US174506A

US174506A - Improvement in processes of determining the grade of lubricating-oils

Info

Publication number: US174506A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1876-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 1893-03-07

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.HIRAMB. EVEREST, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESSES F DETERMINING THE GRADE 0F LUBR|CATING0ILS. I

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 174,506, dated March 7, 1876; application filed January 6, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HIRAM B. EVEREST, Of the city of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Art of Determining the Grade of Petroleum-Oils for Lubricating and other Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

When crude petroleum is prepared for lubricating, 850., by distilling 0E, by any known process, the lighter hydrocarbons, it has been customary to determine the condition or quality of the oil-in the still by means of a hydrometer test, to show the gravity of the product while the process of reducing is going on.

To do this, samples are taken from time to timefrom the still and weighed to determine when the desired point in the manufacture is reached. The product when completed is put on themarket and designated and sold by gravity test.

My invention consists in applying arfiretest to the samples taken from the still during the processof manufacture, and determining the grade of the reduced oil by such fire-test, and in putting the same on the market with such fire-test as its distinguishing feature.

To make the requisite fire-test of the reduced oils requires a thermometer of Wide range, say from 200 to 600 Fahrenheit, for testing all grades of oil.

A chemists sand-bath, with a porcelain cup heated by a Bunsen burner, is sufficient for heating the samples. It is done with the thermometer suspended in the liquid oil; or it may be tested in a plain iron dish, containing about one half pint of oil, placed over the charcoal fire in a tinkers pot, with the thermometer suspended in the oil. As the heat increases the application of a lighted taper to within one-half inch of the surface of the oil will show, if constantly repeated,

when the oil has reached the point of ignition, which is usual about or above the point of flashing and going out. The degree of heat at which the oil takes fire permanently, as indicated bythe thermometer, is called the fire-test. Example: Franklin crude petroleum of 32 gravity Baum, as produced from the wells, when reduced without burning to gravity, stands 320 firetest; when reduced to 29 gravity, stands 370 fire-test; 285 gravity, stands 425 firetest; 275 gravity, stands 525 fire-test, or thereabout. a

It is comparatively easy to make reduced oils, varying only 10 in fire-test, by the best processes. So it will be seen that, when de; sirable to do so, more difi'erent grades of reduced oils can be definitely fixed upon and determined by my method of manufacture than can be so accurately made by the old method of gravity-test. Again, my process of determining quality or grade of reduced oils is more applicable to the various gravities of crude petroleum, when being reduced,

than the old method of. gravity-test.

Example: A gravity crude oil reduced to 31 gravity would stand as high a fire-test as a 32 gravity crude reduced to 30 gravity, and would about equal it in lubricating power.

My process or invention consists in making all reduced oils toa fire-test regardless of gravity.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The process of determining the grade of lubricating-oils, which consists in applying the fire-test thereto during their man ufacture,

substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing I witnesses.

HIRAM B. EVEREST.

Witnesses:

R. F. OSGOOD, E. B. SGOTT.