US1733668A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 29, 1929. w. E. LEIBING CARBURETOR 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed June 1923 NVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Oct. 29,1929 i I l a vQ,i(maintain.on Q Application filed June 4, was; fs im nol'eiaiso.

This invention relates to carburetors gen Fig. 3 is across sectional view taken on erally. The particular objectsof the inventhe li e s-sci Fig. 2. j a l tion are to improve thecarburetion of'hydro- Figiis a, "s'ectionalviewof the metering carbons for the operation of internal comvalve elevato'r and chambertaken' on the line 5 bustion motors,' and by so doing reducing the 4 4; {of F ig.,3. H 1 f fuel consumption and maintaining 'a higher Fig, 5 is a's ectional view on theline 5-5 elficiency in the operation'of motors than that of Fig; 3 illustrating the low speed well and l obtained in proportion to the fuelsused by the primary high speed well. 1 t s devices of this type as generally employedat Fig. 6 is view in'broken side elevation the present timeJOthe'r" objectsiare to proof the fupper portion of the Venturi tube" 60 vide a carburetor f wherein the velocity and, J v t f r r through the Venturi tubecontrolsthrough a Fig.7 is a view .in elevation of the conical valve the fuel vollume' admitted intothe vasecondary highs eed fuel nozzleq, l f I porizing chamber;s,to provide a carburetor Referring togt e drawings wherein like j,

wherein the fuel nozzleassociated'with the characters, of reference designate corre 65:

Venturi tube is of conical formation and has spondingpartsthroughout theseveral views,

a peripheral outletbelow its upper end,-and l ndicates generally, the whole casting form-1" to provide a Venturi tube operatably movable mg, a carburetor andfwhich casting is pro in axial alignment with the fuel nozzle and, videdwith a float chamber 2 having the con controlling, the operation of the carburetor, ventional inlet fuel supply port 3 controlled Other objects are to provide a Venturitube: by the needle valve 4 associatedwith the float a f the minimum diameter of which approxi-' 5. Thisconstruction is well knownand forms mates the maximumrdiameter ofthe fuel nozno part of the present invention. From zle and the mounting ,of onesmember relathe float chamber extends an outlet 6'branchtively movable to the other enabling theveing, laterally as at ,7 and, 8, said branches' locity of air between the two to be regulated, connected 'respectivel with the chambers 9" in accordance with theirrelative' position, and [10, the bases 0 which are closed by and to provide a lowspeed'nozzle from which the respective plugs 11 Vertically from fuel is dischargedina direction diametri these, chambers extend the respectivelow cally opposite to the direction of passage; of speed fuel ,noz zle l2 and the primary high the air employed for vaporizing a fuelis su ng speed fuel nozzle 13, the nozzle 12 termifrom said nozzle. 1 I V v r nating' slightly above the contracted portion lVith the above mentioned and other obofthe low speed air inlet 15whic-h surrounds jects in view, the invention consists in the the free end of saidnozzle. The admittance 3 novel construction and combination of parts of air intothe 'inletfl5 iSrCOIlfIOHGd by the hereinafter described, illustratedinftheac adjustment of screw '16adapted to project companying drawings, and SellIfOIIththe thereinto and whose rotation is regulated claims hereto appended, it being understood by the 1ocknut17'. The primary high speed that various changes inthe form, proportion, nozzle 13 extends axially into avertical prisi'zerand minor details ofconstruction within ma'r Mhigh speedl air inlet 18-and is prothe scope of the claims, maybe'resortedfto, videdwith lateral port's l8.] In: both of without departing from thespirit or'fsacri these construct1ons it will be observed that ficing-any of the advantages of the invention; the a r enterlng nlets 15 and 18travels in To morefully comprehend "the invention a path directly opposite tovthe flowof fuel 45 reference is directed to the accompanying in the respectivenozzles'and in the matter of drawings, wherein a r '1 g the low 'speed"nozzle the air travels in a" Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the direction d ametr cally o posite' to the direcprefer'red embodiment of my invention. 5 1 tion of d scharge of the, uelfrom the nozzle.

