US1763702A - Starter for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

June 17, 1930. J. HASSELBRING. JR 1,763,702

STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 10, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet. l

M ATTORNEY June 1930. J. HASSELBRING. JR 1,763,702

STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 10. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet, 2

TORNEY.

Patented June 17, 1930 l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

II'OHN HASSELBRING, JR., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR -TO ROYALTY HOLDING COMPORATION, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORQTION OF NEW YORK STARTER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed January 10, 1929. Serial No. 331,883.

My invention relates to starters for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to an electrically controlled mechanism which, upon the closing of a' manually operative 5 switch in. the circuit to the engine ignition system, will operate to successively connect the starting motor with the engine shaft, and close an electric circuit to the starting motor and maintain this condition until the engine is operating under its own power, whereupon it will operateto permit the automatic interruption of the circuit to the starting motor, and the mechanical disconnection of the starting motor from the engine shaft.

Heretofore, electrically controlled starters for internal combustion engines have been extensively used, in which the closing of the ignition switch resulted in the closing of a circuit direct tothe starting motor by means of Swan electro-magnet-ic switch, the mechanical connection of the motor with the engine shaft occurring as a result of the actuation of the startin motor. With this type of starter,

when t e enginewas operating under its own power, the circuit to the magnetic switch was automatically interrupted, thus interrupting the power to the starting motor, the stoppage of the starting motor resulting in the automatic disconnection of said motor from the i" engine shaft.

With the type of starter above referred to, the various control devices were purely electrical in their functioning, thus adapting them for use solely with a power transmission means between the starting motor and the engine shaft, which functioned entirely independently of any of the electrical controls in the starter, and in which the starting motor was coupled to the engine shaft following the closing of the circuit to said motor.

The type of starter above referred to, not only did not develop suflicient power as av result of the energizing of the electro-magnet to do anything more thanactuate the contact members of the'magnetic switches, but the various electro-magnets were so constructed as to ensure reliability in the movement of such contacts and a desired sensitive action making them responsive to the low potential of the circuits in which they were arranged,

and possible variation in this potential, particularly as to the generator circuit. I

There has also long been'in use, a type of manually operative internal combustion engine starter in which the coupling between the starting motor and the engine shaft was manually set by means of a foot pedal which, after the setting of the coupling, actuated a switch in a circuit from a storage battery or other source to the starting motor.

The type of electrical starter above referred to was not applicable to this type of manually operative starter. I

- My present invention relates to a deviceineluding therein an arrangement of electrical controls employing magnetic switches constructed and combined in a manner similar to that of the electrically controlled starters above referred to. These switches, however, are so combined with relation to other me-. chanical and electrical devices in the starter as to secure an entirely different mode of operation in the device as a whole and the adaptation of these old controls to the type of manually operative starter above referred to. In the operation of this device, physical movement is imparted to one of the coupling members between the starting motor and the engine shaft, and the switch controlling the circuit to the starting motor is not closed until immediately after the setting of said coupling members, and such closing is by a purely mechanical movement.

With the new combination and relation of parts of the starter of my invention, the closing of the ignition switch will result in the actuation of difi'erent electrical controls in succession and in a manner to secure the desired mechanical movement to couple the starting motor with the engine shaft, to apply power to the starting motor immediately thereafter, and to maintain this condition until the engine is operating under its own power.

The engine has associated therewith a generator, arranged in a closed circuit from which is a magnetic switch, so that with the energizing of the electro-magnet of this switch, all of the other electrical controls will be made inoperative, thus permitting, first the intering under its own power, are highly sensitive.

The construction and arrangement of parts is such that in the event of the stoppage of the engine for any reason other than the interruption of the circuit to the ignition system, the various electrical devices will immediately function to automatically set the coupling between the starting motor and the engine shaft and close the circuit to the starting motor so as to require no attention from the operator of an automobile. This automatic re-starting feature is an essential characteristic of the invention, and the combination of parts is such as to secure reliability in this action.

To ensure a properly. timed actuation, and as a safeguard against a possible failure, of the electrical control for interrupting all circuits in the device, excepting that to the ignition system, a suction device, connected with the engine intake manifold and operative upon the movable contact of the magnetic switch arranged in the generator circuit, may be provided in the combination. Notwithstanding that this suction device is used mainly as a safeguard, it nevertheless cooperates at all times with the magnetic switch with which it is associated and ensures great reliability in the timing of the making, and interrupting of the circuit to the magnetic switch controlled by the ignition switch when the engine is operating under. its own power.

