US1751730A

US1751730A - Apparatus for cracking oil

Info

Publication number: US1751730A
Application number: US444234A
Authority: US
Inventors: Egloff Gustav; Harry P Benner
Original assignee: Universal Oil Products Co
Current assignee: Universal Oil Products Co
Priority date: 1921-02-11
Filing date: 1921-02-11
Publication date: 1930-03-25
Anticipated expiration: 1947-03-25

Description

March 25, 1930. G. EGLOFF ET AL APPARATUS FOR CRACKING OIL Original Filed Feb. 11. 1921 Fatented Mar 25,

GUSTAV EGLOFF AND HARRY P. IBENNER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS T UNI- VERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ACORPORATION 0F SOUTH DAKOTA,

APPARATUS FOR CRACKING OIL Application filed February 11, 1921, Serial No. 444,234. Renewed February 21, 1929.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cracking oil and refers more particularly to that type of process and apparatus in which the oil is first passed through a relatively closed coil or heating chamber and then delivered in substantially liquid form to an enlarged expansion chamber. Vapors are taken oif from such expansion' chamber and subject to dephlegmation The particular feature of the present invention lies more especially in the novel means for controlling the temperature of the dephlegmator and at.,the same time obtaining the highest heat efliciency from the fuel used for initially heating the'oil in the cracking zone.

In the drawing, the single figure is a view, partly in vertical section, and partly in side elevation, of improved apparatus for carrying out our process.

Refeiring in detail to the drawing, 1 designates a furnace, provided with the burner 2, stack 3, and combustion chamber 4. In the combustion chamber is mounted the heating coil 5 which may take the form of a continuous coil of 3 pipe formed by interconnected tubes. The inlet side of the coil is connected to inlet line 6 leading to charging pump 7 The outlet side of the coil is connected to the transfer line 8 leading to the elongated expansion chamber 9. This expansion chamer is provided with manhole plate 10, 5residue drawofi' pipe 11 and vapor outlet pipe 12. The last named pipe extends into the lower end of the dephle mator 13, A. s aced cap member 14 is rovided above the pipe 12 to prevent the re ux condensate from falling back into the expansion chamber. The dephlegmator consists of the upper and 0 lower drums 15 and 16 connected by the tubes 17, surrounded by the annular heat enclosing shell 18. The drum 16 is. provided with the reflux return pipe 19 leading to feed line 6. Its lower side is provided with the branch pipe 20 whereby the refiux condensate may be led elsewhere if desired. The upper chamber 15 is provided with the vapor pipe 21 leading to the condenser coil 22 seated in condenser box 23. The lower end of the coil is connected by pipe 24 with the top of receiver 25. This receiver 25 has pressure gauge 26, liquid-level gauge 27, gas outlet pipe 28 and distillate drawoif pipe 29. Various parts of the system are provided with the throttle valves 30, as shown in the drawing, whereby vapor pressures may be maintained on all or part of the system or diflerential pressures maintained.

Referring now more particularly to the novel feature of the invention, to the lower end of the shell 18 is connected an air blower 31, which is adapted to deliver regulated quantities of cool air to the dephlegmator so as to definitel and accurately control the temperatureo the dephle ator. As the air passes around the tubes of the de hlegrnator, it, of course, serves to cool the oil and itself becomes heated. The heat units thus transferred, instead of being wasted, are saved and utilized by causin them to pass throu h the insulated hot air pipe 32 connected to t e upper end of the shell 18 at one end and at its other end leading back to the burner whereby the hot air may be utilized in con-- nection with the air supply of the burner and l thus get a more" efficient combustion than would be the case where cool air was used, the pipe being preferably provided with a art 33 for connecting the same with the urner. The construction: seems simple but 8 it is to be borne in mind that in the cracking of petroleum oil, one of the major expenses 7 is the fuel required for heating the oil to be cracked. As a matter of fact, in the commercial operation of cracking processes, large amounts of fuel oil are consumed in heating the oil to be treated, which fuel oil might itself be cracked and thus tend to serve to conserve the fuel supply of the country.

' We claim as our invention:

1. In an ap aratus for cracking oil, the combination with a still mounted in a furnace, of a dephlegmator connected to the vapor space thereof, and a closed air chamber within the interior of said dephlegmator, means connected to said de hlegmator for forcing cool air thereto an means for removing the air heated by the dephlegmator and delivering it to the furnace of the still.

2. In an apparatus for cracking oil, the

combination with a heating coil mounted in a furnace, a reaction zone communicating therewith where substantial vaporization takes lace, a dephlegmator communicating with the vapor space of said reaction zone, a closed air chamber within the interior of said dephlegmator, means communicating with said closed chamber in the dephlegmator for forcing cool air thereto, and means for re moving said air after passage through the closed air chamber which has been heated by the dephle mator, and means for delivering said heate air to the furnace.

GUSTAV EGLOFF. HARRY Pv BENNER.