Fig. '21satransverse-s'ectiomi i w en; In the cast1ng'1 the"1nlets15 and "18 tel-mi; on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. nate respectively into chambers 19 and 20, f

2 v I if the chamber Communicating with a vertical channel 21 and the chamber 19 communicating through a port 22 with the interior of a metering valve elevator well 23 connected to and in vertical alignment with the channel 21. At its lower end the channel 21 is formed with an enlarged chamber 23 in which reciprocates the conical primary mixture metering valve 24, the upward movement of which is adapted'toreduce the passage ofrprimary mixture. from the channel 21 to the lateral channel 25 connecting with the high speed secondary mixture nozzle hereinafter described. Upwardly from the valve 24 extends a stem 26 carry ing on its upper end a metering valve elevator 27 slida bly mounted within the well 23. The well 23 is formed within a suitable bushing 28 having; a base closed as indicated at 28 and'formed with the port 22 and the interior of the well on opposite sides is provided "with vertically disposed recesses 29 increasing in depth toward the upper end of the well and said recesses connect through port 30 in the bushing 28 with a pipe 31 which in turn connects as at 32 with the outlet of the carburetor at a point beyond the secondary high speed mixture nozzle and the Venturitube associated therewith which I will hereinafter describe. It will be observed that the main supply of fuel mixture for operating the motor under low speed or idling conditions is admitted directly through the port 22 and passes through the recesses 29 into the carburetor at the point 32 through pipe 31, the meterin valve elevator being held in partial raised position by suction to'open'recesses passage of fuel. This fuel mixture supply being extremely limited and only sufficient tov maintain the idling operation of the motor is adapted to enterthe well 23 under substantially all conditions of operation, but it will be observed that the main mixture sup: ply'for the operation of the 'motor under other conditions does not'enter but passes through channel 25. Channel 25 which'is illustrated as being horizontally disposed, is provided with a vertical branch '33 which is disposed cent-rally of the lower end of the vertically disposed main chamber 34, the lower end of which is open, providing a secondary air inlet 35. The branch 33 mounts a high speed secondary mixture nozzle 36 threaded'at its lower end thereinto, and said nozzle is of substantially. conical shape and is constructed of a base 37 drilled as at 38 with a plurality of passages extending inwardly and downwardly towards its central channel 39, and which base is provided with an upwardly projecting central stud 40 at its base surrounded by a downwardly and inwardly inclined wall 41. Secured to the stud 40 is a conical tip' 4 2,the base of which of a' diameter to, correspond 29 for this the well 23 I with the diameter of the base at the periphery of the face 41, and said tip has a bottom wall disposed at an incline corresponding to the face 41 of the base 37. This nozzle construction provides a conical nozzle formed with a peripheral discharge orifice 44 circumferentially disposed about the nozzle at a point below its upper end. Mounted'for reciprocation within the main chamber 34 is a tubular casting 45, the passage in which is ofth'e conventional Venturi tube formation 46, as in the drawing, the lower end of the tube axially receiving the high speed secondary mixture nozzle. The diameter and formation of the Venturi tube at its lower end is such t t he tube during s vert cal. adjustmen cau s a variation i lume-and vel city of th second y a mitted to, pass upwardlythrough said tube. The upperencl of the tube registers with the norma m xture ou l t 47 of carburetor d is guided. by the annula fla ge Duh ing theo'perating of the carburetor, the tube is manually raised and lowered by an operator who imp rts axial rotation to the rod 49 mounting the operating forks 50 connects ed through fulcrum points 51 with the outer surface of the Venturi tube. The outer surface of this tube mounts a standard 52 to which is pivotally connected one end of a com mnsating 5 3, the free end of which overlies the elevator 27 and afiords a stop for the upward movement of the elevator in accordance Wi 11 the vertical adjustment of the Venturi tube, the terminal end of said arm engaging a guide pin 54 extending vertically from the elevator 27. The upper end of the guide pin 54 carries a removable bearing button 54 for engagement with said compensating arm. An adjustable fulcrum 55 of the knife blade type is carried on the end of each bifurcation of the body' 56 and overlies a portion of the compensatingiarm varying the stroke thereof in accordance with the adjustment of the fulcrum longitudinally of the bifurcations. The adjustment of this fulcrum is obtained by the inward or outward threading of the screw member 57, the head of which cooperates with an annular groove 58 at the outerend of the body 56. An annular flange 59 disposed radially of the body of the member 45 contacts with a shoulder 60 on the wall ofthe main chamber '34 and affords a stop for limiting the downward movement of the venturi in the chamber. To relieve the pressure in the space between said flange and stop and to permit the free vertical sliding movement of the Venturi tube 1 provide a tubular connection 61 leading to the main outlet of the carburetor. The lower enarged ham er 23 of t e chan el 21 is provided with a vent and seepage outlet 63 as i ustra e in Figs. 1 and 3 below the metering valve 24.

