US1760682A - Collecting conduit for the exhaust pipes or internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

'Wly 25d/9 5:1 A @@Yggm L7692 COLLECTING CONDUIT FOR THE EXHAUST PIPES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Oct. 2O 1926 Patented May 2.7, 1930 UNITED STATES FRIEDRICH .AUGUST BOYSEN, OF LEIPZIG, GERMANY COLLECTING CONDUIT FOB THE EXHAUST PIPES OR INTERNAL-CMBUSTION ENGINES AApplication led October 20, 1926, Serial No. 142,856, and in Germany Api-i122, 1925.

My invention relates to muiiling or silencing means for the exhaust passages of an internal combustion engine, and has particular relation to such means as'are positioned directly at the exhaust outlet from the engine thereby permitting an instantaneous expansion of the exhaust gases dischargedfromthe engine cylinders.

Silencers or muiilers heretofore utilized 1o have comprised in general lengthy exhaust.

pipeshaving at their outer ends muilier 'devices consisting of a number of obstructions. These obstructions are so placed that the path ofthe exhaust gas to the atmosphere is some.- what broken up.' However, attempts heretofore made to secure an actual suppression of the noise caused by engine explosion have, so far as I am aware, not been successful. For instance, it has beenproposed to insert a device for permitting expansion of the gases bef tween the engine exhaust v land the 'muiiien This latter apparatus, however, comprised partitions which impeded the `free iiow of the gases and did not suppress discharge noises produced bythe engine. l

My invention provides for an instantaneous expansion of the exhaust gas as the latter is discharged from the cylinders oi an internal combustion engine. Moreover, the

the space into which the gases are discharged is such that gyratory' motion is imparted to the expanding gases. The body into which the gases are expanded is tapering from its inlet to its outlet end and, as I will hereinafter more fully explain, the combination of the aforesaid gyratory movement of the gas with the tapering form ofthe device results in a continuously flowing jet of exhaust gases wherefrom the noises of the individual explosions are substantially suppressed'.

. The above characteristics are obtained in an apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention by causing the exhaust gases to entertangentially into a smooth, cylindrical or spherical space, which latter is entirely free .from partitions or obstructions. vThe cross-section, of said hollow body-at the point of tangential ,connection-is several .s ...q-m.,

connection between the engine exhaust andx times greater than that of the exhaust pipe` from the engine which, as before indicated, permits of instantaneous expansion. Moreover, the body tapers in a substantially -conical form, becoming gradually narrower until at its outlet end it is practically the diametery of the exhaust passage.

For a better understanding of my invention reference may be had to the accompanyy ing drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a artially diagrammatic view of a motor car aving my improved apparatus mounted thereon; l

Figures 2 and 3 are respectively end elevavtional and side elevational views of portions of my improved device;

Figure 4 is a side elevational view of a moiiication of the device shown in Fig. 3; an v Figures 5 and 6 are side elevational and top plan views of a stillffurther form of the device embodying my invention. f

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, my improved device l1 is shown mounted directly on the engine 2 of a motor car 4:, there being the usual silencing or muf- `iler 3 on said car, asshown. I

Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the normal exhaust pipe of the channel from the engine is shown at 6. This latter is tangentially con- `nected to a 'hollow spherical or cylindrical body 7, which latter tapers toward the outlet end 8 thereof, being'bounded by the curved sides 9 and 10 which are shaped in accordance with the prevailing conditions'in the car. As shown in Fig. 3, the bend in the expansion chamber is approximately 90 turn. J

The exhaust gases are' projected through the pipe 6 into the body 7 with great force whereby a gyratory motion is imparted thereto, as shown by the indicating line 11. Be-

. cause of the force with which these gases are fed into the bodyl? and because of the tapering shape of the latter,'the gyrating motion results in a somewhat spiral formation of the gas wherefrom an unoccupied .zone 12 is left vin `the center-of the device (as shown by the shaded arrow 12): The tapering form of the Y device causes the. spirally movingv gas stream to gradually coalesce and at the extreme lower end 'of the devicethe gas stream is directed outwardly in a smoothly, uniformly fiowing stream. The combination of gyratory inotion, the tapering form of device and the resultant free zone, as indicated above, insures that the exhaust gas may expand entirely free from any throttling action.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a further development of my invention in that the collecting or expansion chamber is provided with two similar tapering portions.

The device shown inFigs. 5 and 6 illustrates the manner in which my invention is adapted to multiple cylinder engines. In the example shown there are six inlet openings, or primary exhaust passages, 6. 'The gas from each cylinder is given desirable gyrating motion towards the exhaust end 8 by reason of the tangential connection of the pipe 6 to the cylindrical space or body 13. The tapering portion is formedin the same manner as described in connection with Figure 3 and equivalent results are obtained.

