US1744837A

US1744837A - Liquid-fuel purifier

Info

Publication number: US1744837A
Authority: US
Inventors: Henry E Pelletier
Original assignee: PELCO AUTO PRODUCTS Inc
Current assignee: PELCO AUTO PRODUCTS Inc
Priority date: 1926-01-23
Filing date: 1926-01-23
Publication date: 1930-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 1947-01-28

Description

Jan. 28, 1930. H. E. PELLETIER LIQUID FUEL PURIFIER Filed' Jan. 25, 192s Fig. 2

Henry hlNlTeRer TORNEY .Patented Jan. 28, 1930 UNITED srArEs PATENT OFFICE HENRY E. PELLETIER, or JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNoR To lEELCO AUTO rRonUcTs, INC., or NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION or NEW YORK LIQUID-FUEL PRIEIER VApplication led January 23, 1926. Serial No. 83,337.

- internal combustion engine.

The invention contemplates the provisio of a device for removing from the fuel, not

only foreign solid particles, but also foreign liquids, such as water, acids and the like before the fuel is fed to the carburetor by means ofl a liquid filtering medium andk a wire cloth screen "having certain peculiar characteristics.

The various objects of my invention will be clear from the description which follows and from the drawings, inv which Fig. l is a vertical central section of my improved purifier.

Fig. 2 is a front view, partially cut away, of the same, and

Fig.' 3 is a top plan view and partial horizontal Section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

In the practical embodiment of my invention, I provide a top or cover as 10 having suitable inlet and

outlet openings

11 and 12 respectively, and adapted preferably to be secured in place in the fuel feed line. TheA outer ends of said openings are preferably threaded as at 13 and 14 for suitable connection directly or indirectly, respectively, to the vacuum tank and to the carburetor where such devices are employed. The inlet opening 11 is preferably arranged lat the center of the cover 10 in the cylindrical extension 15, while the outlet opening 12 is made in the horizontally disposed cylindcr 16, and is L-shaped in order to pass through the material of the cover 10.

. The container portion of my improved purifier consistsof the closed cup 20, preferably of metal, which cup is designed to be readily detached from the remainder of the device for the purpose of inserting the filtering liquid 17 and for inspecting or cleaning out, the foreign matter which may have been removed from the fuel and which may have accumulated therein. Said cup is preferably completely closed at its lower end and as illustrated, is preferably constricted at its upper end 18 so that when the cover 10 is assembled with said cup, saidr cover overhangs said cup but a small amount. It will be understood, however, that the cup may be made of uniform diameter, if desired, without affecting the construction or operation of my improved purifier.

At its lower end, the inlet opening 11 is threaded for4 the insertion and attachment therein of the inlet pipe 19. The length of said inlet pipe is such that it clears the bottom of the cup and allows the fuel to flow freely thereinto. Sufficient filtering liquid 17 is inserted into the cup 20 to cover the lower'end 21 of the inlet pipe completely, whereby the fuel is always forced to pass through the filtering liquid as it enters the cup. l

In whatfollows, I will refer to the fuel as gasoline, since that material is most frequently used as fuel for internal combustion engines. The liquid most economical and effective in practice for washing or filtering the gasoline is water, and I will refer to said filtering liquid as water hereinafter. Furthermore, by reason of the various processes used in cracking oils in the manufacture of gasoline, a small amount of acids, such as sulphuric and oleic acids frequently remain in the gasoline. I have found that by reason of the affinity of sulphur-ic and other acids for water, said acids, as Well as the fatty acids which may be contained therein, are removed from the gasoline when said gasoline is washed, whereby only purified fuel is allowed to pass into the outlet of my improved device.

The bottom of the cup 2O is close to and disposed substantially at right angles to the axis of the inlet pipe 19 and consequently at the same angle to the direction of flow of the incoming stream of gasoline. Said stream, therefore, impinges against the bottom of the cup with considerable velocity, and by the reason of the impact, the stream of gasoline is broken up and dispersed throughout the water. By reason of the breaking up of the incoming gasoline stream as just described, the lfuel which bubbles up through the water is exposed thereto with great thoroughness and effectively cleansed not only of solid matter, but also of the acids and of the water which may be carried therein.