The carburetor being assembled as in the drawings and thesame connected to the fuel After the motor been started the low speed fuel mixture nozzle supplies the neces sary fuel which mixes with the air admitted into port for'operatin g the motor under the motor through the pipe 31 and port'32.

In the operation-of the motor under low speed conditions itis to-be understood that ply through 'theair inlet-35 bythe manual operation of said tube: #This position "of the Y parts permits the suction of the engine to exert its full force through the tube 31 on the metering valve elevator 27 which will elevate said valveyto suchaaposition that: the required quantity of'atomizedfuelfromthe low' speed" nozzle 12 will bel-drawn past f 5 the metering valve 'elevator whichsin this operation actsas a valve in governing the passage of fuel through the :recesses29 into:

the pipe 31 and to the engine: The increased speed of the motor occasioned byithe; opere 1 a0 ator manipulating the throttle lever to elevate the Venturi tube45 gradually increases the space between the :wall of the. Venturi tube and the surfacel of the nozzlel37 reduc-v ing the velocity of the air between thesetwo surfaces, thus admitting a gradually increa's-,-

ing volume of mixture dependent on the height of'elevation of the Venturi tube. The

greater the Venturi tube 45 is elevated the lower down the terminal end of the lever.53 rection: to the movement of the Venturi tube,.

consequently the higher the Venturi tube is elevated theilower thestop $53 is moved'for I limiting the closing movement ofrthe meter-, ing valve 24; On [the lowering; of the Ven-r turi tube'by the operation of the throttle the velocity of the ia'ir bet ween the surface of the venturi t'u'beandjthe nozzle 37 "is; gradually increased'causing a greatert'end-f ency, for fuel mixture'flow, from the' an nu'lar discharge port 44, 'andto compensate o for this and maintain the properproportion of fuel mixture','the free end of the stop arm the end of'pi'pe'3l to cause gradual shutoif'of the fuel mixture flow around valve 24. It will beobserved thatunder' all op'er ating conditions the suction ofthe motor acting on the "metering valve elevator 27 causes an operation'of the valve 24in accord-' ance with the degree of suction, and that the height of this elevator is limitedby'the free as for instance ersing a'level road, but when an abnormal for instance as where to'climb a hill, anda by the I vacuum,

is forced, as this lever'operates in areverse di Y 53: raises infproportion was lowering'of the Venturi tube permittingthesuction at' end of the arm '53 whichis '--directly can:

tube 45.

The foregoing based on the normal operation of the motor,

when the vehicle is travcondition arises such thevehicle is called heavier load is thereby placed ontothe mos 'tor thereof, the elevator above'des'cribed low-speed conditions, this mixture entering does not work at such time under mechanical control, but its action-isdirectly controlled which in turn" is "controlled by the revolution'of the engine, andthe posithe Venturi tube 45 :is positioned at its lower limit of movement l to 'vcut'oif; the air sup-Y ti'on of the Venturi.

is as follows:'The varying cross sections elevator in contact with'mechanical arm 53 Inasmuch The action of the above mentioned elevator described operations are r 7 to maintain the weight of the elevator-in such 1 o contact, any decrease ofva'cuum mustnecessarily; allow said elevator to fall in direct proportion as such controllingvacuum falls. Iti's obvious that the moment such abnormal condition ceases to exist, as for instance when thevehicle'has topped a hi1l, the vacuumim- I mediately builds up due to theincrea'se in engine revolutions and the elevator goes back to 'ltS' former mechanicallycontrolled posi- Under-these conditions,it'isapparent that i a vehicle can mixture forall level w ork with no sacrifice of -motorperformance when grades or hills are encountered. I i