The invention consists primarily in a starter for internal combustion engines, of the class in which power. from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine through a coupling having a movable member actuated by a lever,

and in which there are a circuit from said source to said motor, a switch in said circuit acted upon by said lever, a circuit from said source, an ignition system included in said last named circuit and a generator -driven from said engine, embodying therein an electro-receptive device having a winding, mechanical connections between said device and said lever, a normally open magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, a circuit from said source including said contacts and the winding of said electro-receptive device, a

normally closed magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, the contacts of which control the circuit including the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, a manually operative switch simultaneously controlling the circuits from said source to said ignition system, and to the contacts of said normally closed magnetic switch and the winding of said formally open magnetic switch, and electrical connections between said generator and the winding of said normally closed magnetic switch; and in such other novel features of construction and combination of parts, as are hereinafter set forth and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

Referring to the drawings,

Fig. lis a side elevation, partly in section, of a portion of an internal combustion engine, showing the starter of my invention applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the mechanical'connections between the electroreceptive device and the lever for actuating the coupling mechanism, and the switch controlling the circuit to the starting motor;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a view showing a portion of the mechanical features of the engine, and illustrating diagrammatically the electrical and pneumatic conditions in the starter.

Like numerals and letters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

The invention is illustrated in connection with a well known construction of internal combustion engine and its appurtenances. In the drawings, the engine itself is indicated at E, and its intake manifold at M.

The ignition system is indicated at I; the

generator driven from the engine at- G, and the starting motor at SM. The source, usually a secondary or storage battery, is shown at B, and the manually operative switch controlling the circuit from this battery to the ignition system, at S. Not only are the general construction and arrangement of these parts old and well known in the art, but they are subject to wide variation, my invention relating to an automatic controlling device applicable to such an engine or to similar engines.

In addition to the engine characteristics above referred to, means are provided by which the power of the motor SM may be temporarily applied to the engine, this means consisting of a mechanical coupling ordinarily including a gear wheel F carried by the. engine flywheel, a gear wheel H, carried by the shaft of the starting motor SM, and gear wheels J and K carried by a shaft L, the gear J being shiftable upon said shaft.

Acting upon the shaft L is a lever N, connected by the crank and lever mechanism 0 with a foot pedal 0 positioned below the instrument board of an automobile. The motor SM is provided with a normally open spring actuated switch mechanism indicated at P, engageable by the lever N toward the end of the movement of this lever upon the actuation of the foot pedal 0. Acting upon the lever N is a spring R, normally returning this lever to its normal position out of engaging relation with the switch mechanism P.

The general construction above described is also old and well known in the art in connection with manually actuated starters. These mechanisms, however, are utilized in the starter of my invention, the purpose of which is to cause the automatic oscillation of the lever N by means of an electro-receptive device, the circuit to which isso controlled as to cause the temporary engagement of the gears F and J, prior to the actuation of the switch P to close the circuit to the motor SM, and the interruption of the circuit to the motor SM immediately preceding the disengagement of said gears respectively. This result is secured by a certain arrangement of magnetic switches which will ensure the energizing of the electroreceptive device simultaneously wit-h the closing of the circuit to the ignition system I, and the de-energization of said electroreceptive device independently of the actuation of said switch S, when the engine is operating under its own power. This arrangement ensures that at all times, while the engine is operating under its own power, the circuit to the motor SM will be interrupted and the coupling between same and the engine shaft will be inoperative, but instantly, in the event of the stoppage or material slowing down of the motor while the switch S is closed, the gear J will be shifted and the circuit to the starting motor automatically closed so as to re-start the engine. As generally stated in this particular art, the stalling of the engine is prevented by the use of the starter of the invention.

