US1763714A

US1763714A - Firearm

Info

Publication number: US1763714A
Application number: US197118A
Authority: US
Inventors: Crawford C Loomis
Original assignee: Remington Arms Co LLC
Current assignee: Remington Arms Co LLC
Priority date: 1927-06-07
Filing date: 1927-06-07
Publication date: 1930-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 1947-06-17

Description

June 17, 1930.

C. C. LOQ/MIS FIREARM Original Filed June 7, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 inventer June 17, 1930. C. c. Looms FIREARM 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Jgne 7, 1.927;

a, m c@ mm. ma E wn Patented June 17, 1930 CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS, OF ILION, NEW YORK, ASSGNOR TO REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY, ING? A CORERATON OF DELAWARE FIREARMI l Application led'June 7, 1927, Serial No. 197,118. Renewed April 16, 1930;' l

This invention relates to firearms and par ticularly to carrier mechanisms for transferring the shells from the vmagazine to the liring chamber. For the purpose of illustration E the improvements are shown as applied to a firearm of the type disclosed in U. S. patent to J. M. Browning :j:1,143,170,` dated J une 15, 1915, but it is to be understood that the invention is of general application and may be used in firearms of other classes.

The main object of the present invention is to device an improved shell carrier device for guns of the type employing a reciprocating actuating mechanism and which is simple in construction and positive in operaton.

In guns of the type used for the purpose of illustration the shells are stored in a magazine and are adapted to be transferred to the ring chamber by a reciprocation of the actuating mechanism. The improved carrier shown in the present application comprises a pair of arms pivotally mounted within the receiver and so arranged that the breech block may pass between to push the shell elevated by the carrier into the firing chamber. `When the action is closed the carrier is held locked' to facilitate the insertion of the shells in the magazine. A movement of the action bar slide in one direction unlocks the carrier,.

firing chamber. f

rlhe spring means then acts to depress the carrier slightlyy so that the frontend of the action bar slide may pass over the front of the carrier firmly locking the latter in place.

YBy reason of the construction devised the car-V rier may be formed of sheet metal suitably..

-rier in position ready to transfer a shell to the bent to form the carrier arms and an integral shelf or shell support. The carrier may further be provided with suitable shell guiding surfaces to eliminate frictional resistances.

A further obj ect of the present invention is to devise a new type of ej ecting mechanism which functions in a positive manner to eject the fired shells through a port hole located in the side of the receiver wall.

A further object ofthe invention is to pro- Y vide an improved breech block locking device to insure lateral stability of the breech block and which co-acts with the shells to prevent them from assuming positions which might result in jamming the gun. Topfurther guard against jamming improvements have also been made in the fon-m of the ejector and trigger plate.

A further obj ect of the invention is to construct the carrier so that it will hold the ejector in cocked position when the breech block is entirely disengaged from the ejector.

lVith these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel combinations and arrangement of parts which are illustrated in the drawings and will hereinafter be described.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of aportion of a gun embodying the present improvements showing particularly the ejecting port hole of the receiver.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevation, partly in'section, of the receiver of the gun showing the 4action closed.

Fig. 2a is an inverted plan view of the top of the receiver showing the breech block locking shoulder and guide.

Fig. 3 is a. side elevation of the gun the receiver being omitted for the sake of clearness kshowing the relation between the slide and shell'carrier when the action is closed.

Fig. is a longitudinal section on the line Ll- .of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section showing particularly the parts associated with the `shell `ejecting mechanism. Y.

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view of the gun taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

7 is a side elevation of the slide and as sociated carrier mechanismv showing the carfiring chamber. j i

Fig. 8 is aperspective .view of the ejector member. Y 1 I The fire control mechanism is housed ina receiver or frame lOhaving a bottom opening 11 through which the fresh shells are inserted into the magazine 12 and a port or side opening 13 through which the empty shell cases are ejected. Slid'ably mounted in guide channels 14 (Fig. 2) in the sides of the receiver 10 is an action slide 15 attached by a pin 16 to an action bar 17 which is connected at its front end to the usual forearm 171. The action bar slide 15 is thus adapted to be reciprocated by manipulation of the forearm and there,- ciprocation of the action bar controls the operations incident to ejecting the empty shell from the chamber and feeding the fresh shell from the magazine 12 to the chamber Vin a manner which will be described hereinafter.

lThe breech block indicated generally by reference character 18 comprises a longitudinal recess 19 (Fig. 2) which contains the liring pin 20. The firing pin is held in place by a cross pin 21 and is retracted from engagement with the head of the shell by a spring 22.