Inasmuch as there with the Venturi tube,.a fixed secondary mix-' ture nozzlethe outer wall surface of which co-" acts with the inner wall surface of the Venturi tubeto provide an annular passage therebetween formed on substantially proper stream lines, and inasmuch as the Venturi tube is a vertically movable onewith respect to the be run 'Withthe leanest possible i is associated interiorly said nozzle, it is apparent that the throat '7 of the Venturi, and which constitutes the smallestcrosssection'al areaof the annular i passage way,isa variable one,the variation ofthethroat beingproduced by the vertical movement permitted the Venturi tube 4:5,this

variable throat construction being i designed totakethe place ofthe customary throttle employed in connection with ;V

with the consequentresult that at partially closed throttlefithe impact of air across the gasoline jet annular passage comprising the is greater than at wide open throttle, and'it is obvious that the relation of enturi tubes these asso ciatedparts of the venturi is such as'to pro vide'for both echanical and automatic controlthe'reofi" While theinvention has been described in its "preferred embodiment relative to struc tural features, I do not. wish to be understood;

as limiting or restricting the invention to the details of construction herein shown and described, but wish: to claim as broadly as the state of the art will permit, the combination in a carburetor of a vertically movable Verb turi tube having associated interiorly therewith a fixed or stationary main fuel mixture nozzle, the cross section of the throat of the Venturi tube being variable in accordance with the vertical movement impart ed to said movable member fixed fuel mixture nozzle, and which nozzle co-operates With the movable Venturi tube to provide a variable annular passage on proper stream lines.

Having thus described my inventiomW-hat I claim as new and desire to protect by Let ters Patent of the United States is;:

'1. A carburetor including a main mixing chamber, means for controlling the mixture velocity therethrough, means for feeding fuel mixture to said mixing chamber, a valve actuated by the vacuum at the upper end of said mixing chamber to reduce the fuel mixture feed to the mixing chamber, and a mechanically operated stop for engaging and limiting the closing movement of the valve, said stop being operated by said means for con trolling the mixture velocity.

2. A carburetor including a main m'iXing chamber, a Venturi tube therein mounted for mechanical vertical reciprocation, a nozzle at the base of the chamber and exten ing into the end of the Venturi tube,'a valve actuated by the vacuum in said mixing chamber to re duce the fuel mixture fed to the nozzle, and means operated by the movement of the Venturi tube for limiting the closing of said valve dependent upon the position of said Venturi tube.

3. A carburetor comprising a fuel chamber, a mixing chamber, a pair of passages in the carburetor between said fuel chamber and mixing chamber, independent air inlets to said passages, nozzles in said; air inlets for atomizing fuel flowing therefrom through said passages to the mixing chamber, a secondary nozzle in said mixing chamber hav ing one of said passages communicating therewith, and suction operated means controlling the floW of fuel mixture to said mixing chamber. 7 p

4. A carburetor, comprising a mixing chamber having an air inlet at one end and a mixture outlet at'the opposite end, a pair of fuel mixture supply passages formed in the carburetor communicating with the mixing chamber adjacent the inlet and outlet ends respectively, manually operated means in the mixing chamber controlling the outlet of one of the passages'thereto, and suction operated means controlling mixture in'both of said passages proportionately to the suction in the mixing chamber and in advance" relative to the;

of entry of the mixture into the mixing chamber. 7 7

A. carburetor, comprising-1 a mixingchaniber having an air inlet at: one end a d. a mixture outlet at. theopposit end, a. p r of fuel mixture supply passages formed in the carburetor communica ing with he. m xing chamber adjacent the inlet and outlet ends respectively, man ally operated m ans in the. mixing chamber con r lling e. outlet of: one of the. passages thercto and suction operated means. ontr lling fxture in b th ofsaid passages'proportionately to the sues tion in the mixing chamben'and moans oper.

ated by said manually ope ated means for limiting the. opera ion of the sucti n perated means in a predctermi edmanncr a d in advance'of entry of the mixture into the mixing chamber,

6. A carburetor, comprising a m x ng chamber-having an air inlet at ene end and a mixture. outlet at vthe opposite end, a pair of; fuel mixture'supply passage formed in the carburetor communicating with themixing chamber adjacentltheinlet and outlet ends respectively, manually operated means in themixingchamber controlling the: outlet of one of the passages thereto, and suction operated means controlling fluid flow in both ofv said passages proportionately to the, suction in the mixing chamber, means Operated by the manually operated means for limiting theoperation of the suction operated means proportionatel to the operation of said manual means, an means for adjusting the last mentioned means to vary the proportionate control between the manual and suction operated means.

