US175174A - Improvement in machines for shaving round hoops - Google Patents

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Z ,Sharm-Shree'c1.v G. Bi SELD-EN.

MACHINES FOR SHAVING RD'UND I'IOPS. No.175,174. Patented March 21,1876.

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G. B. SELDEN. MACHINES Fon sHAvING ROUND HooPs.

Patented Marcl 21,1876.

VENTI] IQ? R3, 5MM.

Wl H5555 UNITED N *STATES PATENT OFFICE GEORGE B. SEL'DEN, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FORSHAVING ROUND HOOPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 175,174, dated March 21, 1876; application liled February 15, 1875.

To all whom t'may concern: v

Be it knownthat I, GEORGE B. SELDEN, of the city of Rochester, in the State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Machines for Shaving Round Hoops, of -whichl the following is a specication:

This invention relates to an improved machine for shaving half-,round hoops; and it consists, in substance, in the application of two rotary cutter-heads to shaving splints made from poles, by the first of which the stock is reduced to substantial parallelism with the bark, and by thesecondof which any irregularities produced bythe action ofthe lirst cutter are removed. It also consists in automatic devices for tapering and lapping the hoops, in the application to the Vmachine of a rotary brush for cleaning 4the bark, and in devices for so presenting splints of different cross-sections to the cutters 'that they will be shaved on the proper line.

Figure 1 is a plan view, and Fig. 2 an elevation, of a machine embodying my invention. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 represent details.

A A is the frame of the machine, and E the driving-shaft, from which motion is transmitted to the various workin g parts. The splints are fed through the machine, as represented by the dotted line a', Fig. 1, by the feed-rollers l 2, 3 4, 5 6,'and 7 8. These rollers are carried by vertical shafts, and mot-ion is transmitted to them from the bevelgear 9, Fig. 2,

lby means of a train of gears beneath the lower plate of the machine, represented by dotted lines y, Fig. 2. Rollers v1, 5, and 7 revolve iu stationary boxes, and the shafts of their corresponding rolls 2, 6, and 8, are provided with universal joints z, Fig. 2, and held up to their work by springs 10, 11, and 12. The shafts of rolls 3 and 4 are each of them provided with universal joints, so that the rolls, which are clamped together by a spring bef neath the top plate H, may travel across the line of feed. The roll 7 is driven from the shaft of roll 8 by a gear, 22, Fig. 2, or by4 finger-gear placed above the rolls.

The splints are usually fed point or small end rst, and, in their passage through the'l runnin g under the corner pulley F. The frame b is pivoted near its lower end opposite the center of the pulley on the shaft @,aud its upper end is free to travel to and from the line of feed in an opening in the top plate H.

`A`springattached to the frame b, presses the head B toward the stock, and the head is controlled in its operation on the stock by the two rests o and d, one before and one after the head. The forward rest c is a roller and the after rest d prevents the knivesof the head B from coming in contact with the bark. The

two rests c and d are attached to a frame or box, which swivels freely about the head B and causesit to adjust itself to the curves of lthe stock passing by it. By adjusting the roller o in a slot through the upper and lower plates of the box c, the trimming of the knots is regulated. A small roller may be .used instead of the after rest d, but for small and crooked stock the rest should bear `on the stock as near the cutter-head B as possible.

AA less satisfactory modification ofthis device consists in dispensing withthe forward rest entirely and fastening the rest d rigidly to .the frame b. A handle, f, Fig.12, enables the. operator to control the action of the head on enteringa splint.

From the knotter the splints pass in front of the rest g, and between the guide-roller h, Fig. 1, and the cutter-head C, by which. it is roughed or cored on a lille parallel with the bark. The Loring-head C is carried. by the horizontal shaft i, Fig. 1, and is driven from the shaft E by the belt Gr. The shaft@ has end play through its boxes, and is connected with the guide-roll h on the barksideof the splint by a sliding frame consistingy of the upper and lower rods j and l and cross-bars m and n at each side of the machine. The cross-bar a, at the back side of the machine, is connected with the shaft i by the box o, and the cross-bar m is bolted to a frame, k,

which slides in suitable guides on the top plate of the machine, and supports the guideroller h. A standard, I, Fig. l, supports the rods j and l at the back of the machine, and a spring, p, draws the sliding frame, guideroller Il, and head C toward the back side of the machine. A splint passing the rest g enters between the guide-roller h and the cutter head C, and is by it reduced to parallelism, the roller h, drawn against the bark by the spring p, following all its curves, and compelling the head C to cut always at the same distance from the bark. The shaft fi plays to andfro through the belt G, allowing the head C, un der the control of the guide-roller It, which follows the curves of the bark, to adjust itself to the shape of the stock passing by it. The slide 7c projects under the path of the splint between the roller h and the head G, conforming as closely as possible to the shape of the knives, and supporting the splint under their cutting action.

lf the knotter is set so as to cut the knots down to within one-fourth of an inch of the bark, each knot so left is represented by a corresponding gouge opposite it on the flat side of the cored splint, and in this case the cored splint must be at least a quarter-inch heavier than the finished hoop in order to admit of the removal of suiiicient wood by the finisher D to shave ont the gouges.