To insure the removal of solid matter from the fuel supplied to the carburetor, the gasoline is screened in addition to being filtered, as will be hereinafter more fully described. I have found it advisable to usc a metallic screen as 22 for the double purpose of keeping out both the filterilw liquid and any solid particles which migit rise above the surface of the filtering liquid or which might be carried in the gasoline. Said screen 22 is referably made of wire cloth of extremely Ene texture, that is, the screen is very closely woven, and is of such substantial thickness that the openings therein are not visible. I have found that such a screen will allow the ready passage of gasoline, but if of the proper mesh, 1s effective to keep out liquids heavier than gasoline, such as water and acids, that is, the screen is impervious to liquids heavier than gasoline. The comparatively smooth surface of such a finely woven wire cloth screen further prevents the adhesion thereto of solid particles light in weight, which particles are constantly agitated and washed off the screen by the movement of the gasoline therethrough and cannot clog the fine pores. Most of said particles which are lighter than gasoline, however, remain at the surface of contact of the water and the gasoline in the cu and seldom rise into the gasoline a sufficient distance to touch the screen at all. The dirt remains in the water, the lighter articles remaining between the gasoline and t e water and being distinguishable as a layer at the upper surface of the water. For purposes of economy I have shown the screen 22 made cylindrical in shape, though it will be understood that the shape thereof may be varied as is most convenient. It will further be understood that by making the screen of heav wire cloth, said screen is not subject readily to deformation as are the usual gauze screens, and that considerable pressure may safely be put thereupon. In order that a purified supply of gasoline is made instantly available for demand thereon by the carburetor, I provide an outlet compartment 23 in the interior of the screen.

If desired, a vertical pipe may be threaded into the outlet opening 12, said pipe being of such length as to reach to a oint near the bottom of the screen holder 2 whereby the gasoline is drawn from the bottom of the outlet compartment and the entire contents of said compartment is thereby made available for the feeding thereof to the carburetor. It will be noted that the outlet compartment extends centrally substantially the entire length of the container 20 and has a volume which is a substantial part of the total volume of the container. Said compartment is completely sealed against the admission of material from the inlet compartment 24 except through the screen 22, and is closed at its upper end by the upper edge 25 of the screen 22 which is pressed into intimate contact with the gasket 26, of cork, fiber, or other suitable material, by means soon to be described. The lower end of said outlet compartment is closed by the screen holder 27, the lower edge 28 of said screen resting on the similar gasket 29 set on a suitable shoulder on the inside of the screen holder 27.

The screen holder is preferably made of sheet metal, and has an upper cylindrical portion 30 shaped to fit the lower edge 28 of the screen and to suitably support and enclose said edge. Bent inwardly from the portion 27 is the substantially horizontal portion 31 on which the gasket 29 rests, and bent from said horizontal portion is the tapering or conical portion 32 preferably closed at the bottom 33 thereof, and having an open-- ing as 34 therein through which the inlet pipe 19 is passed. Said inlet pipe being threaded at its lower end, the screen holder is held in position by means of a nut 35 screwed on the threaded portion of the pipe and adapted to be screwed up against the screen holder with any desired pressure, a suitable gasket as 36 being interposed between said nut and said holder bottom 33. It will be seen'that when the nut 36 is tightened on the inlet pipe, the screen holder forces the screen into close contact with the gaskets at both ends thereof whereby a closure proof against leakage thereinto of material other than gasoline is formed in the interior of the screen and screen holder and around the inlet pipe.

For securely attaching the cup 20 to the cover 10 with a leak-proof closure therebetween, I prefer to provide the flange 37 at the upper end of the cup which fiange is brought into contact with the outer portion of the gasket 26 and prevents leakage of gasoline therebetween. For holding the inner and outer edges of said gasket 26 in position, I prefer to groove the under side 38 of the cover as by means of the annular groove 39. whereby said gasket is supported along both of its cylindrical edges and prevented from being displaced or spread.

The outlet opening 12 in the cover l() communicates with the compartment 24 in thc in terior of the screen and is suitably threaded at its outer end as 14 for connection by means of suitable standard connections, not shown, with the gasoline line to the carburetor. Said cover is provided with a depending cylindrical iange as 40 on the inside of lwhich is cut a preferably narrow groove as 41 for the re ception of the spring rin 42. A multiplicity of projections as 43 are ent inwardly from said ring for the purpose soon to be described, said ring being made preferably of a piece of spring wire, theends being left open so that said ring may expand and contract in operation. One end 44 of the ring is bent and passed through the hole 45 in the cover. to maintain said ring in place. Between the flange 37 of the cupv` 20 and the conical portion 46 thereof, is secured a rin 4 7 shaped at the lower inner part thereof to t said portion of the cup.` A groove as 48 is made in said ring for the reception of the projection 49 of the cup 20 whereby relative rotation of said ring and cup is prevented. On the outside of the annular ring '47 is formed a. series of spaced inclined cams 50 equal in number to the-number of projections on the spring ring 42. The outer diameter of said cams is somewhat less than the inside diameter of the flange of the cover 10 so that said cams may be readily inserted into the inside of said cover. The under or working side of each of said cams is preferably horizontal, while the outer surface tapers towards and merges withN the outer cylindrical surface of said ring. Ratchet teeth as 51 are cut around the projecting portion 52 of said annular ring, said teeth being engaged by the bent spring 53, which is suitably secured to the cover 10 as by' the insertion thereof into the slot 54 of said cover and the passage of the pin 55 therethrough, said pin and the sides of said slot being preferably hammered over said spring to prevent the detachment thereof.