7; A carburetor, comprising. a mixing chamberhavingan air inlet at one end and a mixture outlet at the other end, a secondary fuel mixture nozzle mounted in axial relation in said mixing chamber, a pair of fuel mixture passages formedin'said carburetonone of said passages communicating with said sec, ondary fuel mixture nozzle an the othe of said passages communica ing i h said mixin'g chamber at the m xture outlet end, air inlets communicating with each of said fuel mixture passages, fuel nozzles in said inlets, suction operated eans con rolling a h o said passages, manually ope ate m ans i said mixing chamber controlling the air inlet and secondaryfuel mixture nozzle therein and means. associatedw th said m ually opera ed means and. said suction means o trolling the op ratio f said suction p ra means in a predetermined manncr- 8. A ar ur tor, com-prising a mixing chamber, a pair of; fuel mixture supply passages fo med in the carburetor comm i a ing with the mixing hamber, suc ion op rated interconnected valves for metering the flow in said passages i inverse proporti n respectively and means for adjusting the proportionateoperation of said valves.

9. A carburetor, comprising a mixing chamber, a pair of fuel mixture supply passagesrformed in the carburetor communicating with the mixing chamber atone end, atomizing means at theopposite ends in said passages remote from said mixing chamber, and suction operated valving means controlling the fiowin said passages in inverse proportion respectively. p

10. A carburetor, comprising a mixing chamber, a pair of fuel mixture supply passages formed in the carburetor communicating with said mixing chamber, atomizing means in said passages, and a suction operated metering means controlling mixture flow in both passages between said atomizing means and said mixing chamber andin advance of communication of said passages with the mixing chamber.

11. A carburetor, comprising a mixing chamber, a pair of fuel mixture supply passages formed in the carburetor communicating with said mixing chamber, said passages havingaxially aligned portions, a pair of suction operatedinterconnected valve members slidabl mountedin said aligned portions of said passagegand a conduit extending between said mixing chamber and said aligned portions of said passages whereby said valve members are operated by the suction through said conduit. a

12. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber, a well and an aligned channel formed in said carburetor, a pair of fuel mixture passages formed in the carburetor efiecting communication between the mixing chamber and the well and aligned channel respectively, suction operated valve members slidably mounted in-said well and aligned channel separatelycontrolling said pair of passages, one ofsaid pair 0 passages forming a suction passage in the carburetor between said mixing chamber and said well to permit operation of said valve members by suction, and manually operated means for controlling the operation of saidvalve members by the suction.

13. A carburetor, comprising a mixing chamber, a well formed in said carburetor, a vertical channel formed in alignment with said well, a pair of fuel mixture passages formed in the carburetor effecting communication between said well and vertical channel respectively, and said mixing chamber, suction-operated valve members slidably mounted in said well and vertical channel separately controlling said pair of passages, one of said passa es forming a suction passa e between said nnxing chamber and said we 1 for transmitting suction to operate said valve members to independently control fuel mixture flow in said passa s, manually operated means in said mixing 0 amber for controlling the flow therethrough, and means operableby the last-mentioned means and adjustable relative thereto forcontrolling the operation of manually operated means in said mixing chamber for controlling the flow there through, a lever operable by the last-mentioned meansfo'r controlling the operation of said valve members by suction, and means for adjusting the operation of said lever for changing the relative controlof said valve members by said manually operated means.

15. A carburetor, comprising a mixing chamber, a pair of fuelmixture supply passages communicating with said mixing chamber,.valve means controlling the supply of fuel mixture throu h'said passages, manually operated means ar controlling the flow throu hsaid mixing chamber, a leveroperate by the manually operated means controllmg the operationof said valve means,

, and an adjustable'fulcrum for said lever for the operative relation between said varying ly operated means and said valve manna means.

In testlmony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

WILLIAM LEIBING.

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