The rest q consists of a bar of steel bolted Y to the slide 1c, and reachingY under the splint and turning up inside the head C, so as to bear upon the shaved side of the splint immediately behind the cutting-point of the knives. It is made adjustable parallel to the shaft/i in any convenient manner. It is especially useful in preventing a heavy butt-end, crooked, as they frequently are, from springing into or being pulled into the knives after it has passed the rest g, and it also assists in compelling the head to follow curves.

In order to prevent too milch resistance to the feed when this interior rest is used, it is necessary to construct the roller h so that it can, in certain cases, yield back over a knot. This is done, as shown in Fig. 6, by supporting the roller h in an inner frame, r, which slides 'to and from the head C in the outer frame k. A spring, t, is interposed between the inner and outer frame sufficiently strong to hold h up to its work, and to controll the spring p without yielding; but when a knot comes against the roll h, the splint bearing on the rest g and the rest q, inside the head, the spring tis compelled to yield back and allow the roll h to pass over the knot, but immediately thereafter closes the roll h up to its proper position. By means of the threaded rod u, Fig. 6, the distance between the roll h and the head C, and consequently the thickness of the cored splint, may be varied. The box o is adjustably connected with the crossbar n by a yoked arm, e, Figs. 1 and 4, which is fitted into a boss on the bar n. By this means the wear of the shaft z in its boxes is prevented from binding the sliding rods. The feed-train y y, Fig. 2, is driven from the coringshaft 'i by means of the belt J, conepulley K, which runs loose on the outer end of the shaft E, belt L, and pulley M, the shaft of which carries a pinion which meshes into the bevelgear 9, Fig. 2. By this means the feed is pro portioned to the speed of the coring-head C. The rest g in front of the head C is so arranged that it may be moved backward and forward across the line of feed on suitable guides provided for it on the top plate of the machine. For light and crooked stock the rest g should be secured in a position slightly in front of the highest cutting-point of the knives, in order to prevent a sharp curve, concave on the bark side, from running in on the knife; but for heavy work, in which the curves are' usually less acute, the rest may be set a half inch or more back of the knives, thereby materially relieving the friction of the splints on it. The splint, now cored parallel with the bark, and with gouges on the flat side correspending more or less closely with the knots,

passes through the feed-rollers 5 and 6, and is presented to the finishing cutter D, by which it is reduced to gage thickness. The head D is carried by a shaft which runs in boxes on a suitable supporting-frame, Q, and is driven from the shaft E by the belt 1t. The splint is supported, during the action of the finishingcutter, by rests S and T on the cored side, placed immediately before and after the head. The head projects beyond the forward rest S the amount of the desired finishing cut, and both rests approach the head as near as possible, Fig. 5. The splint is pressed against the head D and its rests by the roller U, which is carried by an arm swinging about the stud V, and held up toits work by the spring W. This roller straightens out the cored splint as it passes by the head, keeping its inner surface in contact with the rests, and yields back over the knots.

In order to keep the increased pressure caused by the compression of the spring W by a knot from springing the splint into the head D, the roller U is placed opposite the forward part of the after-rest T. The piece which supports the stud V is made adjustable lengthwise of the machine. The spring W is made adjustable in tension, as the cutter D is found to drive the stock away from it with more force when dull than when freshly sharpened. The shaft carrying the head D may be set at right angles with the horizontal line of feed, but is preferably' inclined at an angle of from five to fifteen degrees with this line, and the oblique cutting consequent therefrom is further increased by making the cuttingedges at an angle with the axis of revolution. This is not essential, but-assists to prevent clogging by giving the chips a tendency to drive downward out of the throats. In case a solid cutter be used it is necessary to adjust the shaft forward as the cutter is worn back by grinding. This is done by means of the y lslides,14,-Lin` `whichth" l of;.tl1e'frame- Qmay sary that the forward rest Ssh hithelin'efoiyfe l b nrfrontof thezcuttena oiv at an aangler .fsnliuwllbu y @g 1g., ,anjdfth'es'pl d@ orunin ontl t'ljtheproll- U, u c (Se of a corerfgouge `1 gj oir the rest S "Q-forward"'edgeis'` bei remo'vedb he `h AD.`).`.'Ihe nis'hingfh'e noves'fe ugh,wood to` take out'the" goil'gnesfy atkthekotseauseii by thecoringheamand shaves Ahooplstrai'ggmt,-

\ v or nearly so,'o'pposite the kn timefitreinovesvother `irregu ritles insepara- V ,under the pressu i where-the aft'e ble froma heavysingle'cut.

