt at the edge of 'the cutaway portion 16. The hub 18 is not split as is the'hub 17 but is unbroken, and supported by the

struts

20, 23 and 25.

A suitable reinforcement such as 22 may be provided at the lower end of the cutaway portion 16, if desired.

The non-thrust side of the piston skirt is provided with a vertical slit 29 extending from the bottom of'the skirt to the opening 14 which separates the head from the skirt, and the thrust side of the skirt is unbroken.

A substantially continuous annular bearing surface is, therefore, provided adjacent the bottom of the skirt and is unbroken except for the single slit 29. The inner portion of the skirt adjacent the slit 25 is provided with reinforcements 30 which parallel the slit and strengthen the separated portions of the skirt. While the slit 29 completely separates the non-thrust side of the skirt, the arrangement of the

transverse struts

20, 20, 25 and 25 is sufficient to hold the separated portions of the skirt in position.

In the operation of my improved piston, the head portion is subjected to direct heat generated by the explosion ofgases in the combustion chamber, and this heat is conducted away through the integrally connected

struts

23 and 23 and through the surrounding metal of the cylinder. The

struts

23 and 23 are the only portions of the piston having direct connection with the head, and the only path by which heat may be conducted to the piston skirt. The heat is'so reduced when it reaches the bottom of the skirt that it is comparatively ineffective due to the long and circuitous route which it must travel. While the opening 28 in the split hub 17 prevents the travel of the heat directly to the side portions of the skirt, the strut arrangement on the opposite side of the piston is such as to effectively counteract the thrust forces accruing from the explosion on the head of the piston.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention it is to be understood that various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined 'claims.

Having thus described my invention What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. A piston comprising a head and skirt,

said skirt having a cutaway portion therein spaced from the bottom thereof, a piston pin hub arranged in said cutaway portion, 'a strut connecting the outer end of said hub with the portion of the skirt at the sides of the cutaway portion, the ends of said strut having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the piston skirt and forming a continuation thereof.

2. A piston comprising a head and skirt, said skirt being spaced from said head by a circumferentially extending opening, saidskirt being provided with a cutaway portion 1 extending from a point spaced from the bottom of said skirt into the circumferential opening, a piston pin hub arranged in said cutaway portion, and a transversestrut connecting the outer end of said hub with the portions of the skirt at the sides of the cutaway portion, the outer face of the strut adjacent its ends having a curvature conforming to and spaced from the sides thereof, and a transverse strut connecting said hub with the portions of the skirt at the sides of the cutaway portion, the outer face of the strut being flush with the outer face of the hub and having a curvature at its ends conforming to the curvature'of the skirt and forming a continuation thereof.

4. A piston comprising a headand skirt, said skirt being spaced from the head by a circumferentially extending opening, said skirt being provided with a cutawayportion extending from a point spaced from the bottom thereof into the circumferential opening,

' a piston pinhub arranged in the cutaway portion and spaced from the sides thereof, a transverse strut connecting said hub with the portions of the skirt at the sides of the cutaway portion, the outer face of the strut be ing flush with the outer face of the hub and having a curvature at its ends conforming to .the curvature of the skirt and forming a continuation thereof, and a strut connecting the piston pin hub to the portion of the skirt at the lower end of the cutaway portion.

5. A piston comprising a head and skirt, said skirt having cutaway portions therein spaced from the, bottom thereof, a piston pin hub ofintegral construction arranged inone of said cutaway portions, struts connecting said hub with the head and skirt of the piston, a piston pin hub in the other cutawayportion, said last named hub being split to form two spaced portions, one of said portions being connected by struts to theskirt, and the other of said portions of the hub being connected by struts with the head and skirt of the piston. 7 I

6. A piston comprising a head and skirt, said skirt having cutaway portions therein spaced from the bottom thereof, a piston pin hub of integral construction arranged in one of said cutaway portions, said hub being connected by struts to the head and skirt of said piston, a piston pin hub arranged in the other cutaway portion, said last named hub being split to form spaced portions, a transverse strut connecting the outer portion of said split hub to the portions of the skirt at the sides of the cutaway portion, and the inner end of said split hub being connected by struts with the head and skirt of said piston.

7. A piston comprising a head and skirt, said skirt being separated from the head by a circumferential opening, said skirt being provided with cutaway portions extending from a point spaced from the bottom of the skirt into the circumferential opening, a pis ton pin hub arranged in one of said cut- 8. A piston comprising a headand skirt,

said skirt being separated from the headby a circumferentially extending opening, said skirt being provided with diametrically oopposed cutaway portions extending from the circumferential opening to a point spaced from the bottom of the skirt, a piston pin hub arranged in one of said cutaway portions substantially centrally thereof, said hub vbe ing split to provide spaced portions, a substantially inverted T-shaped strut connecting the inner portion of said hub'with the head and skirt, a substantially T-shaped strut connecting-the outer portion of said hub to the portions of the skirt at the sides and bottom of said cutaway portion, the upper arm of said T-shaped strut having its outer face flush with the outer face of the piston pin hub and having a curvature at its ends conforming to the-curvature of the piston skirt and forming a continuation thereof, a piston pin hub of said skirt being separated from the head by a circumferentially extending'opening, said skirt being provided with diametrically opposed cutaway portions extending from the circumferential opening to a point, spaced from the bottom of the skirt, a piston pin hub arranged in one ofsaid cutaway portions substantially centrally thereof, said hub being split to provide spaced portions, .a substantially inverted T-shaped strut connecting the inner portion ofsaidhub with the head and skirt, a substantially T-shaped strut connecting the outer portion of said hub to the portions of the skirt at the sides and bottom of said cutaway portion, the upper arm of said T-shaped strut having its outer face flush with the outer face. of the piston pin hub and having a curvature at its ends conforming to the curvature of the piston skirt andformof integral construction arranged in the other cutaway portion, said integral hub being connected by struts with the head and skirt of the piston, said skirt being provided on its nonthrust side with a substantially vertically arintegral construction arranged in the other 12: ing a continuation thereof, a-piston pin hub circumferential opening, said skirt being provided with a cutaway portion extending from the circumferential opening to a point spaced from the bottom of the skirt, a piston pin hub 5 arranged in said cutaway portion, said hub being split to provide spaced portions, a substantially inverted T-shaped strut connecting 'the' inner'portion of said hub with the head v and skirt, a substantially T-shaped strut connecting the outer portion of the hub to the portions of the skirt at the sides and bottom of the cutaway portion, the upper arm of said last named T-shaped strut having its outer face flush with the outer face of the piston Fin hub and having a curvature at its end, I

con orming to the curvature of the piston skirt and forming a continuation thereof.

In testimony whereof I afiix m signature.

MELBOURNE A. BEG NN.