US1760172A - Valve gear for pumps and compressors - Google Patents

Description

May "27: 1930.

K. SCHOENE VALVE GEAR FOR PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS Filed April 5, 192a w 7 WE M u 7 w 7 X .V 7 1% g a 3 r \K\ 77 6 7 a rwrmkow Kwz/b Sohauw 1%, (90% Patented May 27, 1930 mam KURT SGHOENE, OF HAMBURG, GERMANY VALVE GEAR FOR PUMPS AND GOMPBESSORS Application filed April 5, 1928, Serial No.

In the pumps and compressors disclosed by my patent application Serial Number 267,671 dated April 5, 1928, in which the energy of the inflowing jet of liquid or gas is transmitted onto the head of the piston by deflection or reaction, the port length must be short in proportion to the complete piston-stroke, as otherwise the useful stroke, during which discharge takes place, forms too small a portion of the complete stroke. When the port is short, however, comparatively little work can transmitted on the piston by the inflowing jet. To utilize better the kinetic energy, it is advisable to make the flow of the fluid into the cylinder begin approximately at the middle or even in the first half of the pistonstroke. This invention makes this possible without limiting the useful pressure-stroke. According to the invention the port may be so located as to be overtraveled at any desired point of the suction-stroke of the piston. The bushing, in which the suction-ports are arranged, is surrounded by a sleeve valve which consists of a cylindrical tubular piece and is driven from the outer side, for example by an eccentric, from the crank shaft. This valve uncovers the whol port, when the piston begins to open the port. It shuts off the port, when the piston arrives at the end of the suction-port until the piston has closed the suction-port.

The etfect of this arrangement is as follows During the first portion or" the stroke, before the suction ports have been opened by the piston, an almost complete vacuum is produced in the cylinder-space. The suction-ports open while the piston has approximately its highest speed. Owing to the difference of pressure, the fluid flows in at a velocity which is higher the lower the suction-head is, and transmits, during a comparatively great piston stroke, almost its entire energy to the piston. As soon as the cylinder-space is filled with fluid, the vacuum and the inflow cease. The pressure-relations are then, up to the end of the suction-stroke, similar to those in a pump with suction-valve. The piston sucks up to the end of its stroke and the delivering stroke begins immediately after the reversing trated by way of example in the accompanysuction-stroke, and it does not again open the the pistonbeing formed with curved deflect- 267,672, andin Germany April 28, 1927.

of the piston, since the suction-port is closed by the valve at the moment at which the piston reverses. I

An embodiment of the invention is illusing. drawing in vertical section.

The piston 1' is formed with an annular re- .cess curved and concave as shown, so as to defleet the inflowing fluid inward and backward relatively to the suction motion of the piston. The cylinder bushing appears at 2 and has suction or inlet ports 3 so formed as to direct the enterin g fluid obliquely inward and in the direction of the pistons suction stroke. In the drawing the parts are shown in the positions assumed at the end of the suction stroke. This bushing is enclosed by a slide-valve 4- consisting of a tubular piece which controls the suction-ports in the manner described and is driven by the rods 5 from the outer side, for example by eccentrics on the crank-shaft (not shown). 6 is the disch'argevalve and 7 the pump-casing. s

The invention is not limited in its utility to single-acting pumps.

I claim:

1. In a pump or compressor, the combi- -nation of a cylinder and a piston, the cylinder having in its wall at least one inlet port which is overtraveled and opened by the piston as the latter moves through its suction stroke, said port being arranged to direct the entering fluid obliquely inward and in the direction of such motion of the piston, and

ing surfaces in the path of such entering fluid arranged to apply usefully to the piston the energy of the entering fluid; and a valve controlling said port independently of the piston and arranged to close against back flow while said port remains opened by the piston on its discharge stroke.

2. In a pump or compressor, the combination of a cylinder and a piston, the cylinder havin in its wall at least one inlet port which is over-traveled and opened by the piston as the latter moves through its suction stroke, said port being arranged to direct the entering fluid obliquely inward and in the direction. of such motion of the piston, and the piston being formed with curved deflecting surfaces in the part of such entering fluid arranged to apply usefully to the piston the energy of the entering fluid; and a valve controlling said port independently of the piston and operated in timed relation with the piston to uncover said port while opened by the piston on its suction stroke, and close said port while opened by the piston on its discharge stroke.

3. In a. pump or compressor, the combination of a cylinder and a piston, the cylinder having in its wall at least one inlet port which is overtraveled and opened by the piston as the latter moves through its suction stroke, said port and the piston being so formed that the piston oflers at least one fluid deflecting surface upon which the fluid entering through the port impinges to apply the energy of the fluid to the continued movement of the piston; and a valve controlling said port independently of the piston and operated in timed relation with the piston to uncover said port while opened by the piston on its suction stroke and close said port while opened by the piston on its discharge stroke.

4. In a pump or compressor, the combination'of a cylinder and a piston, the cylinder having in its wall at least one inlet port which isovertraveled and opened by the piston as the latter moves through its suction stroke, said port and the piston being so formed that the piston offers at least one fluid deflecting surface upon which the fluid entering I as through the port impinges to apply the energy of the fluid to the continued movement of the piston; and a valve controlling said port independently of the piston and arranged to close against back flow while said 40 port remains opened by the piston on its discharge stroke.

5. In a pump or compressor, the combination of a cylinder and a piston, the cylinder having in its Wall a circumferential row of ports which are overtraveled and opened by the piston on its suction stroke, said ports being arranged to direct the entering fluid obliquely inward and in the direction of such stroke of the piston, and the piston being formed to deflect the entering fluid toward the center of the piston'and thence in a direction reverse to the suction stroke of the piston; and a valve controlling said ports independently of the piston and operated in timed relation with the piston to open said port while opened by the piston on its suction stroke and close said port while opened by the piston on its discharge stroke.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. so KURT SOHOENE.

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