A recess cut in top of the frame 10 forms a p recoil Shoulder 23 adapted to engage the end 24 of the breech block thereby locking the breech block in closing position until it is lowered by movement of the action bar.

A lug or hook 25 projecting downwardly from the breech bloclr 18 is adapted to engage a recess 26 in the action bar slide 15 as clearly shown in F 2. Then the action bar drawn rearwardly the forward edge of the hook 25 is engaged by an inclined cam face 27 on the action bar slide whereby7 the end 24 of the breech bloclris lowered out of engagement with the recoil shoulder A further rearward movement of the action barvdraws the breech block rearwardly, the breech block and action bar slide moving together.V On the forward movement of the action bar, the action bar slide and breech block move together until the breech-is closed and the end 24 of the breech block is in front of the recoil shoulder 23. As the forward movement of the action bar is completed the inclined cam face 28 of the action bar slide 15 raises the breech bloclr into engagement with the recoil shoulder 23.

The following means is provided to insure lateral stability of the breech block 18 when it is in its normal or breeched position. The upper wall of the receiver is milled by a cutter rotating at an angle to the re ceiver wall to form the shoulder 23 previously mentioned and the substantially conical depression 29 (Fig. 2a). The central portion of the cut 29 and shoulder 23 is slotted to receive a bar 30 which is adapted to co-opcrate with a longitudinal slot 31 (Fig. 4) formed in the upper portion of the breech block 18. At its ends the horizontal edge of bar 30 pre# jects slightly below the receiverwall so that by peening overa portion of the receiver wall the bar 30 will be held rigidly in position. In the normal or breeched position the bar 30 projects into the slot 31 and as previously stated, when the slide 15 is moved rearwardly the breech block will be loclred therewith, so that after the breech block is disengaged from the receiver the horizontal edge of the bar 30 coacting with the upper and forward portion of the breech block 1 8 will prevent upward movement of the front end of the breech block. In the showing of Fig. 2 the bar 30 is omitted in order to permit a clearer illustration of adjacent parts.

At the rear of the cartridge or shell opening` 11 is a trigger plate 35 to which are attached certain elements of the fire control mechanism including a hammer 36. The hammer is pivoted on a transverse pin 37 and is connected by a pin 38 with a rearwardlyV extending hammer link or strut 39. The hammer spring 40 lies in Asuitable recess in the trigger plate and a spring follower 41 engages the end of the hammer link 39.

A trigger 42 pivoted in the ytrigger plate 35 by a pinv 43 andcomprising a forwardly extending arm orsear 44 adapted toengage a hammer notch 45 is adapted to be held in lmmer engaging position by a scar spring In order to control the movement of the cartridges from the magazine it is intended to use a pair of cartridge Stops and 51 (Fig. 6) which are substantially the same form and operated in the same manner as in the patentto Browning #1,143,170 and to which reference may be had `for further details of construction and operation. The cartridge stop 50 (Figs. 2 and 6) is normally in engagement with the head of the rear-most shell in the magazine and is pivoted at 52 within a channel formed in the right wall of the receiver 10. A spring (not shown) urges the stop to a positionto normally engage the rearmost shell. The cartridge stop 50 (Fig. 2) carries a cam 53 co-operating with a cam lug 54 integral with the action slide in substantially the same manner as in the Brow ing patent above identified. The cartridge stop 51 as fully described in the Browning patent is also adapted to be rocked about its horizontal pivot near the end of the rearward movement of the action slide, into position-to engage the head of the second shell in the maga-zine and hold this shell until the cartridge stop 50 is restored to effective position.

The means for transferring the shell released frein the shell retainingV devices to .position to be moved into the chamber by the head of the breech block is a carrier 55 comprising arms 56 and 57 (Fig. 4) preferably oined by an integral shelf 58, said

arms

56 and 57 being pivoted within the receiver Vby screws 59. Each arm is located between the receiver wall and the adjacent side of the breech block 18, as best shown in Fig. 5.