lt is necessaryoh'isoinekind "stock to make the hoops thinnergtoward the large- .ex,v thereby compensating fortheir increased sti ness resulting from their 4greater widtht that end. 'A mety tapering is shown iluted roll placedafter the finishing l and driven bythe .hoop-itself ini-tswpassag'e through the machineb'lhe forwardfrest S lcan. yield backfonA suitable ways'lS; to v, give sitionfof therestS'w' hreferen'ce .topthe head D is controlled 1bya "is in its turn controlledby theroller Xwith which it is so connected as toniake one revo lution while a`splint Y goes through. the lma-` chine. A friction-roller*19, is 'nterp'osed lbetween the camY andthe-Tr held against Ithe cam by a spring. 0n feeding asplint through] thelmachinel the. rollerX is set in motion .by lthe splint, and by means of suitably-proportioned gearing .or abelt a'nd pulleys, 16` and 17', Fig. 1, rotates' the` cam Y, which allows the rest Sto yield ybackgrml ually as the4 splint passes through,v and, consequently, the head D to 'remove au increasedV amount of woodi'rom its interior surface', The cam `crnltinuesf ateafterthe `hoop'passes the head D, i l` its `en'd reachestherollerX, and duringthisxtime' t est S is returned to itsposition'by; n the carmpreparal toryvto 'repeating th :ope :on` t opte y ength e shapeo'f thecamY,

anydesired va ely Lanting, either wir revolution, so' as How/.the refst'S to,recede f Lwhile the las or' twelve inches of the hoop is-passing vt e, cutter D; `ln lapping, it; is

necessary to preven an outward-bent buttend from crowding awayfrom 1 the head1` -D after it` has left the rollsfand, by4 a-press- Hureroll showngin dotted lines 20,1]3ig.v 1.

would fail gto. supporti` thev Anth@ saine l tlieiinishing-head anjincreasedfcutzz; ',The po aperingean Albe.` "done,` Awithout tapering, may be done by agcan'l"ci J.t,1awayat` the end ofvitsfr Thiswroll is prevented'from bearin'gon the 'hoop continuously by abar, 2l; projecting forward from the rest Slagainst they'supporting- -jarinofthe roller 20. When tHrest S goes back -t'o allow a lapl to'be eut-rtlielroller 20 is Wallowed` to bear on the hoop,fflnlmachines not intended to taper o-r lap therest S is attachedV to a suitable supporting-plate bolted v `to the 'top plate H. A'rotary 1', supported on averticalr'sh .from the 'shaft E, is used .on\somefkinds of stock-birch, for instance-' to fcleantheboo'k.

' `When placed between thenisli'erlhead-D and the last pair of feed-rolls, a guardiplate-keeps the brushings out of the cutterD`.1 blll1`e brush may revolve either in stationary or movable bearings. In the latter .caseit mustbe'held np toits work by a spring/'plfthev brush be not used its place is suppliedbyapressureroll, which keeps the hoop allirthetime inconftact with the roller X.- The""hoop; is disrollers-7 and 8. It is erimpedffor rendered more pliable by the adjustable@crimping- .roller l5.

In'` order to enable the machineto handle splints of different cross-sections, thegrooved ffeeds-:rollers shown in Fig. 3 arefjuised. The

feed-rollers on the split side of the stock before the coring-headconsist oi' :anfpper and g, and is presented to the corel'f G so 1as to be shaved on the proper' line. Once entered beyond the interior rest g, it is by itfprevented from' being twisted-over bythe corin'g-lh'ead.

for the smallest angular splint designed to be `shaved by the machine, and itis' enlarged by the separation of the two sec'tionsfo'r larger stock. One of the sctions of the roller, 3,

'may be fixed rigidly to the shaft,but` vertical curves are best accomnnodatedV by allowing vboth sections to play up and down.; rlhe head D should be placed a shortl 'distance infront offthe line joining the facesff'the third j a'hdvfourth pairs of feed-rolls.. .Bythis means thecored splint is caused to bend backward kabout the rests S and T., andthe contact of sured.

1. The combination of the movable coring- Vhead C, controlled from the l barkl` side `of the `hoop by the roller lr, with the `iini'shing-head lmovable eoring-head C, controlledvfrom the bark side by the roller h, with the nishing- Theangular groove between the upper and low. `er sections of the roll 3 is madesniallenough head D, rests 'l and S, and pressure-roller U,

l operating substantially as and for the purpressure-roll U, the movable restS and the cam Y, operating substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

6. The corer-head G and.`riishinghead D, in oombination with the rotarybrush b.

7. [n combination withthehead 0,0011` trolled from the bark siile-byt-he elastic roller l1, frame j, the adjustable arm EV, and box o,

operating substantially aslandfor the pur-' poses set forth. .n GEoLB. sELDEN.

lWitnesses: l

M. H. Barons, H. S. WARD.

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