While, in a starter embodying the invention, the lever N may be actuated through the foot pedal 0 by the link and lever connections O, I also place this lever under the control of an electro-receptive device consisting of a pivoted solenoid 10, the core 11 of which is pivotally connected by means of a yoke 12 and stem 13 with an offset bracket 14, pivoted at 15 to said lever N. This bracket consists of a pair of spaced plates, shown more particularly in Fig. 3, positioned upon opposite sides of the lever N and provided with a connecting pin 16 engageable with said lever. nects the link and lever system 0 to said lever N. The core 11 is loosely mounted in the opening in the solenoid 10 so as to not only permit ease in the movement of said core, but permit a floating action thereof to compensate for the are described by the yoke The pivot 15 also con- 12, stem 13 and the core 11, with the movement of said bracket 14.

The winding of said solenoid 10 is in direct connection through the leads 17, 18 and 19 with the source B, which source is grounded.

at G Said winding is also connected by the lead 20 through the fixed contacts 21 and 22 and movable contact 23 of a magnetic switch with the ground as shown at G A spring 24 acts upon the movable contact 23 to normally maintain it out of engagement with the fixed contacts 21 and 22. In this manner, the winding of the solenoid is in its own circuit from the source B, so that the solenoid may be so constructed as to develop the desired power without regard to any other electrical conditions in the starter.

The switch mechanism P, shown conventacts 25 and 26, and a bridge contact 27 havlever N, a spring 28 acting to normally maintain the contact 27 out of engagement with the contacts 25 and 26. The contact25 is in circuit with the source B through the leads 18 and 19. The contact 26 is connected directly with the starting motor SM through the lead 29, thus causing the motor SM to be connected directly with the source B when the switch P is closed by the lever N. At G I have shown the ground connection for the motor, completing this circuit. I

It will be noted that the lead 19 feeds the ignition system I, and contains therein the manually operative switch S, and that the lead 18 tapsthe lead 19 between the switch S and thesource B, so that the switch S has no direct influence in controlling the circuit to the motor SM, or the circuit to the winding of the solenoid 10.

The movable contact 23 of the magnetic switch controlling the circuit to the solenoid 10 is actuated by means of a solenoid 30, the core 31 of which is connected with said movable contact and actuates the same against the tension of the spring 24 having a normal tendency to disengage said movable contact from the fixed contacts 21 and 22. One end of the winding of the solenoid 30 is connected by a lead 32, through contact members 33 and 34 and lead 35, with the lead 19 between the switch S and the ignition system I. The contact 34 is movable, being normally engaged with the opposed fixed contact 33 by the spring 36.

By this arrangement it will be noted that the circuit to the winding of the solenoid 30 is directly controlled by the switch S, so long as the engine is not operating, and when the engine is operating under its own power, directly by the contacts 33 and 34, which are under the control of an ordinary electro-magnetic winding 37, which is in circuit with the generator G through a lead 38 and, with the ground connection G through a lead '39. The ground connection for the generator Gris shown at G"=. In connection with the generator G, I have shown an ordinary automatic cutout C also grounded at G.

, The contact 34 is pivoted at the point of connection with the lead 35 therewith, and is provided with an extension 40 acted upon by a stem 41 of a piston 42, mounted within a cylinder 43. Acting upon said piston 42, with a normal tendency to move the stem outwardly of the cylinder. 43, is a spring 44. Communicating with one end of the cylinder 43 is a pipe connection 45, leading to the engine manifold M.

By this arrangement it will be noted that the magnet 37 and the piston 42 act simultaneously upon the movable contact 34 in disengaging this contact from the fixed contact 33, and that the springs 36 and44 act simultaneously to cause the engagement of these contacts, and that in the event of a failure of the magnet 37 or of the piston 42 to act properly while the other is operative, nevertheless the contact 34 will still be actuated to interrupt the circuit to the winding of the solenoid 30.

The spring R is connected with the arm N by means of the plate 46, having the spaced openings therein so as to permit the adjustment of the tension of this spring in order to approximately balance the power of the spring with that which the solenoid 10 may develop. Other means of adjustment may be.

used, but this affords a simple adjustment means.

The solenoid 30 and its contacts, the magnet 37 and its contact, and the cylinder 43 and its appurtenances are all contained within a casing AS shown in Fig. 1. While the contents of the casing AS have been'extensively used in connection with an all-electrical control for a starting device, their relation to other mechanisms and devices in the starter of my present application results in an entirely new mode of operation as a wohle, which operation will now be described.