When the action is closed the carrier is in the position shown in Fig. 1 wherein it Cil will be seen that the side arm 57 of the carrier and breech block 18 both close the port hole 13. Also in the breeched position of the gun the

arms

56 and 57 rest upon the upper horizontal edges of the slide 15 (Fig. 3) the slide being of a width greater than the carrier proper (Fig. 6). 1n the breeched position the shelf 58 is located beneath an extension 60 of the Vslide 15 and thus'the carrier is firmly locked in placeV to permit the insertion of a shell in the magazine 12, the underside of the slide 15 and shelf 58 forming a' shell guide. f l

The magazine is filledthrough the loading opening 11 when the slide and breech- Vbloclr are in forward position, and as each shell is inserted in the magazine it is held by the cartridge stop which springs in behind the inserted shell. The shells are forced into the magazine against the usual springurged magazine follower 61 (Fig. 2).

Assuming that the magazine has been loaded, and it is desired to transfer a shell to the firing chamber, rearward movement of the action bar 17 and slide 15 will cause the rear Y end of the breech block to be positively pulled down by cam face 27 of the slide engaging the lug 25 so that continued rearward movement of the slide 15 will carry the breech block 18 along with it. During a part of the rearward movement ofthe slide 15 the latter will hold the carrier against any downward movement and some time after the extension of the slide 15 clears the shelf 58 a projection 62 of the arm 56 will enter a slot 63 formed in the slide 15 and as the slide 15 'continues its rearward movement the projection 62 will engage a cam portion 64 of the slot 63 elevating the carrier to bring Vthe shelf 58 in alignment with the chamber after which the projection 62 will ride on thek horizontal edge 65 of the slide holding the carrier in slightly elevated position until the projection 62 clears the slide (Fig. 7) whereupon the arms will be urged downwardly by a pair of springs 66 to the position shown in Fig. 7. Sometimes before the slide reaches the rear end of its stroke the cartridge stop 51 will be actuated to bring it in line with the second cartridge in the magazine. Sometime after this cam lug 54 engages cam 53 j of the cartridge stop 50, and just as the slide ly where it is supported by the

arms

56, 57 and shelf 58, Vas best shown in Fig. 7

15 is at the limit of its rearward movement the stop 50 is withdrawn from the first cartridge and the magazine follower 61 snaps the shell back where it strikes a portion 67 of the trigger plate 35 and drops downward- 1f another shell should be in the magazine it is forced rearwardly by the magazine follower 61 until it engages the end of the cartriolge stop 51.

A subsequent forward movement of the action bar 17 and slide 15 causes a cam face vbloclr 18 it passes between the

carrier arms

56 and 57 as shown in Fig. 4.Y After the vinitial VYforward movement of the slide 15 the projection 62 will ride upon the horizontal edge 65 of the slide retaining the carrier in elevated position while the breech block pushes the shell into the firing chamber. Thereafter projection 62drops into the slot 63 in the slide and the carrier is lowered by springs 66, permitting the slide extension 60V to pass over the shelf 58,; (Fig. 1 As previously stated the final movement'of the slide causes its Acam 28 co-operating with lug 25 to elevate the rear end of the breech bloclr to again engage the shoulder 23 in thereceiver with the end 24 of the 'block and positively lock the latter in firing position.

As the shell is pushed into the chamber the extractorr 7G and claw 71 (Fig.'5) both carried by the breech block 18' and urged by their respective coil springs snap int-oA engagement with the rim of the shell and securely hold the shell to the breech block as best shown in Fig. 4.

After the shell is fired by manipulation of the trigger 42, the slide is moved back, the

71 withdraw the red shell from the cham-V ber, and the shell is ejected by means which will now be described.

The ejector member 72 (Figs. 4 and 5) fits y in a slot 73 in the wall of the receiver 10 land carries a'pin 74 fitting in a hole 75 which is of a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the pin 74. A normally flexed flat spring 76 also fitting within the slot 73 of the receiver engages a reduced portion of the ejector 7 2 so that when the ejector is free the spring will rock the same to assist in ejecting vthe shell. The ejector 72 has a projecting lug 77 adapted to lit within a longitudinal slot 78 formed on one side of the breech block 18. W hen the breech bloclr 18 is moved forwardly from the position shown in Fig. 5,

the bottom of the slot 78 co-acting with the inclined edge 79 of the lug 77 will rock the ejector to the position shown in Fig. 4 flush with the receiver wall'.