To detach the parts, the cup is given a partial turn, suiiicientto bring the projections 43 of the spring ring 41 into positionin contact with the highest point on the under surface of the cams 50, whereby the cup is loosened and may be drawn downwardly away from the cover and past the lowest part of the adl jacent cam. To secure the cup and cover together, the cup is moved upwardly so that the projections of the spring ring pass by the lowest parts of the cams and come into contact with the highest points of the adjacent cams, which are suitably spaced apart for that purpose, said cup then being given a partial turn whereby the engagement of the underside of the cams with said spring ring projections forces the cup into close contact with the gasket 26.

It will be seen that I have provided a-simple construction for securing the parts together with leak-proof joints therebetween, which may be manufactured economically and which is efiicient for the purposes for which it is designed.

It will further be seen that by the use of ay filtering liquid and smooth surfaced finely woven wire cloth screen the gasoline is thoroughly cleansed while-the dirt and filtering liquid are maintained in the outlet compartment for relnoval when desired, and that by means of the peculiar arrangement of the inlet pipe, the gasoline is dispersed through the filtering liquid to insure the cleansing thereof.

It is obvious that various changes may be made in the preferred construction shown and described without de arting from the scope ofthe appended claims, and I, therefore, do not intend to/.limit myself to the specific structure illustratedl herein.

I claim:

1. In a gasoline purifier, a container, a fil-` f tering liquid partly filling said container,

a cover, a comparatively non-deformable,l Hnely woven, smooth-surfaced, wirecloth substantially cylindrical screen, impervious to said filtering liquid and open at both ends thereof, a partly conical screen holder for the lower end of said screen, an inletpipe secured to said cover and passing through said screen holder,` adjustable means engaging said inlet pipe and supporting the bottom of said screen holder, whereby the cover, inlet pipe, screen,screen yholder and nut form a single unit,vand leak-proof closures at the top and bottom ends of said screen, said top.,

,of said cover and said container, a iiange at the upper edge of said container adapted to be pressed into intimate contact with said gasket on the attachment and relative rota'- tion ofsaid cover and said container, a screen arranged concentricallywith and in' spaced relation to said inlet pipe., and of`larger diameter than the inner diameter of said gasket, a cup-shaped holder for thelower part of said screen, a gasket in said holder interposed between the lower edge of said screen and said holder, and means engaging the lower end of said pipe for moving said holder upwardly relatively to said pipe and for forcing the upper and lower ends of said screen into intimate contact with the cover gasket and the holder gasket respectively.

3. In a gasoline purifier, a cover member having an inlet and an outlet opening therein, an annular gasket on the under face of said cover, a container removably securable to said cover 'and adapted to engage the outer portion of said gasket, an inlet pipe secured to said cover and extending therefrom, a comparatively rigid cylindrical screen disposed about and in spaced relation to said inlet pipe, a partly tapered holder for the lower portion of said screen, a gasket in said holder interposed between the lower end of said screen and said holder, said holder having an opening therein for the passage therethrough of said inlet pipe and a nut screwed on the end of said inlet pipe and adapted to put pres sure upon said holder.

4. In a gasoline purifier, including a flanged cover and a container adapted to fit inside of the flanges of said cover, an inlet pipe xedly secured to said cover, a screen unit secured to said cover comprising a cylindrical, comparatively rigid, metallic woven wire screen impervious to water disposed concentrically about and in spaced relation to said inlet pipe, a gasket interposed between the upper end of said screen and the under surface of said cover, said gasket extending past the upper edge of the screen, and between tlie upper edge of the container and the cover, a holder for the lower portion of said screen having an opening in the bottom thereof for the passage therethrough of said inlet pipe, a gasket interposed between the lower end of said screen and said holder, and means engaging said inlet pipe for forcing said holder and said screen in the direction of said cover.

5. In a gasoline purifier, including a cover having an inlet pipe projecting axially thereof, a container cooperating with said cover, a screen unit detachably secured in spaced relation to said pipe comprising a cylindrical, comparatively non-deformable, metallic screen formed of thin wire woven to provide interstices impervious to water, a holder for the lower portion of said screen, a resilient gasket between the upper end of said screen and said cover and between the cover and the container and a nut threaded to said inlet pipe for engaging and bodily adjusting said holder and said screen relatively to said cover.