While I have described but three embodiments of my'invention, it is apparent that the principle which forms the basis of this invention, and the manner of employing the same in an apparatus, may be utilized in many diiierentlforms by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and I desire, therefore, that my invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims and the showing of the prior art.

1. The method of suppressing the individual explosion noises of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, which comprises imparting a gyratory motion to the gas streams almost immediately when the same leave the exhaust ports of saidengine,

-the path of which motion initially has a diameter several times that of the entering gas streams, and which path is unobstructed whereby the gas streams are finally again reduced to the same cross-sectional size as they initially were individually, and passing said gases into a muiiier.

2. The method of suppressing the individual explosion noises in exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, which comprises imparting a gyratory motion to the gas streams almost immediately when saidv gas streams leave the exhaust ports of said engine, said motion'being first allowed to take place in a space several times larger than the gas streams, and thereafter gradually reducing the space in which said gyratory motion instaking place to a cross-section substantially that of an individual gas stream when it first entered said space, and passing said gases into a muiiier.

3`l In an exhaust device ,for an internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas passage adapted to lead directly from an engine cylinder, andan unobstructed tapering hollow body between said passage and a muiiier, the cross-sectional area Iof said body being substantially greater than that of said passage and said'passage being tangentially connected to said hollow body.

4. In an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust pipe adapted to be connected to the engine, comprising a hollow cylindrical body directly connected to the exhaust ports of said engine in such manner that a gyratory motion is imparted to Huid leaving said exhaust ports and entering said body, whereby a low pressure area is created axially in said cylindrical body.

5. In an exhaust [device for an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust pipe adapted to be connected directly to the exhaust ports of said engine, and comprising a hollow body having an entirely unobstructed interior, said body being so'formed and being so connected with said exhaust ports that fluids leaving said exhaust ports will enter said body and take a gyratory course through said body.

6. In an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust pipe adapted to be connected directly to the exhaust ports of said engine, and comprising a hollow body of an entirely unobstructed interior, said body being so formed and being so connected with said exhaust portsthat gases entering said body from said pipe will be given a gyratory motion and so expand as to leave a substantially free zone into which said gases may unobstructedly expand. v

7 In an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust pipe adapted to be connected directly to the exhaust ports of said engine which comprises a hollow body ot substantially cylindrical cross-section, said ports being tangentially connected to said body, and said body being tapered froml the points of connection with said ports to the outlet of said body.

8. In .an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of exhaust ports, a body for receiving the exhaust gases from said engine, and directly attached to the exhaust ports of said engine, said body being provided with means for causing said gases upon entry thereinto to flow in a well defined helical path gradually decreasing in diameter, which path becomes longitudinal of the ultimate direction of gas iow prior to theexit of said gas from said body.

9. In an exhaust devicefor an internal combusti-on engine comprising a plurality oi' exhaust ports, a body for ,receiving intermittent exhaust blasts directly roin the exhaust ports of said engine and transforming the same into a smoothly liowing stream to suppress individual explosion noises, said body aving a smooth unobstructed interior with which said exhaust ports are substantially tangentially connected and tapering from several times the cross-sectional area of each Which comprises a hollow tubular body en- I tirely smooth and unobstructed on its interior and having the inlets thereof so positioned that gases entering therethrough will. be given a rapid gyratory movement and will be caused to traverse said bo'dy While keeping up said gyratory movement.

11. Method of damping the explosive noises of the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines which comprises tangentially discharging said gases directly from the'exhaust ports of said engine into an internally smooth tubular'body of substantially larger diameter than said ports and having an unobstructed extension in one direction that gradually diminishes in internal diameter until it is substantially equal in diameter to one of said ports, and thereupon passing said gases through a muliier.

12. In an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of exhaust ports, a body for receiving intermittent exhaust blasts directly from said exhaust ports and transforming the same into a smoothly flowing stream to suppress individual explosion noises, said body having a smooth unobstructed interior and comprising a portion of relatively large cross-sectional area and a contiguous portion tapering to a relatively small cross-sectional area,'and inlets connected to said body along the portion of relatively large cross-sectional area thereof and adapted toybe connected to said exhaust ports for introducing the exhaust gases from said engine into said body in streams having a gyratory motion, an area unoccupied by gas being left in the axis of said body to promote the cushioning effect on said ases. g In testimony whereof I ax my signature.

FRIEDRICH AUGUST BOYSEN.

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