forwardlythe carrier is being elevated and the arm 56 thereof engaging the ejector member will retain it in the position shown in Fi. 4. At the eXtreme forward position of the breech block the slot 78 clears the lug 77 but the arm 56 will still retain the ejector 72 withinthe receiver wall slot 73. In order that the arm 56 may not interfere with the j It will be recalled. that at the time the breech block is moving nism during a shell feeding operation.

vejector lug 77 when'the arm 56 retains the ejector v72 within the receiver wall slot 7 3 the arm 56 is cut at 561 to clear the lug 77 as best shown in Figs. 2 and 4. When the breech block is moved rearwardly carrying the fired shell with it the lug 77 will re-enter the slot 78 and at the eXtreme rearward movement of the block the lug will clear the slot permitting the spring 76 to rock the ejector member 72 quickly. As the block reaches its final rearward `movement the shell contacting with the lug 77 of the ejector will rock the shell about the point caught by the extractor 70 (as shown in Fig.' 5) it being understood that the spring 7 6 exerts its force upon the ejector to quickly rock the ejector assisting in ejecting the shell through the port hole 13 of the receiver lO.

The present invention also contemplates the provision of a projection (like the projection 62 on the carrier arm 56) on the arm 57 co-acting in a similar manner with the slide l5 so that the armV 57 will be actuated simultaneously. The slide l5 will then exert a similar and equal lifting force on both carrier arms. In the eventthat the springs 66 shouldnot depress the carrier quick enough to insure the passing of the extension of the slide l5 over the shelf 58 the extension 60 will cofact with a bevel edgel (Fig. 7) of the shelf 58 to force the'carrier to its proper position.

To insure that the rim of the extracted shell will not strike the forward edge of the shelf 58 the forward end thereof is preferably dished at 82 and to guide the rim of the Shell over the

carrier arms

56 and 57 the upper inner faces ofthe arms may be provided with oppositely beveled guide surfaces 83 (Fig. l).

It will also be noted that if the bar 30 was not provided the rim of a shell might be elevated high enough so that the rim co-acts with the shoulder 23 and thus jam the mecharlhe bar 30 effectively prevents this and keeps the shell down upon the carrier to insure proper feeding operations.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the front of the ejector member 7 2 is directly in line with the extension 67 of the trigger plate 35 so that it also acts to stop the rearward movement of the shell in a shell feeding operation and to prevent it from getting beyond its proper lposition into the rear portion of the receiver.

Variations in the structureillustrated and described may be resorted to, it being understood that the embodiment of the invention herein shown is illustrative rather than restrictive, and that the invention is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

lVhat is claimed is l. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a reciprocating slide, a breech block supported on theV slide, a carrier having arms pivoted inthe receiver one located at .each

vside of the breech .block between which the 2. .In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a reciprocating slide, a breech block mounted on the slide, a carrier comprising a pair of arms pivoted in the receiver one located at each side of the breech block between which the breech blockis adapted to pass the arms having their free ends integrally connected by a shelf, said slide being adapted to engage said arms and shelf to lock said carrier when the breach block and slide are in their forward position. Y l

3. In a firearm, the combination of a rcceiver, a reciprocating slide, a breech block supported thereon, a carrier having arms pivoted within the receiver one located at each side of the breech block between which the breech block is adapted to pass, the arms of such carrier being joined at their forward ends by an integral cartridge supporting shelf, and means operated by the slide for elevating the carrier.

4l. ln a firearm, the combination of a receiver., a reciprocating slide, a breech block supported thereon, carrier having arms pivoted within the receiver, one located at each side of the breech block between which the breech block passes, means whereby the vslide locks the carrier, means operated by the slide for elevating the carrier when the latter is unlocked by the slide, vand meansacting on said arms for depressing said carrier to permit the carrierto clear said slide.

`5. ln a firearm, the combination of a recip-rocating actuating mechanism including. a slide, a. barrel having a firing chamber, a magazine, a receiver provided Awith entrances adjacent the firing chamber andmagazine, a carrier pivoted inthe receiver adapted to be moved from a shell-receiving position in line -witht'he magazine entrance to a shell-feeding position in line with the firing chamber, said carrier having an intermediate position, and means whereby the carrier is locked in its intermediate position by the slide to facilitate the insertion of the shells inthe maga.-

zine.