6. In a gasoline purifier, including a cover having an inlet pipe fixed to and extending therefrom, a container, a screen unit removably and adjustably securable to said cover, comprising a comparatively non-deformable, cylindrical, finely woven, metallic screen of wires arranged to provide interstices impervious to water and having a comparatively smooth surface, arranged concentrically about and in spaced relation to said inlet pipe, said screen being of substantial length and diameter, means for supporting the lower' end of said screen, a gasket between the cover and the container and screen, and means engaging the lower end of said inlet pipe and for adjusting said screen, and said screen supporting means relatively to said cover and against the gasket.

` 7. In a gasoline purifier, a cover having an inlet opening and an outlet opening therein, an inlet pipe secured to and projecting from said cover, a screen unit disposed about said pipe, means for supporting the lower end of said screen, means engaging the lower end of said pipe for securing said screen and said screen supporting means in position with relation to said cover, a container closed at the bottom thereof, a cam ring on the upper end of said container and substantially circular spring means loosely mounted in said cover engaging the cams lof said cam ring and locking said container and said ring to said cover on the partial rotation of said container.

8. In a gasoline purifier, including a cover, a container and a screen unit adjustably secured to said cover, means for locking said container and said cover together comprising a cam ring, a series of cams projecting from said ring, an open spring ring loosely mounted in said cover, projections on said spring ring adapted to engage said cams, and means on said cover for engaging said ring and preventing relative rotation of said cover and said ring.

9. In a gasoline purifier, including a cover, a screen unit securable to said cover, and a container, means for locking said cover and said container in intimate contact comprising a cam ring disposed about said container. means for preventing relative rotation of said cam ring and said container, a series of spaced cams'projecting from said ring, ratchet teeth on said cam ring, a substantially circular open spring ring loosely` mounted in said cover, projections on said ring each adapted to pass the lowermost end of one of said cams and to engage the under side of the adjacent cam, and a spring secured to said cover and adapted to engage the teeth on said cam ring.

10. In a gasoline purifier, including a cover and a container, an inlet pipe projecting from said cover, an elongated screen unit of slightly less length than said container securable to said inlet pipe with the upper end thereof forming a leak-proof closure with said cover, a spring ring on said cover and 'a cam ring on said container adapted to coact with said spring ring for locking said cover and container together on the partial relative rotation of said container and said cover.

11. In a gasoline purifier, a cover having a cylindrical groove in the inner face thereof, a screen unit operatively secured to said cover, a container, and means for removably locking said container and said cover together comprising an open, substantially circular, wire spring ring in the groove of said cover, a series of projections on said ring, a cam ring on said container, a series of spaced cams projecting outwardly from said cam ring and adapted to be engaged by said projections, and means for preventing relative rotation of said cam ring and said container.

12. In a gasoline purifier, a cover, a fiat spring secured to said cover and depending at 'substantially right angles therefrom, a container, a toothed ring on said container engageable by said spring for resistin rotation of said container, and means on sai ring and said cover for bringing said container and said cover into intimate contact on the partial rotation of said container.

13. In a gasoline purifier, a one-piece container open at the top and closed at the bottom thereof and ada ted to hold a filterin liquid at the bottom t ereof, a cover adapte to be secured in position in a asoline feed line having a depression'in t e inner fiat surface thereof for the reception of a asket, and having a central inlet o ening ana side outlet opening therein, a gas et in the depression of said cover, an inlet pipe arranged with the lower end thereof slightly above said container in the o erative position of said con- `tainer, a cylin rical, wire cloth, smooth surfaced metallic screen impervious to the filtering liclluid surrounding said pipe, a partly conica screen holder having an opening at the bottom thereof for the passage of said inlet pi e, a yshouldered portion in said screen holder or the reception of av gasket, a gasket in said shouldered portion, a nut threaded to the end of said inlet i e and ada ted to engage the bottom of sai screen hol er for forcing the lower edge of said screen into intimate contact with the gasket in said screen holder and for forcing the upper ed e of said screen into intimate contact with t e gasket in said cover, a cam ring on the outside of said container, and a spring ring loosely mounted in said cover andadapted to enga e the cams of said cam ring for forcing sai container.

and in spaced relation to said container bot-l tom and terminating at a point close to said "bottom, means for adjustably securing said screening unit about said pipe, and a filtering liquidv arranged in the bottom of said container and covering the lower end of said inlet pipe.

HENRY E. PELLETIER.

inlet and outlet openings therein, a