Assuming that the electrical and pneumatic conditions areas illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings, and that the mechanical conditions are as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the engine E will be at rest. When the driver of an automobile desires to start the engine he merely actuates the switch S to close the circuit from the battery to the ignition system I, so that upon the turning over the engine, the charge delivered to some of the cylinders will be ignited. The closing of this switch S will also complete the circuit from the source B through the leads 19 and 35, contacts 34 and 33, lead 32 and the winding of the solenoid 30, thus energizing said solenoid.

With the movement of the core 31 inwardly of the winding of the solenoid 30, the bridge contact 23 will be engaged with the-fixed contacts 21 and 22, thus closing a circuit from the source B through the leads 19, 18 and 17, the winding of the solenoid 10, the connection 20 between same and the contact 21 and the ground connection G thus energizing this solenoid as a result of the energizing of the solenoid 30. i

The movement of the core 11 of the solenoid 10, following the energizing of said solenoid will impart to the yoke 12 and stem 13 a reciprocatory movement which will act upon the offset bracket 14 to impart oscillatory movement to the lever N against the tension of'the spring R. The oscillation of said lever N will first shift the gear J to the left, Fig. 1, to engage said gear with the gear F, the gear K being meshed with gear H. After such engagement of the gears, the end of the lever N'will engage the self-opening switch P, and therethrough impart movement to the movable contact 27 of said switch against the tension of the spring 28 of said switch, (see Fig. 4) so as to engage it with the fixed contacts 25 and 26. This will close a circuit direct from the source B through the leads 18 and 19, contacts 25, 26 and 27 and lead 29 to the starting motor SM, and thus develop power in said motor which is applied through the gears HK and J--F to the engine shaft. This relation of parts will be maintained by the solenoid 10 until the engine is operating under its own power at a speed which will actuate the generator G and develop suiiicient power to energize the winding of the electromagnet 37. The energizing of this magnet will attract the movable contact 34 and thus disengage it'from the contact 33 and interrupt the circuit from the Source B, through Zaid contacts, to the winding of the solenoid With the de-energizing of said solenoid 30, the spring 24 will move the contact 23 out of engagement with the contacts 21 and 22, thus interrupting the circuit in which the winding of the solenoid 10 is included, tie-energizing said solenoid and permitting the'spring R to impart a return movement-to the lever N,

drawing the core 11 outwardly of the solenoid 10, and successively separating the contact 27 from the contacts 25 and 26 and moving the shaft L to the right until the gear J is disengaged from the gear F. In other unconnected with the windings of the other magnets or solenoids, and there isadire'ct flow of current from the source to thestarting motor without passing it through any of the electro-receptive dev ces included in the either the generator or the suction device,

when they are working to their full efficiency, are capable of actuating the movable contact member 34. their conjoint use ensures a degree of reliability in the action of each not inherent to either alone. a

While the winding 37 and the suction device may each be considered. as a safeguard against the improper actuation of the solenoid 10, in the event of the failure of the other to function, the possibility of such failure is so remote that the combination of both of these devices in the starter may be considered merely from the standpoint of the increased reliability which is secured, rather than the safeguard afi'orded.

It is a well known fact that devices operated by suction developed in the engine manifold are subject to a wide range of variation in their working conditions, due to varying suctions developed in the manifold as a result of sudden changes of position of the throttle valve of a carburetor. It is true, that ordinarily these conditions are but momentary, nevertheless they exist, particularly with the sudden acceleration of engine speed. This acceleration of engine speed,

however, will ensure a more effective operaion of even a poor generator. At lower speeds, however, particularly at idling speeds, the generator and the suction device both operate at low efiiciency.

Under the first condition, the magnet 37, with its increased efiici-ency, will overcome the tendency of the spring 44 of the suction device to actuate the contact 34.

Under the second condition, the magnet 37 and the suction device will develop sufiicient combined power to actuate said contact 34 to cause the interruption of the circuit to the solenoid 30.

There is a third condition, when the automobile engine is operating at moderate speeds, in which case both the magnet 37 and t e suction device will operate to develop more than sufiicient power to maintain the contact 34 out of engaging relation with the contact 33.

Consequently, the use of both the suction device and the magnet is to take care of extraordinary conditions when their combined action is necessary to avoid possibility of the clashing and possible mutilation of gears as a result of the actuation of" the solenoid 10 while the engine is running.