6. In a rearm, the combination of a reciprocating actuating mechanism including a slide, a barrel having a firing chamber, a mag azine, a receiver provided with entrances adjacent the firingchamber and magazine, a carrier pivoted in the receiver adaptedlto be moved from a shell-receiving position in line with the magazine entrance to a shell-feeding position in line with the firing chamber said carrier having an intermediate position,

means whereby the carrier is locked in its intermediate position by the slide to facilitate the insertion of the shells inthe magazine, spring means for depressing the carrier in line with the magazine entrance to receive a shell when the actuating mechanism is moved in one direction, and cam means carried by the slide for positively elevating the carrier above its intermediate position to place the shell in line with the firing chamber when the actuating mechanism is moved in the other direction,

7 In a rearm, the combination of a receiver having magazine and firing chamber entrances, a carrier having arms pivoted within the receiver, a breech action reciprocable in the receiver including a slide, means carried by the slide for locking the carrier in a position intermediate the magazine and firing chamber entrances, spring means for depressing the carrier to a position adjacent the magazine entrance to receive a. shell, and cam means operable by the slide for elevating the carrier to position the shell adjacent the firing chamber entrance.

8. Ina firearm, the combination of a. receiver having magazine and firing chamber entrances, a carrier having arms pivoted within the receiver, said carrier having a position intermediate the magazine and firing chamber entrances to facilitate the insertion of shells in the magazine, spring means acting on the carrier arms to depress the carrier to a shell-receiving position, a reciprocable breech action including a slide, cam means operable by the slide when the action is moved in one direction to elevate the carrier in line with the firing chamber and therefore permit the spring means to depress the carrier to a shell-receiving position, and supplemental cam means for reversely moving the carrier to position it in line with the firing chamber to permit the breech action to insert the shell therein.

9. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver having magazine and firing chamber entrances, a carrier having arms pivoted within the receiver, said carrier having a position intermediate the magazine and firing chamber entrances to facilitate the insertion of shells in the magazine, spring means acting on the carrier arms eifective to depress the carrier to a shell-receiving position, a reciprocable breech action including a slide, cam means operable by the slide when the action is moved in one direction to elevate the carrier in line with the firing chamber and thereafter permit the spring means to depress the carrier to a shell-receiving position, supplemental cam means for reversely moving the carrier to position it in line with the ring chamber to permit the breechvaction to insert the shell therein, and means whereby the slide locks the carrier in its intermediate position.

pressed to position it adjacent the magazine V entrance to receive a fresh shell during one movement of the breech action, and then elevated to position the carrier and fresh shelll adjacent the firing chamber entrance to permit the breech action to force the shell into the iiring chamber during the other movement of the breech action, said carrier having a position intermediate the aforementioned positions when the action is closed.

11. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver having magazine and firing chamber entrances, a carrier adapted to be positioned to receive a fresh shell at the magazine entrance, a reciprocable breech action and means whereby the carrier is positioned adj acent the firing chamber and then depressed to position it adjacent the magazine entrance to receive a fresh shell during one movement of the breech action and then elevated to position the carrier and fresh shell adjacent the firing chamber entrance to permit the breech action to force the shell into the firing chamber during the other movement of the breech action, said carrier having a position intermediate the magazine andy firing chamber entrances when the action is closed, and means whereby the slide locks the carrier in intermediate position when the action is closed whereby insertion of the shells in the magazine may be facilitated.

12. In a firearm, the combination of a reciprocating breech block, a firing chamber, means carried by the breech block for withdrawing a fired shell from the firing chamber during its rearward movement, an ejector provided with a lug co-operating with the shell for Vejecting the fired shell during the rearward movement of the breech block, a channel in the breech block adapted to receive said ejector lug to permit forward movement of said breech block, and a carrier operated by said breech block and adapted to hold said ejector within the receiver wall when the ejector is disengaged from the breech block to permit rearward movement of said breech block.

13. ln a firearm, the combination of aY reciprocating breech block, a receiver provided with a locking shoulder adapted to co-operate with-the breech block, a recess in said receiver forward of said shoulder provided with a slot, a bar received by said slot, means for securing the bar to the receiver, and a channel in said breech block co-operating with said bar.

CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS.

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