It will be noted that the operation of the device is dependent solely upon the switch S. If this switch be open, the starter cannot be actuated in the manner described. The foot pedal O need not be used, although since this is a part of the standard equipment of a car, it may be retained. The spring R, as stated, is the ordinary spring, and the hole in the lever N usually used for attaching this spring to said lever is, in the present, utilized for securing the plate 46 in relation to the lever. The pin 16 ensures the application of the power from the bracket 14 to the lever N, and is used merely because the plates of the bracket 14 are attached by means of a pivot to the lever N, which also serves as a connection for the link and lever system 0, and this pin 16 secures additional strength and reliability of the o eration of the lever.

The etails of construction herein described, particularly those relating to the mechanisms employed for connecting the core 11 of the solenoid 10 with the lever N, are utilized to adapt the starter for use upon otherwise completed cars, or to facilitate its distributionvas an accessory.

Particularly if the starter of the invention is to be included as a part of the standard equipment of a car, such details may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent, is 2-- 1. In a starter for internal combustion engines, of the class in which power from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine through a coupling having a movable member actuated by Y a lever, a circuit from said source to said motor, a switch in said circuit acted upon by said lever, acircuit from said source, an ignition system included in said last named circuit, and a generator driven from said engine, an electro-receptive device having a winding, mechanical connections between said device and said lever, a normally open magnetic controlling the circuits from said source to.

said ignition system, and to the contacts of said normally closed magnetic switch and the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, and electrical connections between said generator and the winding of said normally closed magnetic switch.

2. In a starter for internal combustion engines, of the class in which' power from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine having an intake manifold through a coupling having a movable member actuated by a lever, and in" which there are a circuit from said source to said motor, a switch in said circuit acted upon by said-lever, a circuit from said source, an 1gnition system included in said last named circuit and a generator driven from said engine, an electro-receptive device having a winding, mechanical connections between said device and said lever, a normally open magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, a circuit from said source including said contacts and the winding of said electroreceptive device, a normally closed magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, the contacts of which control the circuit including the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, and one of which contacts is pivotally mounted, a manually operative switch simultaneously controlling the circuits from said source to said ignition system, and to the contacts ofsaid normally closed magnetic switch and the winding of said nor- Y mally open magnetic switch, electrical connections between said generator and the winding of said normally closed magnetic switch, a suction device, connections between same and said engine manifold, and connections between same and said pivotally mounted contact. r

3. In a starter for internal combustion engines, of the class in which power from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine through a coupling having a movable member actuated by a lever, a circuit from said source to said motor, a switch in said circuit acted upon by said lever, a circuit from said source, an ignition system included in said last named circuit and a generator driven from said engine, a solenoid having a winding and a core, a bracket carried by said lever, a spring acting upon said lever, means pivotally' connected with said bracket and connected with the core of said solenoid, whereby with the energizing of said solenoid, said lever will be actuated to set said coupling and act upon said switch included in the circuit from said source to said motor, and with the de-encrgizing of said solenoid, said spring will restore said parts to their normally inoperative positions, a normally open magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, a circuit from sai source including said contacts and the winding of said solenoid, a normally closed magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, the contacts of which control the circuit including the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, a manually operative switch simultaneously controlling the circuits from said source to said ignition system, and to the contacts of said normally closed magnetic switch and the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, and electrical connections between said generator and the winding of said normally closed magnetic switch. I

4. In a starter for internal combustion engines, of the class in which power from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine having an intake manifold through a coupling having a movable member actuated by a lever, and in which there are-a circuit from said source to said motor, a switch in saidcircuit acted upon by said lever, a circuit from said source, an ignition system included in said last named circuit and a generator driven from said engine, a solenoid having a winding and a core, a bracket carried by said lever, a spring acting upon said lever, means pivotally connected with said bracket and connected with the core of said solenoid, whereby with the energizing of said solenoid, said lever will be actuated to set' said coupling and act upon said switch included in the circuit from said source to said motor, and with the de-energizing of said solenoid, said spring will restore said parts to their normally inoperative positions, a normally open magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, a circuit from said source including said contacts and the winding of said solenoid, a normally closed magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, the contacts of which control the circuit including the winding of said normally open .magnetic switch, and one of which contacts is pivotally mounted, a manually operative switch simultaneously controlling the circuits from said source to said ignition system, and to the contacts of said normally closed magnetic switch and the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, electrical connections between said generator and the winding of said normally closed magnetic switch, a suction device, connections between same and said engine manifold, and connections between same and said pivotally mounted contact.

5. In a starter for internal combustion engines, of the class in which power from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine through a coupling having a movable member actuated by a lever, a circuit from said source to said motor, a switch in said circuit acted upon by said lever, a circuit from said source, an ignition system included in said last named circuit and a generator driven from said engine, a solenoid having a winding and a core, a bracket carried by said lever, a spring acting upon said lever, means pivotally connected with said bracket and connected with the core of said solenoid, whereby with the energizing of said solenoid, said lever will be actuated to set said coupling and act upon said switch included in the circuit from said tive positions, means whereby the tension of said spring may be adjusted so that its tension will be properly proportioned to the power developed by said solenoid, a normally open magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, a circuit 'from said source including said contacts and the winding of said solenoid, a normally closed magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, the con tacts of which control the circuit including the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, a manually operative switch simultaneously controlling the circuits from said source to said ignition system. and to the contacts of said normally closed magnetic switch and the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, and electrical connections between said generator and the winding of said normally closed magnetic switch.

6. In a starter'for internal combustion engines, of the class in which power from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine having an intake manifold through a coupling having a movable member actuated by alever, in which there are a circuit from said source to-said motor, a switch in said circuit acted upon by said lever, a circuit from said source, an ignition system included in said last named circuit and a generator driven from said engine, a solenoid having a winding and a core, a bracket carried by said lever, a spring acting upon said lever, means pivotally connected with said bracket and connected with the core of said solenoid, whereby with the energizing of said solenoid. said lever will be actuated to set said coupling and act upon said switch included in the circuit from said source to said motor, and with the de energizing of said solenoid. said spring will restore said parts to their normally inoperative posltions, means whereby the tension of said spring may be ad1ustcd so that its tenvsion will be properly proportioned to the power developed by aid solenoid, a normally Open magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, a circuit from said source includ ing said contacts and the winding of said solenoid, a normally closed magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, the contacts device, connections between same and said engine manifold, and connections between same and said pivotally mounted contact.

7. In a starter for internalcombustion engines, of the class inwhich power from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine through a coupling having a movable member actuated by a lever, a circuit from said source to said motor, a switch in said circuit acted upon by said lever, a circuit from said source, an ignition system included in said last named circuit and a generator driven from said engine, a solenoid having a winding and a core, a bracket carried by-said lever, a spring acting upon said lever, a forked member pivotally connected with said bracket, a stem carried by said'forked member and connected with the core of said solenoid, whereby with the energizing'of said solenoid, saidlever will be actuated to set said coupling and act upon said switchincluded in the circuit from saidsource to said motor, and with the de-energizing of said solenoid, said spring will restore said parts to their normally inoperative positions, a normally open magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, circuit from said source including said contacts and the winding of said solenoid, a normally closed magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, the contacts of which control the circuit including the winding of said first named magnetic switch, a manually operative switch simultaneously controlling the circuits from said source to said ignition system, and to the contacts of said normally closed magnetic switch and the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, and

electrical connections between said generator and the Winding of said normally closed magnetic switch.

8. In a starter for internal combustion engines, of the class in which power from an electric source is temporarily applied by an electric motor to an engine through a coupling having a movable member actuated by a lever, a. circuit from said source to said motor, a switch in said circuit acted upon by said lover, a circuit from said source, an ignition system included in said last named circuit and a generator is driven from said engine, an electro-receptive device having a winding, mechanical connections between said device and said lever, a normally open magnetic switch havin a winding and contacts, a circuit from sai source including said contacts and the winding of said electro-receptive device, a normally closed magnetic switch having a winding and contacts, the contacts of which control the circuit including the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, a manually operative switch simultaneously controlling the circuits from said source to said ignition system, and to the contacts of said normally closed magnetic switch and the winding of said normally open magnetic switch, electrical connections between said generator and the winding of sa1d normally closed magnetic switch, a foot pedal, and a link and lever connection between said foot pedal and said lever, whereby said movable member of said switch, in a circuit from said source to said motor, may be manually actuated independently of said electro-receptive device.

In witness whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature this 10th day of December, 1928.

JOHN HASSELBRING, JR.

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